No association between serotonin transporter gene polymorphisms and personality traits

Jp, Gustavsson; Mm, Nöthen; Jönsson, Erik G.; Neidt, Helge; Forslund, Kaj; Rylander, Gunnar; Mattila-Evenden, Marja; Gc, Sedvall; Propping, Peter; Åsberg, Marie

doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-8628(19990820)88:4<430::aid-ajmg23>3.0.co;2-1

Cited by 68 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…This was between avoidance traits and the 5HTT LPR polymorphism (P ¼ 0.038). A crude estimate of the effect size of 26 Control participants not scored for personality Benjamin et al 34 Data reported elsewhere Benjamin et al 43 Subscale data reported only Blairy et al 45 Too few papers reporting data on this gene to analyse Comings et al 36 Data reported elsewhere Comings et al 19 Subscale data reported only Comings et al 47 Too few papers reporting data on this gene to analyse Damberg et al 48 Subscale data reported only Deary et al 27 Extreme scores design Duaux et al 32 Data not released Ekelund et al 28 Extreme scores design Gustavsson et al 57 Subscale data reported only Jang et al 40 Data reported elsewhere Jonsson et al 63 Subscale data reported only Jonsson et al 62 Subscale data reported only Jonsson et al 61 Subscale data reported only Jonsson et al 29 Subscale data reported only Jorm et al 65 Too few papers reporting data on this gene to analyse Lerman et al 31 Data not released Manuck et al 73 Too few papers reporting data on this gene to analyse Manuck et al 72 Too few papers reporting data on this gene to analyse Mel et al 35 Data reported elsewhere Melke et al 74 Subscale data reported only Nielsen et al 77 Subscale data reported only Persson et al 30 Subscale data reported only Persson et al 81 Too few papers reporting data on this gene to analyse Ricketts et al 83 Data reported elsewhere Sher et al 38 Data reported elsewhere Sirota et al 37 Data reported elsewhere Strobel et al 24 Data reported elsewhere Tsai et al 89 Too few papers reporting data on this gene to analyse Vandenbergh et al 90 Extreme scores design the 5HTT LPR polymorphism on avoidance traits suggested that the genotypic effect accounted for less than 10% of the phenotypic variance, but this figure should ...…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Polymorphisms and Personality in Healthy Adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2003

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A meta-analysis was conducted on studies reporting data on associations between candidate genes and human personality. Studies reporting data for psychiatric populations (including organic disease and substance abuse) were excluded. A total of 46 studies contributed to the analysis. Pooled data using a fixed-effects model suggested significant associations between the 5HTT LPR, DRD4 c4t, DRD4 length, DRD2 A1/A2, DRD3 A1/A2 polymorphisms and personality traits. A multivariate analysis using a mixed-effects model and including age, sex and predominant ethnicity as covariates was applied to the analyses of 5HTT LPR and DRD4 length polymorphism data. Only the association between the 5HTT LPR polymorphism and avoidance traits remained significant (P ¼ 0.038). However, sensitivity analyses excluding data from studies reporting allele frequencies not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and unpublished data resulted in this association no longer being significant. Implications for the design of future association studies of human personality are discussed, including the likely sample sizes that will be required to achieve sufficient power and the potential role of moderating variables such as sex.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Polymorphisms and Personality in Healthy Adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2003

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“…Thus, the original finding of higher neuroticism and harm avoidance in adult individuals with the short variant of the 5HTTLPR has been replicated and extended to younger individuals 3 and to other anxietyrelated dimensions of personality, [4][5][6] but has also failed replication. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Similarly, studies examining possible association between allelic variation in the promoter region of the serotonin transporter gene and risk for unipolar and bipolar depression have produced inconsistent findings (reviewed in Furlong et al 14 ). Among the potential sources for differences among these findings is the possibility that environmental variables may play an important role in the functional expression of the genotype.…”

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confidence: 99%

Early experience and serotonin transporter gene variation interact to influence primate CNS function

et al. 2002

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Nonhuman primates offer unique opportunities to study the effects of genes, environments, and their interaction, on physiology and complex behavior. We examined genotype and early environment contributions to CNS function in a large sample of rhesus monkeys. In humans, length variation of the serotonin (5-HT) transporter (5-HTT) gene-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) that results in allelic variation in 5-HTT expression is associated with decreased serotonergic function and 5-HT-mediated psychopathology. We report that an analogous variation of the gene's regulatory region in monkeys interacts with early experience to affect central 5-HT functioning. Monkeys with deleterious early rearing experiences were differentiated by genotype in cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of the 5-HT metabolite, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, while monkeys reared normally were not. These findings demonstrate an environment-dependent effect of the rh5-HTTLPR genotype on CNS 5-HT function and suggest nonhuman primates may provide an important avenue for investigating gene/environment interactions using candidate genes for physiological and behavioral traits.

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“…Unfortunately, most subsequent studies have failed to replicate the original findings. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] There have also been a number of studies examining associations with anxiety and affective disorders. Most of these studies have also been negative, [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] although one study found that the long allele was associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder.…”

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confidence: 99%

Association of a functional polymorphism of the serotonin transporter gene with anxiety-related temperament and behavior problems in children: a longitudinal study from infancy to the mid-teens

et al. 2000

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A polymorphism in the promoter region of the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR) has been associated with anxiety-related personality traits in adults. Initial studies showed that the short allele was associated with higher neuroticism, anxiety and harm avoidance. However, most attempts to replicate these findings have been negative. Because the association of candidate polymorphisms with behavioral traits may vary with stage of development, we investigated the association using participants in a longitudinal study of childhood temperament. DNA was available for 660 children who had been assessed for temperament from 4-8 months to 15-16 years, and for behaviour problems from 3-4 years to 15-16 years. No significant associations were found at most ages. However, at ages 13-14 years and 15-16 years, the long/long genotype was associated with higher anxiety. These findings do not support an association of the short allele with anxiety-related traits in early life. Molecular Psychiatry (2000) 5, 542-547. Temperament is an individual difference characteristic of the child that reflects the preponderant style of behaviour, and includes the dimensions of activity, sociability, and the characteristic emotional responses. 1 Temperamental traits are often considered to be genetic or constitutional in origin and to show relative stability over time. Evidence for genetic influences on temperament comes from twin and adoption studies which indicate that the heritability of temperamental traits is generally in the range 0.4-0.6. 2,3 There is also evidence of some stability over the first 8 years of life, with correlations in the range 0.7-0.8 after correction for error of measurement. 4 Although there has been considerable research in recent years searching for genetic polymorphisms associated with adult personality, there has been very little on childhood temperament which forms the roots of personality. To date, only one study has examined allelic associations with childhood temperament. This study began by examining temperament in 81 twoweek-old neonates using a neonatal assessment scale. 5 Two candidate polymorphisms were assessed, involving the dopamine D4 receptor gene (D4DR) and the promoter region of the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR). Long D4DR alleles were found to be associated with several behavioral clusters (orientation, motor organization, range of state and regulation of state), but 5-HTTLPR alleles were not. There was also a significant interaction between the two polymorphisms on orientation scores. The same infants were assessed later, at 2 months of age, using an infant behavior questionnaire. 6 Long D4DR alleles were associated with lower scores on Negative Emotionality and Distress to Limitations, while short 5-HRTLPR alleles were associated with higher scores on these variables. Again there was an interaction effect, such that Negative Emotionality and Distress to Limitations were greatest in infants with the short/short genotype of both genes.In this paper we report further data on allelic ...

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No association between serotonin transporter gene polymorphisms and personality traits

Cited by 68 publications

References 53 publications

Genetic Polymorphisms and Personality in Healthy Adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Genetic Polymorphisms and Personality in Healthy Adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Early experience and serotonin transporter gene variation interact to influence primate CNS function

Association of a functional polymorphism of the serotonin transporter gene with anxiety-related temperament and behavior problems in children: a longitudinal study from infancy to the mid-teens

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