“…Newer techniques like small corneal or limbal incisions, phacoemulsification of the lens nucleus [3,9,21,22], and implantation of foldable intraocular lenses [28] have made it possible to switch from general anesthesia to local anesthesia [12,14,19], including retrobulbar or peribulbar injections of local anesthetics. The advent of small, stepped, and self-sealing corneal incisions, in which very little manipulation is required, has allowed the use of Sub-Tenon [4,15,16,18] and topical anesthesia [5,8,20] Peribulbar injection of an aesthetic agents has been used for more than a century in cataract surgery and various modifications have been devised over the last two decades to reduce the risks of injury of intraorbital structures during surgery [17]. The blind insertion of a needle into the retrobulbar space has never been completely free from sight and life threatening complications [17].…”