Non-Alcoholic Fatty Pancreatic Disease: A Review of Literature

Abstract

There is an epidemic of obesity worldwide. The prevalence of obesity has doubled over the last three decades. Obesity, especially abdominal obesity is associated with insulin resistance that can lead to pancreatic steatosis and non-alcoholic fatty pancreatic disease (NAFPD). NAFPD describes a phenotype entity ranging from deposition of fat in the pancreas to pancreatic inflammation, and resultant fibrosis, which is similar to that of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFPD may represent a meaningful manifestation of metabolic syndrome. Pancreatic steatosis can be diagnosed on ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) scan or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In addition to a correlation between pancreatic steatosis and metabolic syndrome, pancreatic steatosis may lead to a worse outcome in pancreatitis and may be an etiological factor in pancreatic cancer, but we need further research to examine the associations, pathophysiology, and the impact of pancreatic steatosis and NAFPD on the human health.

Стеатоз Підшлункової Залози У Дітей. Частина 2. Фактори Ризику, Можливості Діагностики Та Лікування

“…Lingvay (2009) [10] та Niraj S. Patel (2013) [11] було показано, що стеатоз ПЗ негативно ко-релює із секрецією інсуліну і функцією β-клітин. Автори припустили, що стеатоз ПЗ може стати вирішальним па-тогенним фактором тільки в умовах порушення гомео-стазу глюкози і дисфункції β-клітин [11,12].…”

Стеатометрія Й Еластометрія Як Методи Неінвазивної Діагностики Стеатозу Та Фіброзу Підшлункової Залози У Дітей

“…Pancreatic disorders in children with obesity deserve special attention due to the high possibility of development of nonalcoholic fatty pancreas disease (NAFPD). It is known that morphological basis of NAFPD is presented by deposition of fat in the pancreas (steatosis) that can be followed by inflammation and fibrosis of the pancreatic parenchyma [2].…”

The efficacy of the 3-dimensional vibe-caipirinha-dixon technique in the evaluation of pancreatic steatosis

“…However, PS is often overlooked in radiology practice. Biopsy is the gold standard for exact evaluation of the PS, but because of the location of the pancreas, the complications risk, and sampling bias, radiological methods are preferred for both evaluation and quantification [11].…”

“…There are some studies in the literature related to the quantification of pancreatic fat content with MRI [11,12]. Techniques such as in phase-opposed phase, dual-echo, or multiecho DIXON method, spectral-spatial excitation, and spectroscopy are used in abdominal MR practice in fat imaging [11][12][13].…”

“…Techniques such as in phase-opposed phase, dual-echo, or multiecho DIXON method, spectral-spatial excitation, and spectroscopy are used in abdominal MR practice in fat imaging [11][12][13]. Multiple applications of dual-echo DIXON or multiecho DIXON methods are used for improving fat saturation, quantification, and mapping [11][12][13][14]. Quantitative techniques require more echoes for achieving higher values of sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in detecting steatosis due to the limitations of dual-echo DIXON method [14].…”