Nocardia harenae, an uncommon causative organism of mycetoma: report on two patients

Kresch-Tronik, Nicole S.; Carrillo-Casas, Erika M.; Arenas, Roberto; Atoche, Carlos; Ochoa-Carrera, Luis A.; Xicohtencatl‐Cortes, Juan; Manjarrez-Hernández, Ángel; Hernández‐Castro, Rigoberto

doi:10.1099/jmm.0.042044-0

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Since we only focused on studies reporting more than 10 cases per study, we missed the many species named in case reports. Other bacterial species implicated in mycetoma are Actinomadura latina , Gordonia terrae , Nocardia farcinica , Nocardia harenae , Nocardia mexicana , Nocardia transvalensis , Nocardia veterana , Nocardia yamanashiensis , Nocardiopsis dassonvillei and Streptomyces sudanensis [1], [14], [75], [76], [77], [78], [79], [80], [81], [82], [83]. Other fungal species implicated in mycetoma are Acremonium recifei , Cladophialophora bantiana , Corynespora cassiicola , Curvularia geniculata , Diaporthe phaseolorum , Fusarium oxysporum , Gibberella fujikuroi (synonym: Fusarium monoliforme ), Haematonectria haematococca (synonym: Fusarium solani ), Ilyonectria destructans (synonym: Cylindrocarpon destructans ), Falciformispora tompkinsii (synonym: Leptosphaeria tompkinsii ), Madurella fahalii , Madurella pseudomycetomatis , Madurella tropicana , Microsporum canis , Phaeoacremonium parasiticum , Phialophora cyanescens (synonym: Cylindrocarpon cyanescens ), Phialophora verrucosa , Pleurostomophora ochracea , Pseudochaetosphaeronema larense , Rhinocladiella atrovirens , Sarocladium kiliense (synonym: Acremonium kiliense ), Setosphaeria rostrata (synonym: Exserohilum rostrata ) [1], [15], [16], [84], [85], [86], [87], [88], [89], [90], [91], [92], [93], [94], [95], [96], [97], [98].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Burden of Human Mycetoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2013

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Mycetoma is a chronic infectious disease of the subcutaneous tissue with a high morbidity. This disease has been reported from countries between 30°N and 15°S since 1840 but the exact burden of disease is not known. It is currently unknown what the incidence, prevalence and the number of reported cases per year per country is. In order to estimate what the global burden of mycetoma is, a meta-analysis was performed. In total 50 studies were included, which resulted in a total of 8763 mycetoma cases. Most cases were found in men between 11 and 40 years of age. The foot was most commonly affected. Most cases were reported from Mexico, Sudan and India. Madurella mycetomatis was the most prevalent causative agent world-wide, followed by Actinomadura madurae, Streptomyces somaliensis, Actinomadura pelletieri, Nocardia brasiliensis and Nocardia asteroides. Although this study represents a first indication of the global burden on mycetoma, the actual burden is probably much higher. In this study only cases reported to literature could be used and most of these cases were found by searching archives from a single hospital in a single city of that country. By erecting (inter)national surveillance programs a more accurate estimation of the global burden on mycetoma can be obtained.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Burden of Human Mycetoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2013

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“…Molecular biology techniques such as PCR and sequencing of 16S rRNA and the hsp65 gene allow the correct identification and classification of Nocardia species [13]. For example, N. mexicana , N. harenae , and N. takedensis were isolated from Mexican patients [34], [35], [36]. The second most common causative agent was A. madurae ; distributed worldwide [11], which is easily identified due to the larger (1–3 mm) white-yellowish, soft, wide-fringed border grains.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycetoma: Experience of 482 Cases in a Single Center in Mexico

et al. 2014

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Mycetoma is a chronic granulomatous disease. It is classified into eumycetoma caused by fungi and actinomycetoma due to filamentous actinomycetes. Mycetoma can be found in geographic areas in close proximity to the Tropic of Cancer. Mexico is one of the countries in which this disease is highly endemic. In this retrospective study we report epidemiologic, clinical and microbiologic data of mycetoma observed in the General Hospital of Mexico in a 33 year-period (1980 to 2013). A total of 482 cases were included which were clinical and microbiology confirmed. Four hundred and forty four cases (92.11%) were actinomycetomas and 38 cases (7.88%) were eumycetomas. Most patients were agricultural workers; there was a male predominance with a sex ratio of 3∶1. The mean age was 34.5 years old (most ranged from 21 to 40 years). The main affected localization was lower and upper limbs (70.74% and 14.52% respectively). Most of the patients came from humid tropical areas (Morelos, Guerrero and Hidalgo were the regions commonly reported). The main clinical presentation was as tumor-like soft tissue swelling with draining sinuses (97.1%). Grains were observed in all the cases. The principal causative agents for actinomycetoma were: Nocardia brasiliensis (78.21%) and Actinomadura madurae (8.7%); meanwhile, for eumycetomas: Madurella mycetomatis and Scedosporium boydii (synonym: Pseudallescheria boydii) were identified. This is a single-center, with long-follow up, cross-sectional study that allows determining the prevalence and characteristics of mycetoma in different regions of Mexico.

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“…Etiological agents of actinomycetoma include Nocardia brasiliensis , N. asteroides , N. caviae , N. farcinica , N. transvalensis , N. dassonvillei , N. mexicana , N. veterana , Actinomadura madurae , A. pelletieri , A. latina , Streptomyces somaliensis , and S. sudanensis . New species of Nocardia that have been reported to cause actinomycetoma are N. harenae and N. takedensis [5] , [6] .…”

Section: Actinomycetomamentioning

confidence: 99%