“…We do so with a twofold objective: The first, as already mentioned, is to better understand the consequences that a direct interaction between JJ and axion would have, and therefore to pave the way towards a practical implementation of the device to detect axions. The second objective, and not less important, is to compute the quasipotential barrier of the axion-JJ system, a very convenient quantity in the analysis of low temperature devices (as already demonstrated for Shapiro steps [45,46], cavity-induced synchronization [47], the study of a JJ electronic analogue [48], and also in non-Josephson contexts [49][50][51][52][53][54]) to infer the properties at a very low noise and, consequently, very long escape times. In fact, the characteristic time scale of the system is of the order of [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] ps, being the inverse of Josephson characteristic frequency which, as we shall see later, generally falls in the range [0.1-1] THz.…”