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AbstractPurpose -The purpose of this paper is to develop and validate a measure of employee basic assumptions about guests and co-workers in the hospitality industry. Design/methodology/approach -Data were collected from two independent samples using self-administrated questionnaires and analysed using correlational and reliability analyses, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, and one-way ANOVA. Findings -The analyses identified two dimensions of basic assumptions about guests, control and affect. Assumptions about co-workers also consisted of two main dimensions termed responsibility and competence. The results showed that assumptions about guest control positively correlated with subjective job performance; assumptions about guest affect and co-worker competence positively correlated with organisational commitment and job satisfaction; and assumptions about co-worker responsibility positively correlated with intentions to stay with the organisation.Research limitations/implications -The findings are based on a limited sample of service employees. Even though hospitality employees' basic assumptions about guests and co-workers are validated in a service context, the suggested conceptualisation still needs a more comprehensive validation. Assumptions about competitors may be important determinants of hospitality employees' behaviour towards guests, and such assumptions should be analysed in future studies. Originality/value -The present study is the first to investigate simultaneously assumptions about guests and co-workers in a hospitality environment and the effect that such assumptions have on outcome variables. Altogether, the study demonstrates that basic assumptions may be a viable construct for HR management. They are easily identifiable and related to employee job satisfaction, job performance, organisational commitment, and staff turnover intentions.