No more settler tears, no more humanitarian consternation: Recognizing our racist history and present NOW!

Larocque, Catherine; Foth, Thomas; Gifford, Wendy

doi:10.25071/2291-5796.107

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Declarations of moral outrage regarding racism are not enough – they serve primarily to re-establish white innocence ( Larocque et al, 2021 ). Statements of ‘zero tolerance’ for racism within institutions are meaningless, when the foundations of those institutions are mired in colonial racism ( Cabrera et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpersonal, institutional, and structural racism in Canadian nursing: A culture of silence

2022

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Background Alongside declarations against racism, the nursing profession in Canada needs examination of experiences of racism within its ranks. Racism at multiple levels can create a context wherein racialized nurses experience barriers and ongoing marginalization. Purpose This critical interpretive qualitative study asks how interpersonal, institutional, and structural racisms intersect in the professional experiences of racialized nurses in Canada, and how nurses respond. Methods Self-identified racialized nurses (n = 13) from across Canada were recruited primarily through snowball sampling, and each was interviewed by phone or in person. Once transcribed, interviews were analyzed inductively, which led to the levels of racism as a guiding framework. Results From entry to nursing education throughout their careers participants experienced racism from instructors, patients, colleagues and managers. Interpersonal racism included comments and actions from patients, but more significantly lack of support from colleagues and managers, and sometimes overt exclusion. Institutional racism included extra scrutiny, heavier workloads, and absence in leadership roles. Structural racism included prevalent assumptions of incompetence, which were countered through extra work, invisibility and hyper-visibility, and expectations of assimilation. Racialized nurses were left to choose among silence, resisting (often at personal cost), assimilation and/or bolstering their credibility through education or extra work. Building community was a key survival strategy. Conclusions Everyone in nursing needs to challenge the culture of silence regarding racism. White nurses in particular need to welcome discomfort, listen and learn about racism, then speak out to help disrupt its normative status.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpersonal, institutional, and structural racism in Canadian nursing: A culture of silence

2022

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“…The grief, trauma, and losses Indigenous People experience through cancer have a complex impact on both people with cancer and their community members. Described as trauma-informed bereavement, participants emphasized that a diagnosis of cancer, sickness, or death from cancer can trigger other forms of trauma accumulated from colonial practices including the Sixties Scoop (Sinclair & Dainard, 2016) and residential schools (Larocque et al, 2021). L. T. Smith (2012) described how colonial governments "established systems of rule and forms of social relations which governed interactions with the indigenous peoples.…”

Section: Racismmentioning

confidence: 99%

What culturally safe cancer care means to Algonquins of Pikwakanagan First Nation

Gifford

Dick

Larocque

et al. 2023

AlterNative: An International Journal of Indigenous Peoples

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Understanding what culturally safe care means to First Nations people is the first step to reimagining how healthcare can be conceived and operationalized. This study explored the meaning of culturally safe cancer care with Algonquins of Pikwakanagan First Nation in Canada, including community members’ perceptions of barriers to receiving it. Two focus groups using journey mapping were held with cancer survivors and family members ( n = 16) and healthcare providers ( n = 12), followed by individual interviews ( n = 13). Discussions were video-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and thematically analysed. Culturally safe cancer care encompassed: (a) family and community, (b) culture as healing, and (c) stories for sharing cultural teachings. Ongoing systemic racism was described as prevalent in cancer care today and a significant barrier to culturally safe care. Further research is needed for health system change to dismantle the systemic and structural factors that continue to make healthcare unsafe and harm Indigenous People.

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“…The nearly 400-year colonial project in North America has systematically stripped Indigenous Peoples of their cultures, languages, traditional practices, identities and, at the core, their land (Denzin et al, 2014;Kovach, 2009;Smith, 2012;Mcdonnell & Regenvanu, 2022). In Canada, the ongoing discovery of unmarked graves at residential school sites across the country (Larocque et al, 2021) has highlighted the concerted effort on the part of the colonial state to 'get rid of the Indian problem… to continue until there is not a single Indian in Canada that has not been absorbed into the body politics' (Scott, 1920, as cited in Miller, 2004). The Indian Act was a law established in 1876 to give the government jurisdictional control over Indigenous people and their land, while excluding them from all legal, political, economic and social spheres of society (Collis, 2022;Hurley, 2009;Kelm & Smith, 2018).…”

Section: Background: Colonialism As a Structure Of Eliminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A visionary platform for decolonization: The Red Deal

Al‐Chami,

Gifford,

Coburn

2023

Nursing Philosophy

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In this study, we discuss the colonial project as an eliminatory structure of indigenous ways of knowing and doing that is built into Canadian social and health institutions. We elaborate on the role nursing plays in maintaining systemic racism, marginalization and discrimination of Indigenous Peoples. Based on historical practices and present‐day circumstances, we argue that changing language in research and school curriculums turns decolonization into what Tuck and Yang call a ‘metaphor’. Rather, we propose decolonization as a political project where nurses acknowledge their involvement in colonial harms and disrupt the assumptions that continue to shape how nurses interact with Indigenous people, including knowledge systems that perpetuate colonial interests and privilege. Decolonization requires nurses to understand the colonial practices that led to dispossession of land, erasure of knowledge, culture and identity, while upholding indigenous ways of knowing and doing in health, healing and living. As a political manifesto that liberates indigenous life from oppressive structures of colonialism and capitalism, The Red Deal is presented as a visionary platform for decolonization. The aim of this study is to articulate three dimensions of caretaking within The Red Deal as a framework to decolonize nursing knowledge development and practice. Based on the philosophical dimension embedded in The Red Deal that revoke norms and knowledge assumptions of capitalism that destroy indigenous ways of knowing and doing, we underscore an approach toward decolonizing nursing. Our approach rejects the apolitical nature of nursing as well as the unilateral western scientific knowledge approach to knowledge development and recognition. A critical emancipatory approach that addresses the socio‐political and historical context of health care, recognizes dispossession of land and adopts a ‘multilogical’ vision of knowledge that gives space for representation and voice is needed for true decolonization of nursing.

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No more settler tears, no more humanitarian consternation: Recognizing our racist history and present NOW!

Cited by 6 publications

References 7 publications

Interpersonal, institutional, and structural racism in Canadian nursing: A culture of silence

Interpersonal, institutional, and structural racism in Canadian nursing: A culture of silence

What culturally safe cancer care means to Algonquins of Pikwakanagan First Nation

A visionary platform for decolonization: The Red Deal

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