No evidence of NRAS mutation in squamous cell anal carcinoma (SCAC)

Capelli, Laura; Casadei-Gardini, Andrea; Scarpi, Emanuela; Frassineti, Giovanni Luca; Saragoni, Luca; Puccetti, Maurizio; Scartozzi, Mario; Giannini, Massimo Carlo; Tamberi, Stefano; Corbelli, Jody; Ulivi, Paola

doi:10.1038/srep37621

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Genotyping analysis of 5 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) ( VEGF −2578C>A, −1498C>T, −1154G>A, −634C>G, +936C>T) for VEGF and 2 SNPs ( eNOS −786T>C, +894G>T) and one variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) of 27 nucleotides for eNOS was performed on peripheral blood samples, as previously reported [ 15 ]. Exons 2, 3 and 4 of KRAS and NRAS and exon 15 of BRAF genes were also analyzed by pyrosequencing, as previously described [ 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Right- vs. Left-Sided Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Differences in Tumor Biology and Bevacizumab Efficacy

Ulivi

Scarpi

Chiadini

et al. 2017

IJMS

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There is evidence of a different response to treatment with regard to the primary tumor localization (right-sided or left-sided) in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). We analyzed the different outcomes and biomolecular characteristics in relation to tumor localization in 122 of the 370 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer enrolled onto the phase III prospective multicenter “Italian Trial in Advanced Colorectal Cancer (ITACa)”, randomized to receive first-line chemotherapy (CT) or CT plus bevacizumab (CT + B). RAS and BRAF mutations; baseline expression levels of circulating vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), ephrin type-B receptor 4 (EPHB4), hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and high-sensitivity C reactive protein (hs-CRP); and inflammatory indexes such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-lymphocyte rate and systemic immune-inflammation index were evaluated. Patients with right-sided tumors showed a longer median progression-free survival in the CT + B arm than in the CT group (12.6 vs. 9.0 months, respectively, p = 0.017). Baseline inflammatory indexes were significantly higher in left-sided tumors, whereas eNOS and EPHB4 expression was significantly higher and BRAF mutation more frequent in right-sided tumors. Our data suggest a greater efficacy of the CT + B combination in right-sided mCRC, which might be attributable to the lower inflammatory status and higher expression of pro-angiogenic factors that appear to characterize these tumors.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Right- vs. Left-Sided Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Differences in Tumor Biology and Bevacizumab Efficacy

Ulivi

Scarpi

Chiadini

et al. 2017

IJMS

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“…Moreover, cetuximab may be an effective treatment for anal squamous cell carcinoma because EGFR is overexpressed in many cases, while KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF mutations are not observed in most cases [ 14 , 40 – 42 ]. Rogers et al reported that EGFR antibodies were used in second- and third-line treatments and disease control was possible for 59% of the patients [ 43 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stage IV anal canal squamous cell carcinoma with long-term survival: a case report

et al. 2022

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Background Currently, no established standard treatment exists for metastatic anal squamous cell carcinoma. We report a case of complete response in a patient with stage IV anal squamous cell carcinoma after undergoing multidisciplinary treatment. Case presentation A 62-year-old woman visited a nearby doctor with a chief concern of severe pain associated with a firm mass in the anus. The patient was diagnosed with anal canal squamous cell carcinoma and liver metastases and referred to First Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine University of Fukui for treatment. The patient received a TNM classification of T4N0M1 and stage IV. Rectal amputation was performed; however, postoperative complications hindered immediate anticancer therapy and the liver metastases exacerbated. Radiofrequency hyperthermia and systemic chemotherapy were performed 3 months postoperatively. A prominent reduction in the liver metastasis was observed. Lung metastases appeared during the course of systemic chemotherapy. Radiotherapy was performed to treat the lung lesion and resolved. Radiotherapy was also performed for liver metastasis. The lesion in the liver showed resolution after 54 months postoperatively, and treatment with the anticancer drug was discontinued. Ten-year follow-up findings suggested complete resolution of the lesion in response to the treatment protocol followed in this case. This long-term survival was achieved through a multidisciplinary treatment. Conclusions The present case suggests that multidisciplinary treatment approach is effective for resolving stage IV anal squamous cell carcinoma, and addition of new anticancer drug therapy may improve the overall prognosis of squamous cell carcinoma.

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“…Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is overexpressed in about 90% of SCAC, whereas KRAS and NRAS mutations are rare (Capelli et al, 2016;Casadei Gardini et al, 2014;Zampino et al, 2009;Cacheux et al, 2016). PIK3CA is mutated in 20% of patients (Capelli et al, 2016). These observations provide a theoretical rationale for integrating anti-EGFR agents into standard treatment for SCAC.…”

Section: Role Of Anti-egfr Therapy In the Treatment Of Scacmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Immunosuppression is a risk factor for SCAC development (Nelson, 2017) and predisposes the anal epithelium to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and its persistence. Affecting around 95% of patients with metastatic SCAC, the virus integrates into the host cell DNA and promotes oncogenesis (Capelli et al, 2016). It has been demonstrated that HPV increases the risk of cancer of the head and neck, uterine cervix, penis and vulva (Faivre et al, 1999;Jaiyesimi and Cisplatin, 1993).…”

Section: Role Of Immunotherapy In the Treatment Of Metastatic Scacmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SCAC occurs frequently in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (Capelli et al, 2016). Yanik et al reported that HIV status did not correlate with the degree or composition of PD-L1 expression in the tumor (Yanik et al, 2017), suggesting that anti-PD-1/PD-L1 drugs could be used, regardless of HIV status.…”

Section: Role Of Immunotherapy In the Treatment Of Metastatic Scacmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal: A new strategies with anti-EGFR therapy and immunotherapy

Casadei-Gardini

Passardi

Fornaro

et al. 2018

Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology

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The incidence of squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal (SCAC) is increasing in both sexes but the standard treatment remains that of 20 years ago. However, interesting data have recently emerged on the use of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) agents and immunotherapy in advanced disease. Thus, new avenues of research are opening up that will hopefully lead to more effective therapeutic strategies. We provide an overview of the latest studies published on this tumor and discuss the possible future therapeutic options for combination therapy, anti-EGFR treatment and radiotherapy.

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No evidence of NRAS mutation in squamous cell anal carcinoma (SCAC)

Cited by 7 publications

References 25 publications

Right- vs. Left-Sided Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Differences in Tumor Biology and Bevacizumab Efficacy

Right- vs. Left-Sided Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Differences in Tumor Biology and Bevacizumab Efficacy

Stage IV anal canal squamous cell carcinoma with long-term survival: a case report

Treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal: A new strategies with anti-EGFR therapy and immunotherapy

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