Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease - the heart of the matter

Abstract

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common forms of chronic liver disease in the Western world. There is a close association with the metabolic syndrome and NAFLD is considered to be the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome. The components of the metabolic syndrome include hypertension, obesity and insulin resistance which are well established cardiovascular risk factors. The mortality rate of NAFLD patients from myocardial infarction is higher than that in the general United States population and there is also an increased risk of nonfatal cardiovascular events. This article reviews the cardiovascular complications associated with NAFLD. In order to provide comprehensive care of NAFLD patients, physicians need to be aware of, and search for, the cardiac morbidity associated with NAFLD. Core tip: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome. Due to the overlapping cardiovascular risk factors in the metabolic syndrome, there are cardiovascular consequences linked to the presence of NAFLD in a patient. We review these complications and also a less well appreciated complication of diastolic dysfunction that is intimately associated with NAFLD. Physicians looking after NAFLD patients need to be aware of these complications and actively search for and treat them.Azzam H, Malnick S. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease -the heart of the matter. World J Hepatol 2015; 7(10):

Associations of TM6SF2 167K allele with liver enzymes and lipid profile in children: the PANIC Study

“…n onalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), recognized as the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome (1), is the most common liver disease not only in adults (2) but also in children (3). Increased liver fat content is typically associated with the overproduction of triglyceride-rich very-lowdensity lipoprotein particles from the liver due to the reduced insulin-induced suppression of very-low-density lipoprotein production that leads to hypertriglyceridemia and decreased plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (1).…”

“…Increased liver fat content is typically associated with the overproduction of triglyceride-rich very-lowdensity lipoprotein particles from the liver due to the reduced insulin-induced suppression of very-low-density lipoprotein production that leads to hypertriglyceridemia and decreased plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (1). NAFLD has been related to increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality that has been suggested to be partly explained by hypertriglyceridemia and decreased plasma HDL cholesterol levels (2).…”

Naturally Occurring Nrf2 Activators: Potential in Treatment of Liver Injury

“…Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming the most common cause of chronic liver disease [106, 107]. In NAFLD, multiple mechanisms operate simultaneously which results in hepatocyte apoptosis, inflammation, and fibrosis, that is, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) [107, 108].…”

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“…Воз-можными механизмами сердечно-сосудистого риска, индуцированного НАЖБП, являются оксидативный стресс, воспаление, инсулинорезистентность, эндоте-лиальная дисфункция и продукция провоспалительных цитокинов [13]. Такие факторы риска, как артериаль-ная гипертензия, дислипидемия, ожирение, сахар-ный диабет 2 типа, часто сосуществуют с НАЖБП, спо-собствуя повышению сердечно-сосудистого риска у этих пациентов [14,15].…”