No detectable human herpesvirus‐8 oral shedding in seronegative‐healthy, immunocompetent individuals from non‐endemic regions for Kaposi's sarcoma: A pilot study

Tozetto‐Mendoza, Tânia Regina; Sumita, Laura Masami; Palmieri, Michelle; Ornaghi, Mariana; Canto, Alan Motta do; Braz‐Silva, Paulo Henrique

doi:10.1111/jicd.12278

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Few studies have systematically analyzed the frequency and dynamics of HHV-8 oral shedding in KS non-endemic areas [2,5–7,17,18]. In the United States, Pauk et al analyzed 1,134 oropharyngeal samples obtained from daily oral collection among 23 HHV-8-seropositive MSM (including 14 HIV-seropositive men) for a period of approximately 50 days.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospective study of human herpesvirus 8 oral shedding, viremia, and serological status among human immunodeficiency virus seropositive and seronegative individuals in Sao Paulo, Brazil

Braz‐Silva

Tozetto‐Mendoza

Sumita

et al. 2017

Journal of Oral Microbiology

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Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) is a gamma-herpesvirus and etiological agent of all forms of Kaposi sarcoma (KS). Saliva may play an important role in HHV-8 transmission in specific populations. Little is known about HHV-8 oral shedding pattern and the possible correlation with the HHV-8 serological profile and viremia. A prospective study was conducted of HHV-8 salivary excretion among human immunodeficiency virus HIV-seronegative (n = 47) and -seropositive (n = 44) homosexual men and HIV-seropositive women (n = 32) over a 6-month period with monthly HHV-8 serologies (immunofluorescence assays to identify antibodies to latent and lytic HHV-8 viral proteins, and a whole-virus HHV-8 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA]), monthly HHV-8 DNA serum/plasma detection, and daily self-collected oral rinses for HHV-8-DNA detection using real-time polymerase chain reaction. HHV-8 seropositivity was 51.1%, 63.6%, and 37.5%, in the three studied groups. There was no case of HHV-8 DNA detection in serum/plasma. Intermittent detection of oral HHV-8 DNA was observed during 5.1% (110/2,160) of visits among 28% (18/64) of HHV-8-seropositive individuals, all of whom were males and HHV-8 ELISA seropositive. In immunologically controlled populations of Brazil, HHV-8 oral shedding was limited to HHV-8-seropositive men, occurred infrequently and intermittently, and was not linked to HHV-8 viremia, suggesting a limited potential for oral or blood transmission.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospective study of human herpesvirus 8 oral shedding, viremia, and serological status among human immunodeficiency virus seropositive and seronegative individuals in Sao Paulo, Brazil

Braz‐Silva

Tozetto‐Mendoza

Sumita

et al. 2017

Journal of Oral Microbiology

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“…Saliva was obtained within 30 days of blood collection for CD4+ and HIV analysis. The saliva collection protocol was as described previously (16,17) and a 2 ml sample was cryopreserved at-−80 • C until used. Nucleic acid was extracted and purified by using a DNA extraction kit (Real Genomics Biotech Corp.), according to the manufacturer's instructions.…”

Section: Saliva Collection and Molecular Analysis Of Ttvmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Torque Teno Virus Titer in Saliva Reflects the Level of Circulating CD4+ T Lymphocytes and HIV in Individuals Undergoing Antiretroviral Maintenance Therapy

et al. 2022

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IntroductionTorque teno virus (TTV) is a non-pathogenic virus present in body fluids. Its titer in the circulation increases in association with immune suppression, such as in HIV-infected individuals. We evaluated if the TTV titer in saliva from HIV-positive individuals undergoing antiretroviral therapy (ART) was related to the circulating CD4+ T lymphocyte concentration and the HIV titer.MethodsSaliva was collected from 276 asymptomatic individuals undergoing ART, and an additional 48 individuals positive for AIDS-associated Kaposi's Sarcoma (AIDS-KS). The salivary TTV titer was measured by gene amplification analysis. The circulating CD4+ T lymphocyte and HIV levels were obtained by chart review.ResultsTTV was detectable in saliva from 80% of the asymptomatic subjects and 87% of those with AIDS-KS. In the asymptomatic group the median log10 TTV titer/ml was 3.3 in 200 males vs. 2.4 in 76 females (p < 0.0001). TTV titer/ml was 3.7 when HIV was acquired by intravenous drug usage, 3.2 when by sexual acquisition and 2.4 when blood transfusion acquired. The salivary TTV titer was inversely correlated with the circulating CD4+ T lymphocyte level (p < 0.0001) and positively correlated with the circulating HIV concentration (p = 0.0005). The median salivary TTV titer and circulating HIV titer were higher, and the CD4+ count was lower, in individuals positive for AIDS-KS than in the asymptomatic subjects (p < 0.0001).ConclusionThe TTV titer in saliva is a potential biomarker for monitoring immune status in individuals undergoing ART.

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“…Consistent with this scenario, genotypes A and C currently predominate in Europe, the United States, Asian regions and the Middle East, and genotype B is predominant in Africa. The infrequent genotypes D, E and F have only been recorded in the Pacific Islands and Taiwan, in native populations in Latin America, in Uganda and in Brazil, respectively [ 13 , 14 ]. These genotypes are divided into subtypes A1-A5, B1-B4, C1-C7, D1, D2, E1 and E2 [ 15 ]; genotype F has recently been divided into F1 and F2 subtypes [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular epidemiology of Kaposi sarcoma virus in Spain

Gómez

Pérez-Vázquez²,

Tarragó³

2022

PLoS ONE

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Background Since human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) infection may be underestimated and HHV-8 subtype circulation in Spain remains unknown, a molecular epidemiologic study is highly desirable. Objectives This study aimed to analyse HHV-8 subtype diversity and their distribution in Spain. Study design The study included 142 HHV-8 infected patients. A nested PCR was developed in order to permit Sanger sequencing of HHV-8 K1 ORF directly from clinical samples received at the CNM from 2013 to 2021. Phylogenetic characterization was performed. Results Genotypes A and C comprised 55.6% and 42.3% of strains. Regarding subtypes, 25.4% of strains were C3, 19.7% were A3, 14.1% were A5, and C2, A1, A4, C1, A2, C7 were 11.3%, 11.3%, 8.5%, 4.2%, 2.1% and 1.4%, respectively. Subtype E1, E2 and B1 were found in only one patient each (0.7%). The Madrid region accounted for 52.1% of patients and showed a significantly different subtype distribution compared to the others (P = 0.018). Subtypes B1, E1, and E2 were observed to appear sporadically, although overall genotypes A and subtype C3 remained the most frequent and unwavering. Subtype A3 presented the highest diversity as displayed by the highest number of clusters in phylogenetic analysis. Non-significant differences in viral loads between genotypes were found, but significantly higher viral loads in subtype C2 compared to subtype C3 was found, while no significant subtype differences were observed between subtypes within genotype A. Infections with HHV-8 were detected in 94 (66.2%) patients without KS and compared to patients with KS non-significant differences in subtype distribution were found. Conclusions Subtype prevalence and regional distribution followed a similar pattern compared to other western European countries. Our study is the first to report HHV-8 subtypes E1 and E2 circulating in Europe that might be reflective of migration of population from Caribbean countries. Our study suggests that infection by HHV-8 is underestimated, and wider screening should be recommended for risk groups.

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No detectable human herpesvirus‐8 oral shedding in seronegative‐healthy, immunocompetent individuals from non‐endemic regions for Kaposi's sarcoma: A pilot study

Cited by 4 publications

References 31 publications

Prospective study of human herpesvirus 8 oral shedding, viremia, and serological status among human immunodeficiency virus seropositive and seronegative individuals in Sao Paulo, Brazil

Prospective study of human herpesvirus 8 oral shedding, viremia, and serological status among human immunodeficiency virus seropositive and seronegative individuals in Sao Paulo, Brazil

The Torque Teno Virus Titer in Saliva Reflects the Level of Circulating CD4+ T Lymphocytes and HIV in Individuals Undergoing Antiretroviral Maintenance Therapy

Molecular epidemiology of Kaposi sarcoma virus in Spain

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