No effect of glutamine ingestion on indices of oxidative metabolism in stable COPD

Marwood, Simon; Jack, Sandy; Patel, M; Walker, Paul; Bowtell, Joanna L.; Calverley, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.resp.2011.03.010

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 61 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…In a randomized clinical trial of glutamine ingestion prior to exercise, no beneficial effect on oxidative metabolism or performance during incremental and constant-load exercise in COPD patients was found [ 65 ]. In a randomized clinical trial of 40 patients receiving mechanical ventilation due to COPD exacerbation, blood levels of IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were found to differ between patients receiving daily administration of a glutamine solution for 5 days vs. those receiving administration of a placebo for the same period [ 66 ].…”

Section: Glutamine Therapy In Respiratory Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous Glutamine in Respiratory Diseases: Myth or Reality?

et al. 2016

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Several respiratory diseases feature increased inflammatory response and catabolic activity, which are associated with glutamine depletion; thus, the benefits of exogenous glutamine administration have been evaluated in clinical trials and models of different respiratory diseases. Recent reviews and meta-analyses have focused on the effects and mechanisms of action of glutamine in a general population of critical care patients or in different models of injury. However, little information is available about the role of glutamine in respiratory diseases. The aim of the present review is to discuss the evidence of glutamine depletion in cystic fibrosis (CF), asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and lung cancer, as well as the results of exogenous glutamine administration in experimental and clinical studies. Exogenous glutamine administration might be beneficial in ARDS, asthma, and during lung cancer treatment, thus representing a potential therapeutic tool in these conditions. Further experimental and large randomized clinical trials focusing on the development and progression of respiratory diseases are necessary to elucidate the effects and possible therapeutic role of glutamine in this setting.

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Section: Glutamine Therapy In Respiratory Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous Glutamine in Respiratory Diseases: Myth or Reality?

et al. 2016

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“…Synthesis of muscle protein was shown to be diminished due to the deficiency of glutamine in subjects with enhanced protein catabolism [114], and COPD patients are known to be deficient in glutamate, a source of glutamine synthesis [115]. In a RCT of glutamine administration (0.125 g/kg bm) in COPD patients, however, no significant ameliorative effect of glutamine on the maximum oxygen uptake or lactate threshold on exercise was noted [62]. In a RCT conducted in 40 patients under mechanical ventilator due to exacerbation of COPD, the blood levels of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α did not differ between patients receiving daily administration of a glutamine solution for 5 days and those receiving administration of a placebo for the same period [63].…”

Section: Intake Of Other Nutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Undernutrition in Patients with COPD and Its Treatment

et al. 2013

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the lung and whole body caused mainly by tobacco smoking. Patients with advanced COPD are in a state of undernutrition, referred to as pulmonary cachexia; the exercise performance and quality of life (QOL) of these patients are deteriorated, the vital prognosis is unfavorable, and the medico-economic burden posed by poorly nourished COPD patients is high. The mainstays of COPD treatment are pharmacotherapy, mainly with bronchodilators, and non-pharmacotherapeutic approaches such as respiratory rehabilitation and nutrition counseling. Nutritional supplement therapy, consisting primarily of high calorie intake, has been demonstrated to be effective for maintaining and improving the muscle strength and exercise tolerance in poorly nourished COPD patients. The efficacy of intake of various nutrients, besides a high calorie intake, for amelioration of the disease state of COPD has also been reported. The roles of adipokines in the pathophysiology of COPD have begun to receive attention recently, and not only their regulatory effects on appetite and nutritional status, but also their influence on systemic inflammation have been increasingly clarified. We review the papers on COPD and nutrition and discuss the role of nutritional supplement therapy in the treatment of COPD.

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“…Although the lack of tracheal instrumentation in our control rats may pose some concerns as the ideal control for injured rats, in our preliminary experiments, as discussed in the methods section, this factor did not show significant differences in critical lung injury features The timing of GLN administration in relation to ALI (and the type of insult, LPS vs . others) may be critical, and despite its proven safety profile[ 44 ], might explain the variable success observed in human GLN studies[ 42 , 43 , 63 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brief Glutamine Pretreatment Increases Alveolar Macrophage CD163/Heme Oxygenase-1/p38-MAPK Dephosphorylation Pathway and Decreases Capillary Damage but Not Neutrophil Recruitment in IL-1/LPS-Insufflated Rats

et al. 2015

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BackgroundGlutamine (GLN) attenuates acute lung injury (ALI) but its effect on alveolar macrophages is unknown. We hypothesized that GLN pretreatment would induce the anti-inflammatory CD163/heme oxygenase (HO)-1/p38-MAPK dephosphorylation pathway in alveolar macrophages and reduce ALI in rats insufflated with interleukin-1 (IL-1) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS).MethodsMale Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to the following groups: GLN-IL-1/LPS-, GLN+IL-1/LPS-, GLN-IL-1/LPS+, and GLN+IL-1/LPS+. GLN pretreatment was given via gavage (1g/kg L-alanyl-L-glutamine) daily for 2 days. ALI was subsequently induced by insufflating 50ng IL-1 followed by 5mg/kg E.coli LPS. After 24h, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) protein, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and neutrophil concentrations were analyzed. BAL alveolar macrophage CD163+ expression, HO-1 and p38-MAPK concentrations were measured, as well as alveolar macrophage tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-10 concentrations. Histology and immunofluorescence studies were also performed.ResultsFollowing IL-1/LPS insufflation, GLN pretreated rats had significantly decreased BAL protein and LDH concentrations, but not BAL neutrophil counts, compared to non-GLN pretreated rats. The number of alveolar macrophages and the number of CD163+ macrophages were significantly increased in GLN pretreated IL-1/LPS-insufflated rats compared to non-GLN pretreated, IL-1/LPS-insufflated rats. GLN pretreatment before IL-1/LPS also significantly increased HO-1 concentrations and dephosphorylated p38-MAPK levels but not cytokine levels in alveolar macrophages. Immunofluorescence localized CD163 and HO-1 in alveolar macrophages.ConclusionShort-term GLN pretreatment activates the anti-inflammatory CD163/HO-1/p38-MAPK dephosphorylation pathway of alveolar macrophages and decreases capillary damage but not neutrophil recruitment in IL-1/LPS-insufflated rats.

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No effect of glutamine ingestion on indices of oxidative metabolism in stable COPD

Abstract: COPD patients have reduced muscle glutamate which may contribute to an impaired response of oxidative metabolism to exercise. We hypothesised that prior glutamine supplementation would enhance

Cited by 9 publications

References 61 publications

Exogenous Glutamine in Respiratory Diseases: Myth or Reality?

Exogenous Glutamine in Respiratory Diseases: Myth or Reality?

Undernutrition in Patients with COPD and Its Treatment

Brief Glutamine Pretreatment Increases Alveolar Macrophage CD163/Heme Oxygenase-1/p38-MAPK Dephosphorylation Pathway and Decreases Capillary Damage but Not Neutrophil Recruitment in IL-1/LPS-Insufflated Rats

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