Nomenclature for Factors of the HLA System, 1996

Fc? receptor IIa polymorphism in caucasian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: Association with clinical symptoms

“…HLA-DR and HLA-DQ typing was performed by oligonucleotide hybridization of enzymatically amplified DNA, as described previously (21)(22)(23)(24). The designation of the HLA alleles was carried out according to the 1996 nomenclature of factors of the HLA system (25).…”

Relationship Between Human Leucocyte Antigen Class I and Class II and Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria Associated With Aspirin and/or NSAIDs Hypersensitivity

“…HLA class-I and class-II molecules are membrane-bound glycoproteins that bind intracellularly processed antigenic peptides and present them to T cells via T-cell receptors and are encoded by the most highly polymorphic gene family in the human genome [6]. HLA class-I molecules are present on all nucleated cells and platelets and present peptides of endogenous origin to CD8+ T cells, while HLA class-II molecules are expressed on a more restricted range of cell types—including B cells, activated T cells, and the monocyte/macrophage lineage—and present short peptides of exogenous origin to CD4+ T cells, mainly with helper phenotype.…”

Polymerase chain reaction based human leucocyte antigen genotyping for the investigation of suspected gastrointestinal biopsy contamination

“…13 These techniques are particularly useful for the investigation of individual tissue identity as HLA molecules, involved in modulation of the immune response, are encoded by the most polymorphic loci in the human genome, within the major histocompatibility complex on chromosome six. For example, there are currently 184 identified DRB1 alleles and 31 DQB1 alleles 14. HLA encoding genes do not seem to undergo somatic mutation during neoplastic transformation.…”