Non-aqueous dual-carbon lithium-ion capacitors: a review

Abstract

Lithium-ion capacitors have attracted tremendous attention among various electrochemical energy storage systems, benefitting from the merits of high energy density, high power output, long cycle life and favorable chemical stability.

Emerging Potassium‐ion Hybrid Capacitors

“…[76,77] Therefore, the mass ratio between two electrodes can be calculated by the following Equation (5). [38] m cathode m anode ¼ C anode � DE anode C cathode � DE cathode (5) where m, C and ΔE are the mass of active material, specific capacitance and working voltage window for the cathode and anode, respectively.…”

“…Fortunately, metal ion capacitors, also known as metal ion hybrid capacitors, could overcome the limitations of rechargeable batteries and SCs. [33][34][35] Lithium ion capacitors (LICs) [36][37][38][39][40][41][42] and sodium ion capacitors (SICs) [43][44][45][46] have attracted widespread attention and made great success owing to their high energy density, high power, superior stability and favorable stability, which could provide a theoretical basis for developing other new electrochemical metal ion capacitors technology.…”

“…[19,[48][49][50][51] Figure 2a exhibits the energy density and power density diagrams of potassium-ion capacitors compared with other energy storage devices. [38,52] The research on potassium-ion hybrid capacitors has been rarely reported because of serious kinetics mismatch between negative and positive electrode. The review offers a brief discussion of the working principle of a potassium-ion capacitor, along with recent advances of a varity of electrode materials for dual-carbon and non-dual-carbon KICs.…”

“…Potassium‐ion capacitors featuring the merits of abundant potassium resources, lower standard electrode potential as well as low cost have been considered as potential alternatives to lithium‐ion/sodium‐ion capacitors [19,48–51] . Figure 2a exhibits the energy density and power density diagrams of potassium‐ion capacitors compared with other energy storage devices [38,52] . The research on potassium‐ion hybrid capacitors has been rarely reported because of serious kinetics mismatch between negative and positive electrode.…”

Silicon Oxycarbide-Graphite Electrodes for High-Power Energy Storage Devices

“…The material should be characterized by a good conductivity, low lithiation/delithiation potential and provide sufficient capacity [ 3 ]. The capacity does not have to be exceptionally high, since it is often limited by the cathode [ 10 , 11 ], but at least 50 mAh g −1 should be available at potentials below 2 V vs. Li/Li + . The material should exhibit excellent rate capability to match the pace of cathodic reaction, and withstand polarization with 1–2 A g −1 for at least a few hundred cycles [ 11 ].…”