No Stranger in the Bushes: The Ambiguity of Consent and Rape in Hook up Culture

Swauger, Melissa; Witham, Dana Hysock; Shinberg, Diane S.

doi:10.1007/s11199-012-0251-2

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The program consisted of 18-20 hours of training for PEs led by a violence prevention expert to expose men (using a male-on-female victim empathy video) to what women might feel after experiencing rape and the more complex ways sexual violence is often framed and understood in the society. The video, which examined issues that are often dismissed as shameful, induced dialogues about sexual assault, consent, legal rights, and the politics surrounding gender violence (Swauger, Witham, & Shinberg, 2013). PEs learned how to help and support rape survivors and ways they could intervene in a potential rape situation.…”

Section: "One In Four and Beyond" Program Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing a comprehensive approach to prevent sexual violence on campus: Implications for program improvement

Ejikeme

Powell-Threets

Bayo

et al. 2017

JGPHA

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Background: On college campuses, sexual violence (or sexual assault) is at epidemic proportions. As many as one in four college women experience sexual assaults, most of which are not reported, likely due to the adverse reactions stemming from social norms and attitudes about rape. To prevent sexual violence on college campuses, the multi-level factors influencing it necessitate implementation of a holistic approach channeled at all levels. The present multi-method study assessed the feasibility and effectiveness of a peer educator (PE)-facilitated program implemented as part of a comprehensive sexual assault prevention program in three small Georgia colleges.Methods: Student participants (N=128) were questioned on their attitude toward rape myths, intention to rape, and likelihood to intervene in a potential rape situation. Paired t-tests for pre-/post-test scores assessed statistical differences in mean levels of outcomes at the data collection points. In addition, a qualitative assessment explored the feasibility of implementing, on campus, a long-duration program for prevention of sexual violence. Results:The findings indicated that, after exposure to the program, participants demonstrated decreased rape myth beliefs and intention to commit rape and an increased likelihood to intervene in a potential rape situation. In addition, apart from attaining regular student attendance in the 10-week sessions of the program, implementation of the "One on Four & Beyond" program proved to be feasible. Conclusions:This preliminary, multi-approach study suggests the effectiveness of a school PE-facilitated prevention program as a component of a comprehensive approach in reducing sexual violence on campus. Future studies are necessary to enhance understanding of the impact of the program.

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Section: "One In Four and Beyond" Program Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing a comprehensive approach to prevent sexual violence on campus: Implications for program improvement

Ejikeme

Powell-Threets

Bayo

et al. 2017

JGPHA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…While gender and sex-role socialization begins at infancy, there is a critical period when socialization manifests into strongly held beliefs and values. Swauger, Witham, and Shinberg (2013) found that by the age of 14, sexual attitudes are consistently and strongly held within an individual's social consciousness. Similarly, Cowan and Campbell (1995) argued that rape supportive beliefs are generally formed before adulthood is reached.…”

Section: The Need For Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the feminist perspective, sexual violence results from male socialization and conditioning that maintain patriarchal ideals of masculine dominance and power (Burt, 1980;Bowley & Lawrence, 1995;Gidycz & Kelley, 2016). Sociocultural theorists express that rape is representative of a larger phenomenon where women are subordinate, therefore sexual violence is accepted as normal (Cowan & Campbell, 1995;Mulliken, 2006;Swauger, Witham, & Shinberg, 2013). This type of victim blaming ideology alongside attitudes about rape that are accepting of these myths are commonly held my both men and women.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Males overwhelmingly adhere to more rape myths than females, particularly ones that place the responsibility of an assault on the victim (Berkowitz, Burkhart, & Bourg, 1994;Fetley, Ainslie, & Geib, 1991;Frese, Moya, & Megia, 2004;Hayes, Abbott, & Cook, 2016;Lanier & Green, 2006;Marciniak, 1998;Paul & Gray, 2011;Proto-Campise, Belknap, & Wooldredge, 1998;Smith & Wilchans, 2000;Swauger, Witham, & Shinberg, 2013;Xenos & Smith, 2001). In their study of 608 Australian teenagers, Xenos and Smith, (2001) found that similar to studies of American students, males were more likely to associate the length and commitment of a relationship to sexual access and a man's "right" to have sex with a woman.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Women are demeaned and commonly seen as sexual objects, thus the abuse of them is justified and blame is attributed to victims of them (Swauger, Witham, & Shinberg, 2013). While traditional, gendered beliefs are not accepted by all males, there is a significant proportion of males that have been conditioned to accept these attitudes and make decisions based off them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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