Nocardial Infections in Renal Transplant Recipients

Wilson, Jo P.; Turner, Helen R; Kirchner, Kent A.; Chapman, Stanley W.

doi:10.1097/00005792-198901000-00003

Cited by 191 publications

(162 citation statements)

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“…However, it was not until the retrospective analysis by Presant (434). These and other more recent reviews have suggested that nocardiosis is an increasingly recognized cause of opportunistic infection that may be associated with a variety of underlying disorders, receipt of chemotherapeutic agents, or both (41,43,124,641).…”

Section: Nocardia Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prior treatment with corticosteroids, cytotoxic agents, or both appears to be an important risk factor for the development of this infection. In particular, invasive pulmonary nocardiosis has been reported to occur in renal (16,28,33,97,249,257,328,355,424,641) (177,178,251,442,540,612). Pregnant women may also rarely develop nocardiosis (76,430 (124).…”

Section: Epidemiologic Aspects Of Infection In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Disseminated nocardiosis is often a late-presenting and potentially life-threatening infection. It is most frequently endogenous (i.e., secondary to bloodstream spread) from a primary pulmonary infection (128,407,434,568,641). However, very rarely, it may result from a primary nonpulmonary (cutaneous) infection (551).…”

Section: Epidemiologic Aspects Of Infection In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In patients with primary pulmonary nocardiosis, the development of a disseminated infection may result in brain and skin lesions and invariably has a significant adverse effect on the patient's prognosis. Disseminated nocardiosis has a poor prognosis, with a mortality rate of 7 to 44% (43,434,641). In severely immunocompromised patients, the mortality rate may be higher than 85% (457).…”

Section: Epidemiologic Aspects Of Infection In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent reviews of invasive nocardial infections in high-risk, severely immunocompromised patients, including VOL. 7,1994 364 McNEIL AND BROWN renal transplant patients (249,300,328,641), cardiac transplant recipients (305,545), liver transplant recipients (173,465), patients with carcinomatosis (53), and patients with HIV infection (274, 289), have been published.…”

Section: Epidemiologic Aspects Of Infection In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The medically important aerobic actinomycetes: epidemiology and microbiology

1994

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The aerobic actinomycetes are soil-inhabiting microorganisms that occur worldwide. In 1888, Nocard first recognized the pathogenic potential of this group of microorganisms. Since then, several aerobic actinomycetes have been a major source of interest for the commercial drug industry and have proved to be extremely useful microorganisms for producing novel antimicrobial agents. They have also been well known as potential veterinary pathogens affecting many different animal species. The medically important aerobic actinomycetes may cause significant morbidity and mortality, in particular in highly susceptible severely immunocompromised patients, including transplant recipients and patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. However, the diagnosis of these infections may be difficult, and effective antimicrobial therapy may be complicated by antimicrobial resistance. The taxonomy of these microorganisms has been problematic. In recent revisions of their classification, new pathogenic species have been recognized. The development of additional and more reliable diagnostic tests and of a standardized method for antimicrobial susceptibility testing and the application of molecular techniques for the diagnosis and subtyping of these microorganisms are needed to better diagnose and treat infected patients and to identify effective control measures for these unusual pathogens. We review the epidemiology and microbiology of the major medically important aerobic actinomycetes.

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Section: Nocardia Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Epidemiologic Aspects Of Infection In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Epidemiologic Aspects Of Infection In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Epidemiologic Aspects Of Infection In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Epidemiologic Aspects Of Infection In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The medically important aerobic actinomycetes: epidemiology and microbiology

1994

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Nocardiaand other Aerobic Actinomycetes

Conville

Witebsky

2010

Topley &Amp; Wilson's Microbiology and Microbial Infections

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Disseminated nocardiosis diagnosed by fine needle aspiration biopsy: Quick and accurate diagnostic approach

et al. 2006

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Nocardia is an uncommon pathogen in immunocompetent patients; however, it has been increasingly recognized as a significant opportunistic pathogen in organ transplant patients. Diagnosis of Nocardiosis is usually made by microbiologic culture or cytologic examination of pulmonary specimens including, sputum, and brushing/washings or by histologic evaluation of tissue biopsy material. We report a case of subcutaneous Nocardiosis diagnosed by Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNA). The patient is a 66-year-old man with a history of lung transplantation and posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder who presented with subcutaneous masses in the right upper arm and the left shoulder. FNA was performed in an outpatient clinic setting, with immediate morphologic assessment revealing filamentous branching organisms suspicious for Nocardiosis. Subsequent examination with special stains and microbiologic culture confirmed the diagnosis. The quick and accurate diagnosis by FNA led to emergent and appropriate treatment.

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Nocardial Infections in Renal Transplant Recipients

Cited by 191 publications

References 0 publications

The medically important aerobic actinomycetes: epidemiology and microbiology

The medically important aerobic actinomycetes: epidemiology and microbiology

Nocardiaand other Aerobic Actinomycetes

Disseminated nocardiosis diagnosed by fine needle aspiration biopsy: Quick and accurate diagnostic approach

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