No effect of selected engineered nanomaterials on reproduction and survival of the springtail <i>Folsomia candida</i>

Noordhoek, Jeroen W.; Verweij, Rudo A.; Gestel, Cornelis A.M. van; Straalen, Nico M. van; Roelofs, Dick

doi:10.1039/c7en00824d

Cited by 17 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Both F. candida and E. andrei adult survival were unaffected by exposure to nCuO (p > 0.17), regardless of biosolid amendment (Appendix A: Table A4 and Table A5). The lack of significant effects in adult earthworm survival correspond with other studies conducted with concentrations of nCuO in soil ranging up to 1000 mg Cu/ kg 27,52,53 . For earthworms exposed to CuSO4 in soils without biosolid amendment, there was an effect on adult survival at concentrations > 678 mg Cu/ kg only.…”

Section: Toxicity Testssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…For those studies that have been conducted in natural soil environment, most have presented evidence that Cu ENM are generally less toxic then their bulk or ionic counterparts 27,39,52,69 (Chapter 2:, though there is no consensus on this 68,24,69 . Regardless, it is clear that understanding the fate of the Cu ENM in both the soil and exposed organism is needed to understand or assess the risk an ENM may pose in the soil environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Investigation into the Effects of Nano Copper Oxide to the Soil Invertibrates Eisena Andrei and Folsomia Canadida

Velicogna¹

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I would like to acknowledge and thank Dr. Dina Schwertfeger for sharing her expertise in soil chemistry and for teaching and guiding me in learning analytical techniques including Cu ISE and single particle ICP-MS. I wish to thank Heather McShane for her assistance in coordinating and collection of biosolids, Jianjun Wang at the Carleton University Nano Imaging facility for his contribution to the TEM-EDS imaging analysis, Equilibrium Environmental for soil collection, and Dr. Sabina Halappanavar and Dongmei Wu of Health Canada for providing access and assistance on the Cytoviva enhanced dark-field spectrometer. I would like to thank the following students for their hard-work in preparing samples, conducting Cu ISE, pH and moisture content measurements and assisting with test maintenance: Alexander Jesmer, Claudia Beer and, Joner Kuo. I would also like to thank my colleagues in the soil toxicology laboratory at Environment and Climate Change Canada for their assistance with test takedowns and the overall support of the Biological

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Section: Toxicity Testssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation into the Effects of Nano Copper Oxide to the Soil Invertibrates Eisena Andrei and Folsomia Canadida

Velicogna¹

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“…In D. melanogaster somatic cells, functionalised CNTs demonstrate low cytotoxicity 47 . The soil arthropod, Folsomia candida, when exposed to CNTs show no detrimental effects on mortality or reproduction 48 . Intrahaemocoelic injection of CNTs, as carried out in the current study, resulted in the distribution of PAMAM-CNTs in cells 48 h after exposure, yet toxicity was extremely low.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Dendrimer-coated carbon nanotubes deliver dsRNA and increase the efficacy of gene knockdown in the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum

Edwards

Christie

Masotti

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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In this study, the use of dendrimer-coated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as a delivery vehicle for dsRNA was assessed in Tribolium castaneum. Exposure to low dosages of polyamidoamine dendrimer carbon nanotubes (PAMAM-CNTs) did not affect T. castaneum larval mortality. Expression of key apoptotic factors, Dronc (Tc12580), Dredd (Tcn-like, Tc014026) and Buffy, (Tcinhib apop1), which can act as toxicity indicators, were not altered in T. castaneum larvae following injection of PAMAM-CNTs. The level of knockdown of two target genes, α-tubulin and mitochondrial RNA polymerase (mtpol), were significantly increased when larvae were injected with double-stranded RNA bound to CNTs (PAMAM-CNT-dsRNA), compared to those injected with target dsRNA alone. PAMAM-CNTs were visualised in cellular vacuoles and in the cell nucleus. Increase occurrence of a blistered wing phenotype was found in a subset of PAMAM-CNT-dsRNA αtub injected larvae, relative to the level seen in larvae injected with naked dsRnA αtub alone. These results suggest that the use of functionalised CNTs for dsRNA delivery could increase the efficacy of RNA interference in insect pest species. RNA interference (RNAi) is a promising tool for the control of insect pests. Introduction of exogenous doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) is effective at triggering gene knockdown and associated phenotypes in many problem pest species such as the Western Corn Rootworm 1 , the Colorado potato beetle 2 and the Varroa mite 3. New developments in dsRNA delivery methods to crop pests, such as dsRNA expression in transgenic plants 4 and foliar application 5 , offer the possibility of dsRNA-based insecticides 6. Despite this promise, there is notable variation in RNAi response between insect species 7 , with some, such as many lepidopterans 8 , unable to mount a strong RNAi response to dsRNA. Ingestion of dsRNA can be a valid route for delivery, yet many insects secrete enzymes in their gut that breakdown dsRNA before the latter can elicit an effect on target gene transcripts 9-11. When dsRNA enters into the cytoplasm, it is generally very effective in mounting an RNAi response 12,13. However, the route to the cytoplasm can act as a barrier to effective RNAi, with stability and uptake of dsRNA within the insect thought to be the significant limiting factor 10,11,14,15. Therefore, the protection of dsRNA from degradation coupled with an efficient cellular uptake is key to RNAi success. The development of delivery vehicles or carriers that enable these two processes is now necessary to fully realise the potential for dsRNA as an effective control measure. Combining dsRNA with other substances that act as efficient carriers, such as chitosan 16,17 , perfluorocarbon nanoparticles 18-20 or ribonuceloparticles 21 , can stabilise dsRNA and increase the chances of successful gene knockdown. Encapsulation of dsRNA within carbon quantum dots 22 and liposomes 23,24 has also shown some promise in increasing efficacy in more challenging insect species. In the last decade, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have emerg...

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“…22 Tungsten carbide-cobalt (WCCo) NM and copper oxide (CuO) NM were provided by the Sustainable Nanotechnologies Project (SUN) and were purchased from different suppliers (for details see Table 1). As positive controls copperĲII) chloride (CuCl 2 ) and cobalt chloride (CoCl 2 •6H 2 O) were previously used and described by Noordhoek et al (2018). 23 For WCCo-NM, nominal test concentrations were 0-200-400-800-1600-3200-6400 mg WCCo-NM per kg dry soil.…”

Section: Test Compounds and Spiking Of Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As positive controls copperĲII) chloride (CuCl 2 ) and cobalt chloride (CoCl 2 •6H 2 O) were previously used and described by Noordhoek et al (2018). 23 For WCCo-NM, nominal test concentrations were 0-200-400-800-1600-3200-6400 mg WCCo-NM per kg dry soil. CuO-NM were tested at nominal concentrations of 0-200-400-800-1600-3200-6400 mg Cu per kg dry soil.…”

Section: Test Compounds and Spiking Of Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic and transcriptional responses associated with multi-generation exposure of Folsomia candida to engineered nanomaterials

Noordhoek

Pipicelli

Barone

et al. 2018

Environ. Sci.: Nano

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No effect of selected engineered nanomaterials on reproduction and survival of the springtail Folsomia candida

Abstract: Engineered nanomaterials did not affect Folsomia candida reproduction at concentrations up to 6400 mg per kg dry soil. However, significant effects of metal salt exposure were observed.

Cited by 17 publications

References 37 publications

An Investigation into the Effects of Nano Copper Oxide to the Soil Invertibrates Eisena Andrei and Folsomia Canadida

An Investigation into the Effects of Nano Copper Oxide to the Soil Invertibrates Eisena Andrei and Folsomia Canadida

Dendrimer-coated carbon nanotubes deliver dsRNA and increase the efficacy of gene knockdown in the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum

Phenotypic and transcriptional responses associated with multi-generation exposure of Folsomia candida to engineered nanomaterials

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