No Relations and Relations of Strength Zero in the Theory of Structural Balance

Morrissette, Julian O.; Jahnke, John C.

doi:10.1177/001872676702000207

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…(As indicated in the table, where thr number of cases was sufficient to do so, x2 was computed to show that the frequrncy distributions werr not the results of mere chance?) 7 0 n the problem of the zero orientation see Morrissette and Jahnke (1967) and Truzzi (1970, 8 Expected frequencies for all x2 computations were for one third of the cases in each of the three (positive, zero, and negative) cells. Statistical pp.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An empirical examination of attitude consistency in complex cognitive structures

Truzzi

1973

Syst. Res.

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Though much consideration has been given to the problem of cognitive consistency in simple, triadic structures, very little empirical work has been done with complex cognitive structures. The formulations about structural balance first outlined by Cartwright and Harary are examined and the predictions stemming from their model are applied to an empirical case study. Subjects were measured on their orientations toward four value statements. They were then shown the orientations toward these same value statements by fictitious other students toward whom they were then asked to indicate their orientations. The results indicated that the structural balance model predicted effectively for cases where maximum balance would result from a positive orientation of the Subject to his paired Other; but results failed to support the model where negative attraction was predicted. The results are discussed in relation to the theoretical difference between F Heider and T. M. Newcomb over the effects of negative attraction. Gu3INCE THE first systematic development of S cognitive consistency theory in the writings of Fritz Heider (1946; 195S), a voluminous literature has developed attempting to expand and apply his early concept,ualizations.2 Most of these extensions of Heider's model have concerned themselves with the specification of attitude changes within simple triadic cognitive structures with differences not only in sign (valence) but in the strength of relations (the quantity of positive or negative orientation betwcen the subject and the object toward which he is oriented). Concern with strength of rdations, however, is only one extension of Heider's model; another is the application of this simple model not just to triadic cognitive structures but to more elaborate, complex structures.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Berger, Cohen, Snell, and Zelditch (1962), J. Morrissette (1958), Morrissette and ,Jahnke (1967), and rtforrissette, Jahnke and Baker (1966), N. T. Feather (1966;, and I.…”

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confidence: 99%

An empirical examination of attitude consistency in complex cognitive structures

Truzzi

1973

Syst. Res.

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“…We then introduce Conflict Triangles (CT): a new measure that follows these principles. The CT measure is consistent with the principles of faultline theory (Lau and Murnighan, 1998) and is founded on the extensive work on the balance of social structures (Cartwright and Harary, 1956, Easley and Kleinberg, 2010, Heider, 1958, Morrissette and Jahnke, 1967. We then use this measure as the objective function for the problem of partitioning a given population into teams, such that the average faultline score per team is minimized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

A team-formation algorithm for faultline minimization

Bahargam

Golshan

Lappas

et al. 2019

Expert Systems with Applications

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In recent years, the proliferation of online resumes and the need to evaluate large populations of candidates for on-site and virtual teams have led to a growing interest in automated team-formation. Given a large pool of candidates, the general problem requires the selection of a team of experts to complete a given task. Surprisingly, while ongoing research has studied numerous variations with different constraints, it has overlooked a factor with a well-documented impact on team cohesion and performance: team faultlines. Addressing this gap is challenging, as the available measures for faultlines in existing teams cannot be efficiently applied to faultline optimization. In this work, we meet this challenge with a new measure that can be efficiently used for both faultline measurement and minimization. We then use the measure to solve the problem of automatically partitioning a large population into low-faultline teams. By introducing faultlines to the team-formation literature, our work creates exciting opportunities for algorithmic work on faultline optimization, as well as on work that combines and studies the connection of faultlines with other influential team characteristics.

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“…More generally, they can be used to model any system containing two types of antithetical relationships (like/dislike, for/against, similar/different...). A signed graph is considered structurally balanced if it can be partitioned into two [8] or more [15] clusters, such that positive links are located inside the clusters, and negatives ones are in-between them. For instance, in the case of a social network whose links represent like/dislike relationships, this amounts to having mutually hostile social groups with internal friendship.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple partitioning of multiplex signed networks

2020

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For more than a decade, graphs have been used to model the voting behavior taking place in parliaments. However, the methods described in the literature suffer from several limitations. The two main ones are that 1) they rely on some temporal integration of the raw data, which causes some information loss; and/or 2) they identify groups of antagonistic voters, but not the context associated to their occurrence. In this article, we propose a novel method taking advantage of multiplex signed graphs to solve both these issues. It consists in first partitioning separately each layer, before grouping these partitions by similarity. We show the interest of our approach by applying it to a European Parliament dataset.

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No Relations and Relations of Strength Zero in the Theory of Structural Balance

Cited by 9 publications

References 4 publications

An empirical examination of attitude consistency in complex cognitive structures

An empirical examination of attitude consistency in complex cognitive structures

A team-formation algorithm for faultline minimization

Multiple partitioning of multiplex signed networks

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