NMR-Based Metabolomics Profiling for Radical Scavenging and Anti-Aging Properties of Selected Herbs

Abstract

Herbs that are usually recognized as medicinal plants are well known for their therapeutic effects and are traditionally used to treat numerous diseases, including aging. This study aimed to evaluate the metabolite variations among six selected herbs namely Curcurma longa, Oenanthe javanica, Vitex negundo, Pluchea indica, Cosmos caudatus and Persicaria minus using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) coupled with multivariate data analysis (MVDA). The free radical scavenging activity of the extract was measured by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis(3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay. The anti-aging property was characterized by anti-elastase and anti-collagenase inhibitory activities. The results revealed that P. minus showed the highest radical scavenging activities and anti-aging properties. The partial least squares (PLS) biplot indicated the presence of potent metabolites in P. minus such as quercetin, quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside (quercitrin), myricetin derivatives, catechin, isorhamnetin, astragalin and apigenin. It can be concluded that P. minus can be considered as a potential source for an anti-aging ingredient and also a good free radical eradicator. Therefore, P. minus could be used in future development in anti-aging researches and medicinal ingredient preparations.

Preliminary assessment on cocrystals of nicotinamide:cinnamic acid and nicotinamide:p-coumaric acid at different solvents and ratio

“…The test was carried out in a TES or Tricine buffer. Then, collagenase enzyme from Clostridium histolyticum (ChC -EC.3.4.23.3) and synthetic substrate N-[3-(2-furyl) acryloyl]-Leu-Gly-Pro-Ala (FALGPA) were prepared by dissolving in a buffer to produce a concentration of 0.8 units/mL and 2mM respectively [18]. The final mixture contained a buffer, FALGPA, collagenase enzyme, and herbs extract.…”

“…The final mixture contained a buffer, FALGPA, collagenase enzyme, and herbs extract. Next, collagenase enzymes in the buffer were incubated at room temperature [18]. It was done to initiate the chemical reaction.…”

“…Water or buffer acts as negative control while epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) as a positive control. By using a spectrophotometer, the absorbance at 335-340 nm was read quickly after the substrate was added and then continuously for 20 minutes [18,19]. Lastly, the calculation was made to determine the inhibition activity for collagenase.…”

“…TPC activity is the process to figure out the amount of phenolic content in the extracts [28]. Based on [18,20,23,34,35,36], stem, leaf, and flower contain phenolic compounds to help boost anticollagenase, antioxidant, and anti-elastase activity. Phenolic compounds are the major class of secondary metabolites present in plants and can be further categorized into phenolic acids and polyphenols.…”

Bioactivity-Guided Fractionation and NMR-Based Identification of the Immunomodulatory Isoflavone from the Roots of Uraria crinita (L.) Desv. ex DC

“…Additionally, the 1 H NMR signal intensity, proportional to the relative number of protons, could provide useful information about the quantity of the different metabolites in herbal extracts. Therefore, NMR has been successfully used for fingerprinting and the metabolite discrimination of herbs [13,14]. Currently, NMR-based metabolomic analysis is widely used in studies of nutrients, environment, plant physiology, drug metabolism, toxicology, as well as for diagnoses and for the quality control of herbal products [10,15,16].…”