No evidence of juvenile body mass affecting dispersal in male red deer

Loe, Leif Egil; Mysterud, Atle; Veiberg, Vebjørn; Langvatn, Rolf

doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2009.00647.x

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Furthermore, Ozoga and Verme () reported dominant yearling males spent less time in their natal range preceding the breeding season than more subordinate males, and dominance is a function of body mass (Townsend and Bailey , Taillon and Côté ). Debeffe et al () reported that heavier roe deer had a greater propensity for dispersal and dispersed farther, although body mass in red deer ( Cervus elaphus ) did not influence dispersal behaviors (Loe et al ). We found a relationship between larger body sizes and probability of dispersal but not increased dispersal distance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land use and dispersal influence mortality in white‐tailed deer

et al. 2019

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Restoring male age structure in white‐tailed deer populations has become an important objective for many state agencies aimed at improving herd dynamics. Limiting mortality in the yearling (1–2 yr old) age class is a primary consideration, and regional differences in climate, habitat characteristics, hunting regulations, and hunter behavior complicate the understanding of how specific factors influence the risk of mortality. We used Cox proportional hazard modeling to determine the effects of body size, mean distance to road, dispersal behaviors, use of forested land, and use of land open to public hunting on the risk of mortality for a population of radio‐collared, yearling males (n = 76) in Sussex County, Delaware, USA. Annual survival averaged 0.55 (95% CI = 0.45–0.68), with harvest accounting for 79% (26/33) of all mortalities. Measurements of body size (chest girth, shoulder height, and total length; cm) influenced dispersal probability but not dispersal distance. The best approximating model for mortality risk included a covariate for landownership, whereby mortality risk increased on public land. Among males who dispersed, longer‐distance dispersal was associated with reduced mortality, which contradicts previous research describing dispersal as a high‐risk behavior. The effect of landownership on mortality risk has not been previously identified, especially when regulations regarding harvest of yearling males are similar between landownership types. We observed annual survival rates of 0.69 (95% CI = 0.57–0.82) for deer apparently using private land exclusively during the hunting season, and 0.20 (95% CI = 0.11–0.48) for deer that used public land during the hunting season. Survival rates on private land were comparable to those of other regions actively managing male age structure. These results suggest survival of yearling males in the region is influenced by hunter harvest and the risks associated with dispersal may be minimal in areas where harvest pressure is low, although hunter harvest on public land may limit male age structure on a localized scale. © The Wildlife Society, 2019

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land use and dispersal influence mortality in white‐tailed deer

et al. 2019

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“…), although studies yielded contrasting results depending on the environmental context (Linklater and Cameron , Loe et al. , Le Galliard et al. ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disease avoidance, and breeding group age and size condition the dispersal patterns of western lowland gorilla females

Baudouin

Gatti

Levréro

et al. 2019

Ecology

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Social dispersal is an important feature of population dynamics. When female mammals occur in polygynous groups, their dispersal decisions are conditioned by various female‐, male‐, and group‐related factors. Among them, the influence of disease often remains difficult to assess. To address this challenge, we used long‐term monitoring data from two gorilla populations (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) affected by infectious skin disease lesions. After controlling for other potentially influential factors, we investigated to which extent disease avoidance drives the dispersal decisions of gorilla females. We showed that the infection of a silverback of a breeding group by the skin disease increased the probability of adult females to emigrate. Moreover, adult females avoided breeding groups with a high prevalence of skin disease by emigrating from them and immigrating into healthier ones. Age of the breeding group was also an important factor. Adult females left older groups, near the end of a male tenure, to join younger ones led by younger fully grown silverbacks that could be of high reproductive and protective value. Our study highlights that, although females select for high‐quality males, disease avoidance is a critical driver of their dispersion decision.

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“…) and 68·8% of male red deer (Loe et al . ) were reported to disperse. There are fewer studies of dispersal distances for large herbivores in general, although the estimate of 4·7 ± 8·4 km for our study site lies within the reported range for roe deer (1·1 ± 0·1 to 7·6 ± 3·0 km: Wahlstrom & Liberg ; Gaillard et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, no effect of body condition on dispersal propensity was found in red deer Cervus elaphus (Loe et al . ) or in Siberian ground squirrels Pteromys volans (Selonen & Hanski ). Furthermore, at the interspecific level, Sutherland et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Condition‐dependent natal dispersal in a large herbivore: heavier animals show a greater propensity to disperse and travel further

Debeffe

Morellet

Cargnelutti

et al. 2012

Journal of Animal Ecology

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Recherche 5558, Universite´de Lyon, Universite´de Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, FR 69622, Villeurbanne Cedex, France Summary 1. Natal dispersal is defined as the movement between the natal range and the site of first breeding and is one of the most important processes in population dynamics. The choice an individual makes between dispersal and philopatry may be condition dependent, influenced by either phenotypic attributes and/or environmental factors. 2. Interindividual variability in dispersal tactics has profound consequences for population dynamics, particularly with respect to metapopulation maintenance. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying this variability is thus of primary interest. 3. We investigated the ranging behaviour of 60 juvenile European roe deer, Capreolus capreolus, monitored with GPS collars for 1 year prior to their first reproduction, from 2003 to 2010 in South-West France. Dispersal occurs across a spatial continuum so that dividing individuals into two categories (dispersers vs. philopatric) may lead to information loss. Therefore, to investigate condition-dependent dispersal more accurately, we developed an individual-based measure of dispersal distance, which took into account interindividual variation in ranging behaviour. We assessed the influence of body mass, the degree of habitat heterogeneity and sex on dispersal initiation date, dispersal propensity and distance. 4. The overall population dispersal rate was 0Á34, with a mean ± SD linear distance between natal and post-dispersal home ranges of 12Á3 ± 10Á5 km. Dispersal distances followed a classical leptokurtic distribution. We found no sex bias in either dispersal rate or distance. Forest animals dispersed less than those living in more heterogeneous habitats. Heavier individuals dispersed with a higher probability, earlier and further than lighter individuals. Our individual-based standardised dispersal distance increased linearly with body mass, with some suggestion of a body mass threshold of 14 kg under which no individual dispersed. 5. Natal dispersal in roe deer was thus dependent on both phenotypic attributes and environmental context. Our results suggest that population connectivity can be altered by a change in average body condition and is likely higher in the rich and heterogeneous habitats typical of modern day agricultural landscapes.

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No evidence of juvenile body mass affecting dispersal in male red deer

Cited by 9 publications

References 57 publications

Land use and dispersal influence mortality in white‐tailed deer

Land use and dispersal influence mortality in white‐tailed deer

Disease avoidance, and breeding group age and size condition the dispersal patterns of western lowland gorilla females

Condition‐dependent natal dispersal in a large herbivore: heavier animals show a greater propensity to disperse and travel further

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