Nocturnal cortisol and melatonin secretion in primary insomnia

Riemann, Dieter; Klein, Torsten; Rodenbeck, Andrea; Feige, Bernd; Horny, Andrea; Hummel, R; Weske, G.; Al-Shajlawi, Anam; Voderholzer, Ulrich

doi:10.1016/s0165-1781(02)00249-4

Cited by 161 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity plays a role in hypertension and diabetes development 9,10 . However, data suggesting that HPA hormone levels are higher in insomnia are still inconclusive 11,12,13 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Objective short sleep duration is associated with the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in insomnia

D’Aurea¹,

Poyares²,

Piovezan³

et al. 2015

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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Objective To evaluate the association between objective short sleep duration in patients with insomnia and changes in blood parameters related to hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity.Method A cross-sectional pilot study was conducted in 30 middle-aged adults with chronic insomnia who were divided into 2 groups according to polysomnography (PSG) total sleep time (TST) (TST > 5h and < 5h). All patients underwent subjective analysis of sleep quality, anthropometric measurements, PSG, and determination off asting blood parameters.Results The results revealed lower sleep efficiency and higher sleep latency for those with a TST < 5h. The subjective sleep quality was worse in the TST < 5h. Significantly, higher glucose and cortisol levels were observed with a TST < 5h. Glucose, cortisol and ACTH levels were inversely correlated with the PSG total sleep time.Conclusion Patients with insomnia with objective short sleep duration had HPA-associated endocrine and metabolic imbalances chronically linked to increases in cardiovascular risk observed with this more severe insomnia phenotype.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Objective short sleep duration is associated with the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in insomnia

D’Aurea¹,

Poyares²,

Piovezan³

et al. 2015

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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“…In contrast, a recent study (70) showed no signifi cant differences in cortisol levels between insomnia patients and good sleepers between 19:00 and 9:00 hours. In the same study, the insomnia group showed lower melatonin levels, which is in agreement with an earlier study (71).…”

Section: Chronic Insomnia and The Hyperarousal Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 72%

Regulation of Sleepiness: The Role of the Arousal System

Bakotić¹,

Radošević-Vidaček²

2012

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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It is generally accepted that two basic physiological processes regulate sleepiness: homeostatic and circadian rhythmic processes. Recent research has proposed the third component regulating sleepiness, that is, the wake drive or the arousal system. The role of the arousal system in regulating sleepiness has partly been addressed by the studies of the pathophysiology of insomnia, which is often described as a disorder of hyperarousal. Experimental and correlational studies on the relation between sleepiness and arousal in good sleepers have generally indicated that both physiological and cognitive arousal are related to the standard measures of sleepiness. Taking into account the role of the arousal system in regulating sleepiness widens the possibilities for the management of sleep disorders and could also help in solving the problem of excessive sleepiness at work and the wheel. KEY WORDS: circadian rhythms, insomnia, shift work, sleep homeostasis, wake driveBakotić M, and Radošević-Vidaček B. WAKE DRIVE IN SLEEPINESS REGULATION Arh Hig Rada Tokiskol 2012;63 Supplement 1: 23-34 Sleep research and sleep medicine often defi ne sleepiness as a state refl ecting physiological sleep need (1). Other terms used in addition to sleepiness are sleep propensity and sleep tendency. Sleepiness is measured by how long it takes to fall asleep, with tests such as the Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) (2) and the Maintenance of Wakefulness Test (MWT) (3). Sleepiness is also measured by behaviour such as eye closing, yawning, specifi c head movement (bobbing), facial expressions, and performance in various psychomotor and cognitive tasks (4). In the subjective domain, measurements include various single-or multi-facetted sleepiness rating scales (5, 6) and scales assessing the tendency to fall asleep in various situations (7).Although sleepiness is a normal physiological state related to sleep need, in certain cases it can be a symptom of a serious disease or condition. In such cases the term pathological or excessive sleepiness is used. The American Academy of Sleep Medicine defi nes excessive sleepiness as sleepiness that occurs in situations when a person is expected to be awake and alert (8), which interferes with person's daily functioning such as work or school performance, cognitive functioning, mood, and social interaction.Empirical data indicate that sleepiness signifi cantly contributes to vehicle accidents and that mortality in these accidents is very high, especially in persons younger than 25 years (9-12). Furthermore, sleepiness at the workplace is associated with lower performance and greater risk of occupational accidents and injuries, especially in industrial operations and transportation services (10,(13)(14)(15). Shift workers run the greatest risk of sleepiness at the workplace because their working time often coincides with the time of the day when humans are biologically programmed to sleep. 24On the other hand, shift workers often sleep at the time when circadian factors promote wakefulness, which c...

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“…In young healthy adults, total sleep duration is associated with the nocturnal percentage of total daily melatonin production [50]. Haimov et al [25 ]found an association between poor sleep quality and lower peaks of melatonin secretion in elderly subjects and Riemann et al [51] showed the same association in adult insomniac patients. However, some authors did not observe any correlation between melatonin production and sleep quality in elderly insomniacs [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Associations between Endogenous Melatonin Production and Reported Sleep Duration from Childhood to Early Adulthood

et al. 2010

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Background/Aims: The study objective was to assess longitudinal associations between melatonin secretion and reported sleep duration from childhood to early adulthood. Methods: In the frame of the Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) Study, 24-hour melatonin secretion and average daily sleep duration were determined once during childhood (4–< 11 years), adolescence (11–<16 years) and early adulthood (16–19 years) in 52 participants (23 males/29 females) aged 4–19 years. The associations between (1) melatonin secretion and sleep duration in childhood (cross-sectional); (2) melatonin secretion in childhood and sleep duration in early adulthood (prospective), and (3) changes in melatonin secretion and concurrent changes in sleep duration from childhood to early adulthood (concurrent) were analyzed. Results: Melatonin secretion was associated with sleep duration in childhood (cross-sectional, 3.5 min/day/10 µg 6-hydroxymelatonin sulfate (6-OHMS)/day, p = 0.009) and tended to predict sleep duration in early adulthood (prospective, 9.8 min/day/10 µg 6-OHMS/day, p = 0.09). An individual increase in melatonin secretion between childhood and early adulthood was associated with a concurrent increase in sleep duration (concurrent, 6.9 min/day/10 µg 6-OHMS/day, p = 0.046). Conclusion: Our observational data suggest that pineal production of melatonin in childhood is correlated with alterations in sleep duration until early adulthood. Nevertheless, this observational evidence needs to be verified in clinical studies.

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Nocturnal cortisol and melatonin secretion in primary insomnia

Cited by 161 publications

References 25 publications

Objective short sleep duration is associated with the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in insomnia

Objective short sleep duration is associated with the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in insomnia

Regulation of Sleepiness: The Role of the Arousal System

Longitudinal Associations between Endogenous Melatonin Production and Reported Sleep Duration from Childhood to Early Adulthood

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