NO and ABA Interaction Regulates Tuber Dormancy and Sprouting in Potato

Abstract

In plants, nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-like or nitrate reductase (NR) produces nitric oxide (NO), which is involved in releasing seed dormancy. However, its mechanism of effect in potato remains unclear. In this study, spraying 40 µM sodium nitroprusside (SNP), an exogenous NO donor, quickly broke tuber dormancy and efficiently promoted tuber sprouting, whereas 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3oxide (c-PTIO), an NO scavenger, repressed the influence of NO on tuber sprouting. Compared with the control (distilled water), SNP treatment led to a rapid increase in NO content after 6 h and a decreased abscisic acid (ABA) content at 12 and 24 h. c-PTIO treatment significantly inhibited increase of NO levels and increased ABA production. In addition, N G-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, an NOS inhibitor, clearly inhibited the NOS-like activity, whereas tungstate, an NR inhibitor, inhibited the NR activity. Furthermore, NO promoted the expression of a gene involved in ABA catabolism (StCYP707A1, encoding ABA 8-hydroxylase) and inhibited the expression of a gene involved in ABA biosynthesis (StNCED1, encoding 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase), thereby decreasing the ABA content, disrupting the balance between ABA and gibberellin acid (GA), and ultimately inducing dormancy release and tuber sprouting. The results demonstrated that NOSlike or NR-generated NO controlled potato tuber dormancy release and sprouting via ABA metabolism and signaling in tuber buds.

Practical Methods for Breaking Seed Dormancy in a Wild Ornamental Tulip Species Tulipa thianschanica Regel

“…Nitrogenous compounds, such as nitrate, NO and cyanide, have a positive effect on the release of dormancy [39][40][41]. Wang reported that the application of nitrate in potato promoted the expression of a gene involved in ABA catabolism (StCYP707A1) [42]. Nitrate acted as a signal regulating substance rather than a nutrient that reduced the level of dormancy.…”

Integrated Analysis of Transcriptome and Metabolome Reveals the Mechanism of Chlorine Dioxide Repressed Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Tuber Sprouting

“…Alkaloid intake in small quantities can lead to gastrointestinal symptoms, such as abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea, whereas higher alkaloid doses can cause acute poisoning or severe symptoms, such as coma, neurological disorders, cardiac failure, and paralysis (Mensinga et al, 2005 ). Our results showed that ClO 2 could improve the antioxidant capacity and the safety of potato tubers by promoting the accumulation of flavonoids and inhibiting the synthesis of alkaloids, respectively (Deng et al, 2020 ; Wang et al, 2020 ).…”

“…During the potato storage in the fresh food market, or storage of tubers for seed harvesting and industrial processing, sudden sprouting occurs (Teper-Bamnolker et al, 2010 ). Tuber sprouting is controlled by several factors, such as plant hormones, genetic factors, signaling molecules, genotype, temperature, and other storage conditions (Wang et al, 2020 ). Sprouting is also determined by metabolic activities that regulate phytohormones to exert growth control (Sonnewald, 2001 ).…”

Downregulation of lncRNA PpL-T31511 and Pp-miRn182 Promotes Hydrogen Cyanamide-Induced Endodormancy Release through the PP2C-H2O2 Pathway in Pear (Pyrus pyrifolia)

“…H 2 O 2 is regarded as a signaling molecule that regulates the dormancy process [ 58 ]. The H 2 O 2 level in dormant buds gradually increased with dormancy onset and decreased rapidly with dormancy release in perennial deciduous trees [ 31 ].…”