NMR‐based metabonomics reveals that plasma betaine increases upon intake of high‐fiber rye buns in hypercholesterolemic pigs

Abstract

This study presents an NMR-based metabonomic approach to explore the overall endogenous biochemical effects of a rye versus wheat-based fiber-rich diet in hypercholesterolemic pigs. The pigs were fed high-fat, high-cholesterol rye- (n = 9) or wheat- (n = 8) based buns with similar levels of dietary fiber for 9-10 wk. Fasting plasma samples were collected 2 days before and after 8 and 12 days on the experimental diets, while postprandial samples taken after 58-67 days, and( 1)H NMR spectra were acquired on these. Principal component analysis on the obtained NMR spectra demonstrated clear effects of diet on the plasma metabolite profile, and partial least squares regression discriminant analysis on the spectra revealed that the intensity of the spectral region at 3.29 ppm dominated the differentiation between the two diets, as the rye diet was associated with higher spectral intensity in this region. The 3.29 ppm signal is ascribed to N(CH(3))(3) protons in betaine, which may be an important contributor to the health promoting effects of rye.

Metabolomics reveals the metabolic shifts following an intervention with rye bread in postmenopausal women- a randomized control trial

“…Rye bran is a rich source of betaine [41], which may explain the increased betaine levels after rye products observed in the present and previous human and animal studies [15,42,43]. Health beneficial effects of betaine have been recently reported [44].…”

Impact of a 6-week very low-calorie diet and weight reduction on the serum and fecal metabolome of overweight subjects

“…Over the past years, metabolomics based on 1 H NMR spectroscopy coupled with multivariate data analysis has proven to be a powerful method for determination of variations in metabolite concentrations of biofluids. With a minimum of sample preparation, high reproducibility [7,8] and short experimental time, it can be considered a superior approach in dietary intervention studies providing a tool for detection of metabolite changes associated with a specific diet [9][10][11]. The application of NMR-based metabolomics analysis on fecal samples has great potential for investigating the interaction between host metabolism and the intestinal microbiota [12][13][14][15][16], and by combining analyses on serum with measurements on fecal extracts, a more complete picture of metabolic alternations caused by dietary changes can be obtained.…”

A 1H NMR-Based Metabonomic Investigation of Time-Related Metabolic Trajectories of the Plasma, Urine and Liver Extracts of Hyperlipidemic Hamsters

“…The amount of milk fat in the diet was shown to correlate positively with the degree of atherogenicity in hyperlipidemic hamsters [7], while plant sterol esters (enriched with stearate) may lower the level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in humans [8]. Consumption of whole-grain rye versus non-whole-grain wheat diets was found to yield major differences in the plasma metabolome of hypercholesterolemic pigs, particularly with regards to betaine levels [9]. In our previous study, we used 1 H-NMR-based metabonomics to evaluate the beneficial effects of 29,39,59-tri-acetyl-N6-(3-hydroxylaniline) adenosine (WS070117) for hyperlipidemic Syrian golden hamsters [10].…”