Non-adiabatic radial-flow reactor for styrene production

Savoretti, Adolfina; Borio, Daniel Oscar; Bucalá, Verónica; Porras, José Alberto

doi:10.1016/s0009-2509(98)00195-x

Cited by 28 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Of these models, the kinetic model proposed by Sheel and Crowe (1969) has been widely used (Clough & Ramirez, 1976;Elnashaie, Abdalla & Hughes, 1993;Abdalla, Elnashaie, Alkhowaiter & Elshishini, 1994;Savoretti, Borio, Bucalá & Porras, 1999). Pseudo-homogeneous model had been used by most researchers for simulation and optimization of industrial reactors (Sheel & Crowe, 1969;Clough & Ramirez, 1976;Sheppard et al, 1986;Savoretti et al, 1999). Elnashaie et al (1993) developed a rigorous heterogeneous model based on dusty gas model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiobjective optimization of an industrial styrene reactor

Yee

Ray

Rangaiah

2003

Computers & Chemical Engineering

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The paper describes a multiobjective optimization study for industrial styrene reactors using non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA). Several two-and three-objective functions, namely, production, yield and selectivity of styrene, are considered for adiabatic as well as steam-injected styrene reactors. Pareto optimal (a set of equally good) solutions are obtained due to conflicting effect of either ethyl benzene feed temperature or flow rate. The results provide extensive range of optimal operating conditions, from which a suitable operating point can be selected based on the specific requirements in the plant. #

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiobjective optimization of an industrial styrene reactor

Yee

Ray

Rangaiah

2003

Computers & Chemical Engineering

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“…The reaction steps postulated in equations (7) to (12) are considered as single-step reactions. Accordingly, the reaction streams are written as follows:…”

Section: Model Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are not suitable to describe the catalytic behaviour except at a certain stationary state. Model based process optimization and assessment of the potential of novel reactor concepts become infeasible that way [8,11,12]. The shortcomings of available kinetic models definitely affect the progress in engineering of the styrene process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microkinetic modelling of the dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene over unpromoted iron oxides

Schüle

Shekhah

Ranke

et al. 2005

Journal of Catalysis

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A vast amount of surface science experiments provides a detailed qualitative picture of the mechanisms governing the catalytic dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene (EB) to Styrene (St) over unpromoted iron oxide. Also values of kinetic and energetic parameters for adsorption and desorption are available. We present a methodology of kinetic modelling based upon this knowledge, aiming at an accurate prediction of the behaviour of the technical catalysts including deactivation and regeneration. This paper contains the detailed kinetic model and the procedure followed for determining the kinetic parameters.

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“…Styrene, an important basic chemical as a raw material for polymers, is produced commercially by the dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene using an Fe-K oxide catalyst in the presence of a large amount of superheated steam at 600-700 °C [1]. Steam affords the heat to shift the chemical equilibrium of the endothermic reaction toward higher conversion to styrene [2], assists the formation of active KFeO 2 species [3] and suppresses the formation of coke on the catalyst [4]. However, one should notice that steam is used in a large excess molar amount with respect to ethylbenzene (6-13:1), leading to a huge amount of energy consumption (1.5×10 6 kcal/styrene ton) [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic mechanism of the dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene over Fe–Co/Mg(Al)O derived from hydrotalcites

Tope

Jermy

Khurshid

et al. 2011

Applied Catalysis A: General

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Catalytic mechanism of ethylbenzene dehydrogenation over Fe-Co/Mg(Al)O derived from hydrotalcites has been studied based on the XAFS and XPS catalyst characterization and the FTIR measurements of adsorbed species. Fe-Co/Mg(Al)O showed synergy, whereas Fe-Ni/Mg(Al)O showed no synergy, in the dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene. Ni species were stably incorporated as Ni 2+ in the regular sites in periclase and spinel structure in the Fe-Ni/Mg(Al)O. Contrarily, Co species exists as a mixture of Co 3+ /Co 2+ in the Fe-Co/Mg(Al)O and was partially isolated from the regular sites in the structures with increasing the Co content. Co addition enhanced Lewis acidity of Fe 3+ active sites by forming Fe 3+-O-Co 3+/2+ (1/1) bond, resulting in an increase in the activity. FTIR of ethylbenzene adsorbed on the Fe-Co/Mg(Al)O clearly showed formations of CO bond and π-adsorbed aromatic ring. This suggests that ethylbenzene was strongly adsorbed on the Fe 3+ acid sites via π-bonding and the dehydrogenation was initiated by α-H + abstraction from ethyl group on Mg 2+-O 2basic sites, followed by CO -Mg bond formation. The α-H + abstraction by O 2-(-Mg 2+) was likely followed by β-H abstraction, leading to the formations of styrene and H 2. Such catalytic mechanism by the Fe 3+ acid-O 2-(-Mg 2+) base couple and the Fe 3+ /Fe 2+ reduction-oxidation cycle was further assisted by Co 3+ /Co 2+ , leading to a good catalytic activity for the dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene.

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Non-adiabatic radial-flow reactor for styrene production

Cited by 28 publications

References 0 publications

Multiobjective optimization of an industrial styrene reactor

Multiobjective optimization of an industrial styrene reactor

Microkinetic modelling of the dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene over unpromoted iron oxides

Catalytic mechanism of the dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene over Fe–Co/Mg(Al)O derived from hydrotalcites

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