Nocardia isolation from clinical samples with the paraffin baiting technique

Bafghi, Mehdi Fatahi; Heidarieh, Parvin; Soori, Tahereh; Saber, Siamak; Meysamie, Alipasha; Gheitoli, Khavar; Habibnia, Shadi; Nasab, Masoumeh Rasouli; Eshraghi, Seyyed Saeed

doi:10.11599/germs.2015.1066

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The incubation time, however, must be unconventionally longer and superimposed infection by Gram-negative bacteria is common 38 (approximately 90 hours and aeruginosa in our case, respectively). Therefore, microbiology laboratory should be informed when nocardiosis is clinically suspected in order to adequately employ the proper growth medium (Loewenstein-Jensen) 39 and decontamination techniques (paraffin baiting) 40. In contrast, the 16S rDNA sequence analysis may greatly speed up this cumbersome process 26.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nocardiosis in Kidney Disease Patients under Immunosuppressive Therapy: Case Report and Literature Review

Wang

Yun

Chu³

et al. 2019

Int. J. Med. Sci.

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The increased use of novel and powerful immunosuppressive drugs in kidney diseases may concomitantly expose the patients to higher risk of opportunistic infections, some of which still remain underdiagnosed thus mishandled. As such, we recently had a less prepared encounter of pulmonary nocardial infection in an ANCA-associated renal vasculitis patient under steroid therapy. Despite the use of broad-spectrum antimicrobials including micafungin, the infection was still unbridled and eventually culminated in lethal brain abscess. We thus chose to renew the knowledge of the clinical features, imaging manifestations, differential diagnosis, specific laboratory tests and unique treatment about this rare infection in kidney diseases patients under immunosuppressive therapy. In addition, CT images of easily confused pulmonary lesions superimposed on kidney diseases were also retrieved from our depository. Moreover, impaired renal function as a risk factor for infection and pharmacological options for the treatment were also focused. By sharing our hard-learnt experience and reviewing the literatures, our report may contribute to the awareness among the clinicians in general and nephrologists in particular of this rare disease in susceptible patients and facilitate a swift thus life-saving treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nocardiosis in Kidney Disease Patients under Immunosuppressive Therapy: Case Report and Literature Review

Wang

Yun

Chu³

et al. 2019

Int. J. Med. Sci.

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“…Other reports have shown N. cyriacigeorgica, N. asteroides complex, N. nova complex, N. otitidiscaviarum, and N. transvalensis in Iran (10)(11)(12)(13). The prevalence of Nocardial infections in another study was 5.28% (6). Recognition of Nocardia to species level is important for the four reasons: definitive and accurate identification, predicting antimicrobial susceptibility, epidemiological purposes, and effec-tive treatment (14)(15)(16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Nocardia species are the causes of a variety of infections in humans that include cutaneous, pulmonary, ocular, cerebral, and systemic nocardiosis (5) and human is infected through aerosols or scratch (5). Since the growth of Nocardia is very slow and it may be covered by normal microflora and other rapidly growing bacteria, the isolation can be difficult (6). Antibacterial therapy of Nocardia infections depends on the organ or site and correct diagnosis of Nocardia species (7,8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Identification of Nocardia Strains from the Soil by hsp65 Gene: Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) and Analysis of Sequence 16S rRNA Gene

Nasab

Habibnia

Heidarieh

et al. 2018

Arch Clin Infect Dis

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Background: Nocardia species are nocardiosis agents particularly in immune disorder patients with the clinical manifestations including fatigue, malaise, weight loss, cough, and dyspnoea. Due to time -consuming bacterial culture and insufficient phenotypic tests alone, rapid molecular assays for the diagnosis of Nocardia are essential. The primary objective of this study was the analysis of the polymerase chain reaction -restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR -RFLP) and PCR sequencing of 16S rRNA gene for the identification and differentiation of Nocardia species. Methods: 32 Nocardia isolates were identified by single digestion of 441 -nt fragments of the 65 -heat -shock protein gene with endonucleases BstEII, MspI, and HinfI and sequencing of 16S rRNA gene. These isolates were collected from the soil of various geographical regions of Iran by paraffin baiting technique in our previous study. Results: Some of the isolates had new patterns that were not identified by PCR -RFLP of hsp65 gene in literature; therefore, they were identified by sequence analysis of 16S rRNA gene. Six strains of Nocardia with new DNA banding patterns in PCR -RFLP of hsp65 (A and B) could not be identified by their hsp65 restriction -endonucleases fragment patterns. Strain En49 after analysis of sequencing data was recognized as Nocardia coubleae, which its PCR -RFLP profile of hsp65 has not been reported in the literature so far. Conclusions:The PCR -RFLP -hsp65 is faster than other sequencing-based techniques, but species accurate identification in strains with new PCR -RFLP profiles is not possible. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing is a suitable method to determine the percent similarity and phylogenetic relationships of Nocardia species.

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“…Then based on the abstract evaluation, 55 articles were excluded (3 review articles, 27 case reports, 8 letters to the editor, and 17 were related to non-clinical Nocardia specimens). So, according to quality assessment criteria and inclusion/exclusion criteria data, a remaining 20 most-related articles were included in present study [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. Among 20 articles involving a total of 338 Nocardia isolates, the prevalence of Nocardia spp.…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotypic and phenotypic prevalence of Nocardia species in Iran: First systematic review and meta-analysis of data accumulated over years 1992-2021

et al. 2021

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Background Nocardia species belong to the aerobic actinomycetes group of bacteria which are gram-positive and partially acid-fast Bacilli. These bacteria may sometimes be associated with nosocomial infections. Nocardia diseases are not required to be reported to public health authorities in Iran. Hence, the present study was designed to determine the prevalence of human Nocardia spp. in Iran by using a systematic review and meta-analysis according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-Analyses statement. Methods The data of the prevalence of Nocardia species were collected from databases such as Embase, PubMed/MEDLINE via Ovid, Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar as well as national Iranian databases, including SID, Magiran. Analyses were conducted by STATA 14.0. Results The meta-analyses showed that the proportion of Nocardia spp. in Iranian studies varied from 1.71(1.17, 2.24) to 0.46(0.09, 0.83). N. asteroides (21% [95% CI 1.17, 2.24]), N. cyriacigeorgica (17% [95% CI 0.99, 1.77]), N. facanica (10% [95% CI 0.75, 1.00]) were considered to be common causative agents. Conclusions Our study presents that despite the fact that Nocardia spp. are normally are saprophytic organisms, are currently accounts as emerging pathogens due to an increase in immunocompromised patients among Iranian populations. Considering our results, the establishment of advanced diagnostic facilities for the rapid detection of Nocardia infections are required for optimal therapeutic strategies of Nocardia spp. in Iran. Our findings could help the programmatic management of the disease within the context of Nocardia control programs.

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Nocardia isolation from clinical samples with the paraffin baiting technique

Abstract: In the present study, the use of the paraffin baiting technique appeared to be more effective than other methods for Nocardia isolation from various clinical specimens.

Cited by 18 publications

References 21 publications

Nocardiosis in Kidney Disease Patients under Immunosuppressive Therapy: Case Report and Literature Review

Nocardiosis in Kidney Disease Patients under Immunosuppressive Therapy: Case Report and Literature Review

Molecular Identification of Nocardia Strains from the Soil by hsp65 Gene: Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) and Analysis of Sequence 16S rRNA Gene

Genotypic and phenotypic prevalence of Nocardia species in Iran: First systematic review and meta-analysis of data accumulated over years 1992-2021

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