NMR-based metabonomic study of the sub-acute toxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in rats after oral administration

Bu, Qian; Yan, Guangyan; Deng, Pengchi; Peng, Feng; Lin, Hongjun; Xu, Youzhi; Cao, Zhixing; Zhou, Tian; Xue, Ai-Qin; Wang, Yanli; Cen, Xiaobo; Zhao, Yinglan

doi:10.1088/0957-4484/21/12/125105

Cited by 153 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(66 reference statements)

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“…62 In the intestine, TiO 2 nanoparticles induced inflammatory cytokine production, T-cell proliferation, hypertrophy, and hyperplasia in the mucosal epithelium. 63,64 In contrast other studies have reported little accumulation or toxicity of ingested TiO 2 nanoparticles. For example, a study where TiO 2 nanoparticles (mixture of anatase and rutile at 21 nm) were repeatedly administered (260-1041 mg/ kg) to rats did not report any significant toxicity or TiO 2 accumulation in tissues or urine, but reported high concentrations of titanium dioxide in feces, suggesting that the TiO 2 nanoparticles were mostly eliminated.…”

Section: Inorganic Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 91%

Is nano safe in foods? Establishing the factors impacting the gastrointestinal fate and toxicity of organic and inorganic food-grade nanoparticles

2017

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Nanotechnology offers the food industry a number of new approaches for improving the quality, shelf life, safety, and healthiness of foods. Nevertheless, there is concern from consumers, regulatory agencies, and the food industry about potential adverse effects (toxicity) associated with the application of nanotechnology in foods. In particular, there is concern about the direct incorporation of engineered nanoparticles into foods, such as those used as delivery systems for colors, flavors, preservatives, nutrients, and nutraceuticals, or those used to modify the optical, rheological, or flow properties of foods or food packaging. This review article summarizes the application of both inorganic (silver, iron oxide, titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, and zinc oxide) and organic (lipid, protein, and carbohydrate) nanoparticles in foods, highlights the most important nanoparticle characteristics that influence their behavior, discusses the importance of food matrix and gastrointestinal tract effects on nanoparticle properties, emphasizes potential toxicity mechanisms of different food-grade nanoparticles, and stresses important areas where research is still needed. The authors note that nanoparticles are already present in many natural and processed foods, and that new kinds of nanoparticles may be utilized as functional ingredients by the food industry in the future. Many of these nanoparticles are unlikely to have adverse affects on human health, but there is evidence that some of them could have harmful effects and that future studies are required.

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Section: Inorganic Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 91%

Is nano safe in foods? Establishing the factors impacting the gastrointestinal fate and toxicity of organic and inorganic food-grade nanoparticles

2017

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“…Bu et al also assessed the surface hydrophobicity of the quantum dots they used and speculated that the increased uptake of anionic particles may be caused by a higher hydrophobicity of these particles compared to the corresponding neutral and positive ones. 140 When studying the uptake of polystyrene particles in alveolar macrophages, Makino et al suggested that the preference of cells to ingest charged particles in their study could also be due to the greater softness of amine and carboxylfunctionalized particles compared to plain ones. 141 …”

Section: -131mentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of surface charge in cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of medical nanoparticles

Frőhlich¹

2012

IJN

1,885

1,373

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Many types of nanoparticles (NPs) are tested for use in medical products, particularly in imaging and gene and drug delivery. For these applications, cellular uptake is usually a prerequisite and is governed in addition to size by surface characteristics such as hydrophobicity and charge. Although positive charge appears to improve the efficacy of imaging, gene transfer, and drug delivery, a higher cytotoxicity of such constructs has been reported. This review summarizes findings on the role of surface charge on cytotoxicity in general, action on specific cellular targets, modes of toxic action, cellular uptake, and intracellular localization of NPs. Effects of serum and intercell type differences are addressed. Cationic NPs cause more pronounced disruption of plasma-membrane integrity, stronger mitochondrial and lysosomal damage, and a higher number of autophagosomes than anionic NPs. In general, nonphagocytic cells ingest cationic NPs to a higher extent, but charge density and hydrophobicity are equally important; phagocytic cells preferentially take up anionic NPs. Cells do not use different uptake routes for cationic and anionic NPs, but high uptake rates are usually linked to greater biological effects. The different uptake preferences of phagocytic and nonphagocytic cells for cationic and anionic NPs may influence the efficacy and selectivity of NPs for drug delivery and imaging.

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“…This is probably due to the higher hydrophobicity of negative particles compared to the corresponding neutral and positive ones. 33 The mechanisms of QDs cellular entry may be different depending on the surface charge. The blockage of QDs uptake in MDA-MB-231 cells at low temperature suggested that all the QDs entered the cells via active transport.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of surface charge in determining the biological effects of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots

Liu¹,

Li²,

Xia³

et al. 2015

IJN

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The growing potential of quantum dots (QDs) in biomedical applications has provoked the urgent need to thoroughly address their interaction with biological systems. However, only limited studies have been performed to explore the effects of surface charge on the biological behaviors of QDs. In the present study, three commercially available QDs with different surface coatings were used to systematically evaluate the effects of surface charge on the cellular uptake, cytotoxicity, and in vivo biodistribution of QDs. Our results demonstrated that charged QDs entered both cancer cells and macrophages more efficiently than neutral ones, while negative QDs internalized mostly. Upon entry into cells, QDs were localized in different subcellular compartments (eg, cytoplasm and lysosomes) depending on the surface charge. Interestingly, inconsistent with the result of internalization, positive QDs but not negative QDs exhibited severe cytotoxicity, which was likely due to their disruption of cell membrane integrity, and production of reactive oxygen species. Biodistribution studies demonstrated that negative and neutral QDs preferentially distributed in the liver and the spleen, whereas positive QDs mainly deposited in the kidney with obvious uptake in the brain. In general, surface charge plays crucial roles in determining the biological interactions of QDs.

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NMR-based metabonomic study of the sub-acute toxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in rats after oral administration

Cited by 153 publications

References 57 publications

Is nano safe in foods? Establishing the factors impacting the gastrointestinal fate and toxicity of organic and inorganic food-grade nanoparticles

Is nano safe in foods? Establishing the factors impacting the gastrointestinal fate and toxicity of organic and inorganic food-grade nanoparticles

The role of surface charge in cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of medical nanoparticles

Role of surface charge in determining the biological effects of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots

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