2012
DOI: 10.2174/138161212803582469
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Non-Analgesic Effects of Opioids: Opioid-induced Respiratory Depression

Abstract: Opioids induce respiratory depression via activation of μ-opioid receptors at specific sites in the central nervous system including the pre-Bötzinger complex, a respiratory rhythm generating area in the pons. Full opioid agonists like morphine and fentanyl affect breathing with onset and offset profiles that are primarily determined by opioid transfer to the receptor site, while the effects of partial opioid agonists such as buprenorphine are governed by transfer to the receptor site together with receptor ki… Show more

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Cited by 181 publications
(163 citation statements)
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“…17 Heroin and fentanyl work together to potentiate the effects of respiratory depression, namely potentially fatal brain hypoxia. 12 Our heroin–fentanyl admixture vaccine produces antibodies that effectively sequester each drug creating an antibody-drug complex that is too large to penetrate the blood- brain barrier.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…17 Heroin and fentanyl work together to potentiate the effects of respiratory depression, namely potentially fatal brain hypoxia. 12 Our heroin–fentanyl admixture vaccine produces antibodies that effectively sequester each drug creating an antibody-drug complex that is too large to penetrate the blood- brain barrier.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Interestingly, the antinociceptive activity of buprenorphine was also demonstrated using visceromotor response to colorectal distension assay (Larauche et al, 2010). However, earlier studies, showing that buprenorphine may produce side effects typical for classical opioids, such as respiratory depression, dizziness or nausea (Boom et al, 2012), indicate the need to design the derivatives with similar pharmacological profile, but deprived of side effects typical for the parent compound.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Mu receptors play an essential role in mediating the analgaesic and rewarding effects of opioids and, very likely, also in physical dependence (Narita et al, 2001). The μ1 receptor subtype is linked to analgaesia and euphoria, the μ2 subtype to respiratory depression (Boom et al, 2012).…”
Section: Neurobiological Basismentioning
confidence: 99%