No effects of enhanced central norepinephrine on finger-sequence learning and attention

Plewnia, Christian; Hoppe, Julia; Gerloff, Christian

doi:10.1007/s00213-006-0420-5

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…[65] found effects of serotonin on probabilistic learning but did not find any significant changes on the same task after intake of the selective noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor atomoxetine. In addition, reboxetine, another selective noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor, showed no effect on finger sequence learning [80]. In a study that used clonidine, which among other things reduce the noradrenaline turnover, no effect was observed on a procedural motor learning task described below [68].…”

Section: Noradrenalinementioning

confidence: 99%

The Neuropharmacology of Implicit Learning

Uddén

Folia

Petersson

2010

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Two decades of pharmacologic research on the human capacity to implicitly acquire knowledge as well as cognitive skills and procedures have yielded surprisingly few conclusive insights. We review the empirical literature of the neuropharmacology of implicit learning. We evaluate the findings in the context of relevant computational models related to neurotransmittors such as dopamine, serotonin, acetylcholine and noradrenalin. These include models for reinforcement learning, sequence production, and categorization. We conclude, based on the reviewed literature, that one can predict improved implicit acquisition by moderately elevated dopamine levels and impaired implicit acquisition by moderately decreased dopamine levels. These effects are most prominent in the dorsal striatum. This is supported by a range of behavioral tasks in the empirical literature. Similar predictions can be made for serotonin, although there is yet a lack of support in the literature for serotonin involvement in classical implicit learning tasks. There is currently a lack of evidence for a role of the noradrenergic and cholinergic systems in implicit and related forms of learning. GABA modulators, including benzodiazepines, seem to affect implicit learning in a complex manner and further research is needed. Finally, we identify allosteric AMPA receptors modulators as a potentially interesting target for future investigation of the neuropharmacology of procedural and implicit learning.

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Section: Noradrenalinementioning

confidence: 99%

The Neuropharmacology of Implicit Learning

Uddén

Folia

Petersson

2010

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“…Contrary to expectations, reboxetine (8 mg single dose) did not improve attention, memory or learning in healthy adults [79][80][81]. It has been suggested that a single dose is not sufficient for significant effectiveness on cognitive performances.…”

Section: Selective Norepinephrin Reuptake Inhibitorsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Neuroenhancement in Healthy Adults, Part I: Pharmaceutical Cognitive Enhancement: A Systematic Review

Micoulaud¹

2015

J Clinic Res Bioeth

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The term neuroenhancement refers to improvement in the cognitive, emotional and motivational functions of healthy individuals through inter alia, the use of drugs. This popular topic attracts attention both from the general public and the scientific community. Our objective is to summarize in a synthetic review the data of randomized placebo-controlled trials that assessed cognitive effects of administration of neuroenhancers in non-sleep-deprived healthy adults compared to placebo. The major outcomes were attention, memory, learning, executive functions, and vigilance/wakefulness. Details on the pharmacological profile, effectiveness and safety for each drug are provided. We classify them according to their recognized major primary mode of action, namely catecholaminergics (methylphenidate,

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“…Similar effects of NE on M1 excitability could be demonstrated for the NE reuptake inhibitor reboxetine. Plewnia and coworkers [17,19,22] showed enhanced corticospinal and intracortical excitability and improved motor skills in healthy subjects suggesting that this is an effect of NE reuptake inhibitors. This assumption could not be verified by Foster and coworkers [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic effects of noradrenergic modulation with atomoxetine and 10 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on motor learning in healthy humans

et al. 2014

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BackgroundRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is able to induce changes in neuronal activity that outlast stimulation. The underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. They might be analogous to long-term potentiation or depression, as the duration of the effects seems to implicate changes in synaptic plasticity. Norepinephrine (NE) has been shown to play a crucial role in neuronal plasticity in the healthy and injured human brain. Atomoxetine (ATX) and other NE reuptake inhibitors have been shown to increase excitability in different systems and to influence learning processes. Thus, the combination of two facilitative interventions may lead to further increase in excitability and motor learning. But in some cases homeostatic metaplasticity might protect the brain from harmful hyperexcitability. In this study, the combination of 60 mg ATX and 10 Hz rTMS over the primary motor cortex was used to examine changes in cortical excitability and motor learning and to investigate their influence on synaptic plasticity mechanisms.ResultsThe results of this double-blind placebo-controlled study showed that ATX facilitated corticospinal and intracortical excitability in motor cortex. 10 Hertz rTMS applied during a motor task was able to further increase intracortical excitability only in combination with ATX. In addition, only the combination of 10 Hz rTMS and ATX was capable of enhancing the total number of correct responses and reaction time significantly, indicating an interaction effect between rTMS and ATX without signs of homeostatic metaplasticity.ConclusionThese results suggest that pharmacologically enhanced NE transmission and 10 Hz rTMS exert a synergistic effect on motor cortex excitability and motor learning in healthy humans.

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No effects of enhanced central norepinephrine on finger-sequence learning and attention

Cited by 12 publications

References 45 publications

The Neuropharmacology of Implicit Learning

The Neuropharmacology of Implicit Learning

Neuroenhancement in Healthy Adults, Part I: Pharmaceutical Cognitive Enhancement: A Systematic Review

Synergistic effects of noradrenergic modulation with atomoxetine and 10 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on motor learning in healthy humans

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