NO_x Removal Using Ammonia Radicals Prepared by Intermittent Dielectric Barrier Discharge at Atmospheric Pressure

Abstract

A relationship is established between the king model in a random positive and negative magnetic field on a lattice with p =f. At T = O each percolation cluster gives rise to a first-order transition at a different value of the field. There is a significant difference in behaviour between lattices for which p , < f which have an infinite cluster, and p c > i which do not. By considering the Bethe lattice and allowing the coordination number to become large, the results of the mean field approximation are reproduced. The above considerations do not apply to a Gaussian distribution of fields, and the absence of a first-order transition can be understood in this case. Since large clusters overturn for small fields there are clear indications of metastable behaviour. Grinstein G andMa S 1982 Phys. Rev. Lett. 49 685 Hilbert D and Cohn-Vossen S 1952 Geometry and the Imagination (New York: Chelsea) Letter to the Editor Imry Y 1983 Sratphys. 15, Proc. Edinburgh Conf on Statistical Mechanics, JSrat. Phys. in press Morgenstern I, Binder K and Hornreich R M 1981 Phys. Rev. B 23 287 Niemi A 1982 Phys. Rev. Lett. 49 1808 Parisi G and Sourlas N 1979 Phys. Rev. Lett. 43 744 Pytte E, Imry Y and Mukamel D 1981 Phys. Rev. Lett. 46 1173 Schneider T and Pytte E 1977 Phys. Rev. B 15 1519 Schwartz M 1983 Tel Aviv University Preprint Schwartz M, Shapir Y and Aharony A 1983 Tel Aviv University Preprint Young A P 1977 J. Phys. C: Solid Stare Phys. 10 L257

Characteristics of NOx Removal Combining Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma with Selective Catalytic Reduction by C3H6

“…Recently, a number of studies on NO x removal are concentrated on the dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma combined with SCR, and have shown significant NO x removal rate. 1,3,5,6,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16] In DBD, high-energetic electrons and highactive particles as O and N are obtained. 17) High-active particles as O can effectively promote the oxidation of NO to NO 2 to contribute to the NO x removal.…”

Continuous operation of commercial-scale plasma–chemical aftertreatment system of smoke tube boiler emission with oxidation reduction potential and pH control

“…However, the direct application of nonthermal plasma to treat NO x is not effective because the temperature of flue gas exceeds 300°C and the gas volume is extremely large. As alternative methods for the oxidization and reduction of NO, radical injection methods have been investigated using ozone (O 3 ), ammonia (NH 3 ), nitrogen (N 2 ), and a methane (CH 4 ) and N 2 mixture; these are generated by the indirect plasma (often referred to as remote plasma) in both laboratory-scale and pilot-scale experiments [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. An advantage of the indirect plasma technique is that radicals can be externally produced at ambient temperature and pressure, and injected into the hot flue gas.…”

Optimum Conditions for NO Reduction Using Intermittent Dielectric Barrier Discharge at Atmospheric Pressure

“…[8][9][10][11][12] The radical injector is compact, and the system can easily change in scale by the multiple setting of the radical injector. As a power source for generating plasma in the radical injector, an intermittent one-cycle sinusoidal (OCS) output has been used to find an appropriate discharge condition for efficient use of the power source.…”

“…We have developed a radical injection NO x removal system, in which ammonia radicals are generated by DBD in a separate chamber (radical injector) and then injected into a reaction chamber. [8][9][10][11][12] The radical injector is compact, and the system can easily change in scale by the multiple setting of the radical injector. As a power source for generating plasma in the radical injector, an intermittent one-cycle sinusoidal (OCS) output has been used to find an appropriate discharge condition for efficient use of the power source.…”