Nomogram to Predict Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Breast Cancer Patients

Feng, Jikun; Li, Jianxia; Huang, Xinjian; Yi, Jinyao; Wu, Haoming; Zhong, Wenjing; Wang, Xi

doi:10.3389/fmolb.2021.761163

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…By analyzing ER, PR, Ki67, and p53 as continuous variables, we were able to classify tumors into high- and low-expression diseases. Notably, the thresholds for ER, PR, Ki67, and p53 were determined based on ROC analysis rather than simply classifying them empirically as positive and negative; this differs from previous studies [ 38 , 39 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nomograms for Predicting Disease-Free Survival Based on Core Needle Biopsy and Surgical Specimens in Female Breast Cancer Patients with Non-Pathological Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

Lan

Chen

et al. 2023

JPM

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Purpose: While a pathologic complete response (pCR) is regarded as a surrogate endpoint for positive outcomes in breast cancer (BC) patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), forecasting the prognosis of non-pCR patients is still an open issue. This study aimed to create and evaluate nomogram models for estimating the likelihood of disease-free survival (DFS) for non-pCR patients. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 607 non-pCR BC patients was conducted (2012–2018). After converting continuous variables to categorical variables, variables entering the model were progressively identified by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, and then pre-NAC and post-NAC nomogram models were developed. Regarding their discrimination, accuracy, and clinical value, the performance of the models was evaluated by internal and external validation. Two risk assessments were performed for each patient based on two models; patients were separated into different risk groups based on the calculated cut-off values for each model, including low-risk (assessed by the pre-NAC model) to low-risk (assessed by the post-NAC model), high-risk to low-risk, low-risk to high-risk, and high-risk to high-risk groups. The DFS of different groups was assessed using the Kaplan–Meier method. Results: Both pre-NAC and post-NAC nomogram models were built with clinical nodal (cN) status and estrogen receptor (ER), Ki67, and p53 status (all p < 0.05), showing good discrimination and calibration in both internal and external validation. We also assessed the performance of the two models in four subtypes, with the triple-negative subtype showing the best prediction. Patients in the high-risk to high-risk subgroup have significantly poorer survival rates (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: Two robust and effective nomograms were developed to personalize the prediction of DFS in non-pCR BC patients treated with NAC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nomograms for Predicting Disease-Free Survival Based on Core Needle Biopsy and Surgical Specimens in Female Breast Cancer Patients with Non-Pathological Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

Lan

Chen

et al. 2023

JPM

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“…Although the prevalence of expression of TILs in our study was similar to some studies regardless of the cutoffs used, the prevalence reported varied significantly. [12–14] Previous studies reported a prevalence of expression of TILs of 26.5% to 44.5% using the 11% cutoff [15,16] and 5% to 26% using the 50% cutoff. [14,17,18] For example, in the Asian population, a study among 220 Korean participants with invasive breast cancer, this prevalence was 23.2% in biopsies and 27.6% in resected specimens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PD-L1 and TILs expression and their association with clinicopathological characteristics in Vietnamese women with primary invasive breast cancer

Huynh

Truong

et al. 2023

Medicine

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Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) are promising new factors in the prognosis and prediction of breast cancer patients. Our study evaluated the prevalence of expression of TILs on hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) slides, PD-L1 expression on immunohistochemistry, and their association with clinicopathological characteristics in Vietnamese women with invasive breast cancer. This study was conducted on 216 women with primary invasive breast cancer. The evaluation of TILs on the HE slides was based on the International TILs Working Group 2014 recommendation. PD-L1 protein expression was determined using the Combined Positive Score, the number of tumor cells, lymphocytes, and macrophages stained by PD-L1 divided by the total viable tumor cells multiplied by 100. Based on the cutoff of 11%, the prevalence of TILs expression was 35.6%, of which highly expressed TILs (≥50%) accounted for 15.3%. Postmenopausal women and those who had a body mass index of 25 kg/m2 or greater had a higher odds of having TILs expression. However, patients who had the expression of Ki-67, HER-positive molecular subtype, and triple-negative subtype were more likely to have TILs expression. The prevalence of PD-L1 expression was 30.1%. A significantly higher odds of having PD-L1 was found in patients who had a history of benign breast disease, self-detected tumor and had TILs expression. The expression of TILs and PD-L1 is common in Vietnamese women with invasive breast cancer. Because of the importance of these expressions, routine evaluation to find women who had TILs and PD-L1 is needed so that treatment and prognosis can be optimized. Such routine evaluation can be targeted to those who had a high-risk profile found in this study.

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“…Through certain inflammasomes, pyroptosis is an inflammatory form of cell death triggered, which affects tumor proliferation, invasion, and metastasis under the regulation of some noncoding RNAs and other molecules. [ 27 ] Pyroptosis corresponds to an intensely inflammatory form of programmed cell death in which cytoplasmic contents and pro‐inflammatory cytokines, including IL‐1β, are released. [ 28 ] Doitsh et al [ 29 ] found that over 95% of quiescent lymphoid CD4 T cells die by caspase‐1‐mediated pyroptosis triggered by abortive viral infection in HIV‐infected hosts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of non‐small cell lung cancer cell‐derived exosome miR‐196b‐5p promoting pyroptosis of tumor T cells and tumor cell proliferation by downregulating ING5

Zhang,

Yang,

Lei

et al. 2023

J Biochem & Molecular Tox

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In the world, lung cancer is one of the most common malignant cancers and has become the leading cause of death of cancers in China, among which non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for a relatively high proportion, but there is a lack of effective treatment at present. An animal model of NSCLC was established, and BEAS‐2b, H1299, Lewis, and T cells were used for subsequent experimental verification. The level of miR‐196b‐5p was detected by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Growth inhibitor 5 (ING5), CD9, CD63, HSP70, Caspase‐1, NLRP3, and GSDMD‐NT were detected by western blot. The level of ING5 was confirmed by immunohistochemistry, the location of miR‐196b‐5p was analyzed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), cell viability was investigated by Cell Counting Kit‐8 kit, and interleukin (IL)‐1β and IL‐18 were confirmed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. In addition, the binding site was verified by dual‐luciferase reporter gene experiments. Tumor volume was measured. TUNEL staining was used to detect apoptosis. Flow cytometry was used to measure the levels of CD8 T, CD4 T, and Treg cells in tumors. miR‐196‐5p was highly expressed in exosomes secreted by tumor cells. miR‐196‐5p negatively targeted ING5 to promote the growth of tumor cells. Cancer‐derived exosomes promote pyroptosis of T cells to further aggravate the development of cancer. Exosome‐derived miR‐196b‐5p promoted pyroptosis of T cells. Exosome‐derived miR‐196b‐5p inhibited the level of ING5 to promote tumor growth and accelerate the process of NSCLC.

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Nomogram to Predict Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Breast Cancer Patients

Cited by 5 publications

References 38 publications

Nomograms for Predicting Disease-Free Survival Based on Core Needle Biopsy and Surgical Specimens in Female Breast Cancer Patients with Non-Pathological Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

Nomograms for Predicting Disease-Free Survival Based on Core Needle Biopsy and Surgical Specimens in Female Breast Cancer Patients with Non-Pathological Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

PD-L1 and TILs expression and their association with clinicopathological characteristics in Vietnamese women with primary invasive breast cancer

Mechanism of non‐small cell lung cancer cell‐derived exosome miR‐196b‐5p promoting pyroptosis of tumor T cells and tumor cell proliferation by downregulating ING5

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