No smoking here: values, norms and culture in multi-agent systems

Dechesne, Francien; Tosto, Gennaro Di; Dignum, Virginia; Dignum, Frank

doi:10.1007/s10506-012-9128-5

Cited by 40 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Dutch culture is also a typical example of a "feminine" cooperative culture, according to Hofstede's research, meaning that negotiation and compromise are considered more appropriate than conflict. The combination of high individualism and high feminism has been proposed as an explanation for why the Dutch smoking ban in bars rested on the assumption that smoking customers would be cooperative, complying for the benefit of the employer who would be fined for non-compliance (feminine value orientation), while resistance to the ban reflected a high individualistic value orientation (Dechesne, Dignum, & Dignum, 2013).…”

Section: Cultural Valuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Social and Cultural Environment

Willemsen

2018

Tobacco Control Policy in the Netherlands

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Policy is not made in a vacuum. Disputes over tobacco control are fought within changing policy environments. This chapter explores key population-level factors that influence a national government's decision to adopt tobacco control policy measures. These factors include social norms about smoking, the proportion of smokers in the population, societal support for tobacco control, and cultural values. These factors are interrelated in a specific way and to understand this, we will take a short detour into what is sometimes called "system thinking in tobacco control." Ten years ago, the US National Cancer Institute (NCI) published a monograph on this topic (Best, Clark, Leichow, & Trochim, 2007), which acknowledged the complexity of tobacco control at the national level, involving as it does the interplay of factors over long periods of time, including feedback loops. According to experts from the NCI, a government's willingness to acknowledge and address the smoking problem follows from its level of awareness that tobacco is a problem, and from the balance of lobbying forces that propose or hold back policy solutions. A government's awareness of the problems associated with tobacco is further affected by specific population factors that are amenable to change. A country's smoking rate is one of these: as long as the proportion of smokers is high, the government is more likely to be aware that there is a public health risk that needs to be addressed. Changes in the number of smokers also affect public support for tobacco control, which increases when adult smoking rates go

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Section: Cultural Valuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Social and Cultural Environment

Willemsen

2018

Tobacco Control Policy in the Netherlands

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“…The other way around, design requirements are in place for the sake of a norm, and a norm is in place for the sake of a value. In the field of normative multi-agent systems, the use of values has been explored by [3], [4] and [7]. First, [3] describes the interaction between system norms -norms that are imposed on the agents by a system-, actions that are regulated by those norms, and personal values of the agents that are being promoted or demoted by those actions.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, we express the need to further explore the way values and norms interact to determine collective and individual action. Second, [4] argues that a value can be seen as a preference that can be discussed and debated. They describe norms to constitute a link between values and behavior, where norms serve this value.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Values

Pigmans

Aldewereld

Dignum

et al. 2017

Coordination, Organizations, Institutions, and Norms in Agent Systems XII

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Abstract. Decision-making processes involving multiple stakeholders can be rather cumbersome, turbulent and lengthy. The stance of some stakeholders, upholding their individual interests, can slowdown or even block such processes. Recent research suggests that a focus on the values of the stakeholders could benefit those decision-making processes. However, the role of the values is not yet fully understood. To investigate the interaction between values, norms, and resulting actions in decision-making processes, we introduce a conceptual model to explore the relations between these concepts. The conceptual model presented in this paper is a first step towards a framework to model decision-making processes with the aim of understanding the role that values play in decision-making processes.

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“…The field of AI and law (Sartor and Rotolo 2013;Bench-Capon et al 2012) deals with simulation of norms and their emergence (Aubert and Müller 2013;Dechesne et al 2013;Lotzmann et al 2013). Pioneering work regarding taxes occurs in ''Taxman'' (McCarty 1977) and more recently in tax non-compliance modeling of real estate policy (Boer and Engers 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detecting tax evasion: a co-evolutionary approach

et al. 2016

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We present an algorithm that can anticipate tax evasion by modeling the co-evolution of tax schemes with auditing policies. Malicious tax non-compliance, or evasion, accounts for billions of lost revenue each year. Unfortunately when tax administrators change the tax laws or auditing procedures to eliminate known fraudulent schemes another potentially more profitable scheme takes it place. Modeling both the tax schemes and auditing policies within a single framework can therefore provide major advantages. In particular we can explore the likely forms of tax schemes in response to changes in audit policies. This can serve as an early warning system to help focus enforcement efforts. In addition, the audit policies can be fine tuned to help improve tax scheme detection. We demonstrate our approach using the iBOB tax scheme and show it can capture the co-evolution between tax evasion and audit policy. Our experiments shows the expected oscillatory behavior of a biological co-evolving system.

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No smoking here: values, norms and culture in multi-agent systems

Cited by 40 publications

References 11 publications

The Social and Cultural Environment

The Social and Cultural Environment

The Role of Values

Detecting tax evasion: a co-evolutionary approach

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