Nodularin in feathers and liver of eiders (Somateria mollissima) caught from the western Gulf of Finland in June–September 2005

Sipiä, Vesa O.; Neffling, Milla-Riina; Metcalf, James S.; Nybom, Sonja; Meriluoto, Jussi; Codd, Geoffrey A.

doi:10.1016/j.hal.2007.05.007

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…From a human health perspective, mussels are the organisms that pose highest health risks upon consumption (Sipia¨et al, 2008), since they can accumulate NOD up to 13 800 mg kg À1 dry weight. In the absence of mammalian oral toxicity data, the Tolerable Daily Intake of MC-LR (40 ng kg À1 body weight) is provisionally assumed for NOD.…”

Section: Nodularin Accumulation and Transfermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…E-mail: vmvascon@ fc.up.pt Tan, 2007). The cyanobacteria of brackish waters (including estuaries), however, remain under-investigated, particularly in Europe, despite a number of significant contributions (Sivonen et al, 1989;Nehring, 1993;Lehtima¨ki et al, 1994Lehtima¨ki et al, , 1997Lehtima¨ki et al, , 2000Wille´n & Mattson, 1997;Sivonen & Jones, 1999;Sipia¨et al, 2001Sipia¨et al, , 2002Sipia¨et al, , 2006Sipia¨et al, , 2007Sipia¨et al, , 2008Vasconcelos & Cerqueira, 2001;Laamanen et al, 2002;Rocha et al, 2002;Geiss et al, 2003;Hobson & Fallowfield, 2003;Lehtonen et al, 2003;Stal et al, 2003;Sobrino et al, 2004;Herfindal et al, 2005;Kankaanpa¨a¨et al, 2005;Karjalainen et al, 2005Karjalainen et al, , 2007Karlsson et al, 2005;Pere´z & Carrilo, 2005;Surakka et al, 2005;Marino et al, 2006;Mazur-Marzec et al, 2007Paoli et al, 2007;Halinen et al, 2008;Ibelings & Havens, 2008;Jo´z´wiak et al, 2008;Lopes et al, 2010;Oftedal et al, 2010;). This lack of information for brackish-water cyanobacteria is especially significant in relation to the potential for production of new bioactive compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Planktonic and benthic cyanobacteria of European brackish waters: a perspective on estuaries and brackish seas

Lopes

Vasconcelos

2011

European Journal of Phycology

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Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic organisms found in aquatic and terrestrial biotopes and ecosystems throughout the world. Marine and freshwater cyanobacteria have been extensively studied due to the toxic hazards that some of them create and biotechnological interest. In contrast, the cyanobacteria of brackish waters have been less studied despite being able to form toxic blooms like their freshwater and marine counterparts. We review the occurrence, diversity and toxicity of cyanobacteria species in the brackish waters of Europe, mainly estuaries and brackish environments of the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean and Baltic Seas. The dominant cyanobacteria belong mainly to the planktonic genera Nodularia, Aphanizomenon, Microcystis and Anabaena, but also the benthic forms of Anabaena and Phormidium. Most genera from brackish waters are reported to be hepatotoxin producers (microcystin and nodularin). However, anatoxin-a and other bioactive compounds (e.g. apoptogens) can also be found and are produced exclusively by benthic forms. Nodularin is the best-characterized brackish-water cyanotoxin, being primarily produced by N. spumigena. Data are presented on cyanotoxin production, accumulation, and potential food chain transfer, with a particular focus on nodularin, which induces multiple effects on food-chain dynamics. Microcystins and anatoxin-a are also considered. Potential risks to animals and humans from cyanotoxin exposure are discussed, although reports of animal poisoning by brackish-water toxic cyanobacteria are scarce and no cases of human intoxication are yet known.

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Section: Nodularin Accumulation and Transfermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planktonic and benthic cyanobacteria of European brackish waters: a perspective on estuaries and brackish seas

Lopes

Vasconcelos

2011

European Journal of Phycology

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“…The presence of nodularin in eiders (Somateria mollissima) feeding on blue mussels and flounder was also reported (Sipiä et al 2003). Concentrations of the toxin in eider liver ranged from 0.003-0.18 µg g −1 d.w. and were generally lower than those in mussels and flounders (Sipiä et al 2003(Sipiä et al , 2008. Minor NOD concentrations were also found in the feathers and edible parts of these seabirds.…”

Section: The Fate Of Cyanobacteria and Their Toxinsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Recent distribution and stock assessment of the red alga Furcellaria lumbricalis on an exposed Baltic Sea coast: combined use of field survey and modelling methods

Bučas¹,

Daunys²,

Olenin³

2009

OCEANOLOGIA

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Cyanobacteria, otherwise known as blue-green algae, are oxygenic, photosynthetic prokaryotes. They occur naturally in many fresh, marine and brackish waters worldwide and play an important role in global carbon and nitrogen cycles. In their long history, cyanobacteria have developed structures and mechanisms that enable them to survive and proliferate under different environmental conditions. In the Baltic Sea, the mass development of cyanobacteria is compounded by a high level of eutrophication. The dominant species in the Baltic, the filamentous Aphanizomenon flos-aquae and Nodularia spumigena, can fix dissolved atmospheric N 2 , as a result of which they can outcompete other phytoplankton organisms. Heterocystous, filamentous cyanobacteria also make a significant contribution The complete text of the paper is available at http://www.iopan.gda.pl/oceanologia/ 294 H. Mazur-Marzec, M. Pliński to the internal nutrient loading in the Baltic. The blooms of N. spumigena are of particular concern, as this cyanobacterium produces nodularin (NOD), a hepatotoxic peptide. The concentration of the toxin in the sea is regulated mainly by dilution with uncontaminated water, photolysis, sorption to sediments and microbial degradation. The transfer of the toxin in the Baltic trophic chain through zooplankton, mussels, fish and birds has been reported, but biodilution rather than bioconcentration has been observed. Cyanobacterial blooms are thought to pose a serious threat to the ecosystem. Their harmful effects are related to the occurrence of a high biomass, oxygen depletion, a reduction in biodiversity, and the production of toxic metabolites.

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“…Other studies have reported effects on amphibians [156,157,158], on turtles [159,160] and birds [160,161,162,163,164,165,166]. …”

Section: Accumulation Of Cyanotoxins and Their Effects On Aquatic mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyanotoxins: Bioaccumulation and Effects on Aquatic Animals

2011

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Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic prokaryotes with wide geographic distribution that can produce secondary metabolites named cyanotoxins. These toxins can be classified into three main types according to their mechanism of action in vertebrates: hepatotoxins, dermatotoxins and neurotoxins. Many studies on the effects of cyanobacteria and their toxins over a wide range of aquatic organisms, including invertebrates and vertebrates, have reported acute effects (e.g., reduction in survivorship, feeding inhibition, paralysis), chronic effects (e.g., reduction in growth and fecundity), biochemical alterations (e.g., activity of phosphatases, GST, AChE, proteases), and behavioral alterations. Research has also focused on the potential for bioaccumulation and transferring of these toxins through the food chain. Although the herbivorous zooplankton is hypothesized as the main target of cyanotoxins, there is not unquestionable evidence of the deleterious effects of cyanobacteria and their toxins on these organisms. Also, the low toxin burden in secondary consumers points towards biodilution of microcystins in the food web as the predominant process. In this broad review we discuss important issues on bioaccumulation and the effects of cyanotoxins, with emphasis on microcystins, as well as drawbacks and future needs in this field of research.

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Nodularin in feathers and liver of eiders (Somateria mollissima) caught from the western Gulf of Finland in June–September 2005

Cited by 24 publications

References 22 publications

Planktonic and benthic cyanobacteria of European brackish waters: a perspective on estuaries and brackish seas

Planktonic and benthic cyanobacteria of European brackish waters: a perspective on estuaries and brackish seas

Recent distribution and stock assessment of the red alga Furcellaria lumbricalis on an exposed Baltic Sea coast: combined use of field survey and modelling methods

Cyanotoxins: Bioaccumulation and Effects on Aquatic Animals

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