No obvious genetic erosion, but evident relict status at the westernmost range edge of the Pontic‐Pannonian steppe plant <i>Linum flavum</i> L. (Linaceae) in Central Europe

Plenk, Kristina; Bardy, Katharina; Höhn, Mária; Thiv, Mike; Kropf, Matthias

doi:10.1002/ece3.2990

Cited by 25 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…In addition to climatic differences, which undoubtedly exist between the regions, historical processes might be responsible for the observed floristic gradients, such as (i) delayed immigration of thermophilous species from glacial refugia in south-eastern Europe (Magyari et al 2010), or (ii) regional extinction of steppe species during the "mid-Holocene bottleneck" due to the spread of deciduous forests in some parts of central Europe, but survival of steppe in other parts (Pokorný et al 2015). Which of these factors plays the main role is not clear, but recent studies on the phylogeography of steppe species indicate that the second process is probably more important than previously thought (Kajtoch et al 2016, Plenk et al 2017.…”

Section: Geographically Vicariant Associations and The Limits Of Formmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formalized classification of semi-dry grasslands in central and eastern Europe

Willner¹,

Roleček²,

Korolyuk³

et al. 2019

Preslia

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S. (2019) Formalized classification of semi-dry grasslands in central and eastern Europe.-Preslia 91: 25-49 European semi-dry grasslands are among the most species-rich vegetation types in the northern hemisphere and form an important part of the habitat mosaics in the forest-steppe zone. However, there is no comprehensive evaluation of the variation in their composition and the phytosociological classification of these grasslands. For the syntaxonomic revision, we used a dataset of 34,173 vegetation plot records (relevés) from central and eastern Europe, which were assigned to the class Festuco-Brometea using the diagnostic species listed in the EuroVegChecklist. To determine the diagnostic species of the orders, we used a TWINSPAN classification of the whole dataset. Of the total dataset, 15,449 relevés were assigned to the order Brachypodietalia pinnati, which corresponds to semi-dry grasslands. This subset was again classified using TWINSPAN. Formal definitions of the following alliances were established: Mesobromion erecti, Cirsio-Brachypodion pinnati (incl. Fragario-Trifolion montani, Agrostio-Avenulion schellianae, Scabioso ochroleucae-Poion angustifoliae and Adonido vernalis-Stipion tirsae), Scorzonerion villosae and Chrysopogono-Danthonion. Another alliance, Armerion elongatae (= Koelerio-Phleion phleoidis p.p.), is transitional towards the class Koelerio-Corynephoretea and its status needs further evaluation. We also established formal definitions of all of the associations of Mesobromion and Cirsio-Brachypodion within the area studied. Associations were identified using (i) a TWINSPAN classification of the whole order, (ii) TWINSPAN classifications of regionally restricted data sets (usually all Brachypodietalia plots in one country) and (iii) existing national classification schemes. All formal definitions were written in the expert system language of the JUICE program. To obtain a more complete picture of the floristic similarities and gradients, we performed a DCA ordination of the associations. Our results revealed that meadow steppes in the forest-steppe zone in eastern Europe are very similar to semi-dry grasslands in central Europe.

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Section: Geographically Vicariant Associations and The Limits Of Formmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formalized classification of semi-dry grasslands in central and eastern Europe

Willner¹,

Roleček²,

Korolyuk³

et al. 2019

Preslia

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“…Focusing on the Central European distribution of Poa badensis, we defined a study transect (cf. Plenk et al 2017 ) crossing Central Hungary and the eastern parts of Lower Austria in the east, and reaching the (north)westernmost isolated occurrences of the species in Western Germany (Fig. 1 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Depending on the variability of the ancestral gene pool, as well as the probability of and time for accumulation of de novo mutations and/or effects of lineage sorting (Avise 2000 ), these relict populations could hold comparatively high levels of unique genetic diversity (cf. Schmitt and Varga 2012 ; Kajtoch et al 2016 ; Plenk et al 2017 ). The increasing isolation at the distributional periphery and the subsequently increasing genetic differentiation of populations due to genetic drift may have additionally led to high levels of regional genetic diversity; characteristics similar to those described by Hampe and Petit ( 2005 ) for ‘stable’ rear edge populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-term survival and successful conservation? Low genetic diversity but no evidence for reduced reproductive success at the north-westernmost range edge of Poa badensis (Poaceae) in Central Europe

et al. 2019

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Many steppe species reach their (north)westernmost distribution limit in western Central Europe. This also applies to Poa badensis , a rare steppe plant of calcareous rock/sand vegetation. To explore potential differences in reproductive success and genetic composition of peripheral populations, we analysed the absolute (north)westernmost occurrences in Western Germany and populations at the western margin (Eastern Austria) and the centre (Central Hungary) of the Pannonicum, representing a part of the continuous range. Specifically, we discuss the genetic and reproductive constitution of the (north)westernmost exclave and draw conclusions on the species’ biogeographical and conservation history in this region. Therefore, we used two independent molecular marker systems (AFLPs, cpDNA sequences) and a set of performance parameters. Overall, lowest regional genetic diversity was found in Western Germany, which is mainly a result of the specific history of two populations. However, this low genetic diversity was not accompanied by reduced reproductive success. The Eastern Austrian populations showed reduced genetic diversity and predominantly reduced performance, interpreted as a consequence of small population sizes. Central Hungarian populations showed the overall highest genetic diversity and comparatively high performance values. We observed high admixture and haplotype sharing between Austrian and Hungarian populations, indicating gene flow among these regions. In contrast, we interpreted the increased population differentiation within, and the clear distinctiveness of the German exclave as a long-term isolation of these (north)westernmost occurrences. Our results, overall, prove the good constitution of these populations and, together with their particular biogeographical history, highlight their conservation value. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s10531-019-01722-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…The median-joining model implemented to investigate the evolutionary relationships between haplotypes in NETWORK 4.6.1.2 [31]. To estimate the degree, genetic differentiation was performed by the molecular variance (AMOVA) analysis according to Arlequin V3.5 software [32]. The population genetic structure was analysed as described previously.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity of Herpetospermum caudigerum (Ser.) Baill using AFLP and chloroplast microsatellites

Pei

Jiang

et al. 2019

Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment

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Herpetospermum caudigerum (Ser.) Baillis is an endangered species found in high altitude regions of Tibet in China. In this work, its genetic diversity and genetic structure were investigated based on nuclear and chloroplast DNA. A total of 426 fragments were scored using 10 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) primer combinations, and from these, 256 fragments (60.7%) were polymorphic and could differentiate these populations. The dendrogram revealed that populations from different altitude have rich genetic diversities (Ht ¼ 0.156, Hs ¼ 0.111, Gst ¼ 0.287 and Nm ¼ 1.618). The averages of the number of alleles (Na), effective number of alleles (Ne), Nei's genetic diversity (H) and Shannon's index (I) were 1.352, 1.188, 0.111 and 0.168, respectively. In addition, 5 P03-trnL-trnF-300 haplotypes and 3 P02-trnL-trnF-396 haplotypes were identified among the 4 populations, and 7 haplotypes were identified based on the combined fragments. The non-coding region P03-trnL-trnF-300 exhibited higher polymorphisms with the number of haplotypes, the abundant haplotype (gene) diversity and the nucleotide diversity. Tajima's test showed that all Tajima's D values were statistically significant at P < 0.05, indicating that natural selection has an effect on mutations in these fragments. Our results from H. caudigerum cpDNA indicated a high genetic diversity fixation index (Fst ¼ 0.968) and showed greater genetic differentiation among populations (96.7%, P < 0.01) than analysis of nDNA (63.72%, P < 0.01). These results could lay the foundation for further understanding and conservation of H. caudigerum germplasm resources.

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No obvious genetic erosion, but evident relict status at the westernmost range edge of the Pontic‐Pannonian steppe plant Linum flavum L. (Linaceae) in Central Europe

Cited by 25 publications

References 99 publications

Formalized classification of semi-dry grasslands in central and eastern Europe

Formalized classification of semi-dry grasslands in central and eastern Europe

Long-term survival and successful conservation? Low genetic diversity but no evidence for reduced reproductive success at the north-westernmost range edge of Poa badensis (Poaceae) in Central Europe

Genetic diversity of Herpetospermum caudigerum (Ser.) Baill using AFLP and chloroplast microsatellites

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