No evidence of enhanced satiety following whey protein- or sucrose-enriched water beverages: a dose response trial in overweight women

Abstract

There was no evidence of increased postprandial satiety or compensation for energy content at an outcome lunch meal when a water beverage was supplemented with up to 4% (w/w) whey protein or 10% (w/w) sucrose, in a group of overweight but unrestrained young and middle-aged women.

Does an increased intake of added sugar affect appetite in overweight or obese adults, when compared with lower intakes? A systematic review of the literature

“…Included studies evaluated the effects of AS consumption through food (n 5), beverages (n 12) or a combination of foods and beverages (n 2) over a period of time ranging from 1 d (20,(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32) to 6 months (33) . Characteristics of included studies are displayed in Table 1.…”

“…Participants' mean BMI ranged from 26•1 (30) to 41•1 kg/m 2 (31) and the mean age ranged from 22 (34) to 57 years (27) . A total of three studies analysed only males (19,27,28) , eight only females (22)(23)(24)(30)(31)(32)35,36) and the remainder involved both sexes (16)(17)(18)20,21,25,26,29,33,34) .…”

“…Studies evaluated energy consumption either through the amount of energy consumed post-treatment at a subsequent meal (20,(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32) or as total daily energy intake, including test products (16,17,19,22,23,(33)(34)(35) . Consumption of AS was reported either as prescribed doses, ranging from approximately 10 (32) to 125 g (19) , or as a set portion of dietary energy, with individual intakes varying (16)(17)(18)21,33) . A total of four studies (21,(26)(27)(28) reported more than one type of AS source, therefore all subsequent results are presented separately by comparisons between AS type.…”

“…For example, one study explored the effect of both glucose and lactose on appetite (28) , which are examined separately in this review. A range of AS sources were reported, including sucrose (16)(17)(18)20,22,23,31,32,36) (n 7 comparisons), Ghrelin: all declined similarly (0-60 min). In the following rise, glucose became higher (P < 0•05) than lactose, whey and casein (120-180 min) Bowen et al…”

“…In all, one study examined a whole-ofdiet approach, reporting participants' total intake of AS from a range of sources (33) . The effect of AS on appetite was explored through three study outcomes: energy consumption (16)(17)(18)(19)(20)22,23,(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35) (n 16), satiety (17)(18)(19)(20)23,(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)34,36) (n 14) and appetite hormones (leptin (16,21,35) and ghrelin (24,(27)(28)(29)(30) ) (n 8).…”