Nitrous oxide production by the ectomycorrhizal fungi Paxillus involutus and Tylospora fibrillosa

Prendergast-Miller, Miranda T.; Baggs, Elizabeth M.; Johnson, David

doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2010.02187.x

Cited by 52 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…There is increasing evidence that many fungi are capable of denitrification and act as potentially significant sources of N 2 O as they appear to lack a nitrous oxide reductase (Shoun et al, 1992;Prendergast-Miller et al, 2011). These studies have focused on ascomycete and basidiomycete species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symbiotic relationships between soil fungi and plants reduce N2O emissions from soil

et al. 2013

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N 2 O is a potent greenhouse gas involved in the destruction of the protective ozone layer in the stratosphere and contributing to global warming. The ecological processes regulating its emissions from soil are still poorly understood. Here, we show that the presence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), a dominant group of soil fungi, which form symbiotic associations with the majority of land plants and which influence a range of important ecosystem functions, can induce a reduction in N 2 O emissions from soil. To test for a functional relationship between AMF and N 2 O emissions, we manipulated the abundance of AMF in two independent greenhouse experiments using two different approaches (sterilized and re-inoculated soil and non-mycorrhizal tomato mutants) and two different soils. N 2 O emissions were increased by 42 and 33% in microcosms with reduced AMF abundance compared to microcosms with a well-established AMF community, suggesting that AMF regulate N 2 O emissions. This could partly be explained by increased N immobilization into microbial or plant biomass, reduced concentrations of mineral soil N as a substrate for N 2 O emission and altered water relations. Moreover, the abundance of key genes responsible for N 2 O production (nirK) was negatively and for N 2 O consumption (nosZ) positively correlated to AMF abundance, indicating that the regulation of N 2 O emissions is transmitted by AMF-induced changes in the soil microbial community. Our results suggest that the disruption of the AMF symbiosis through intensification of agricultural practices may further contribute to increased N 2 O emissions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symbiotic relationships between soil fungi and plants reduce N2O emissions from soil

et al. 2013

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“…Shoun notes that acidification of environments, for example, by acid rain and excessive use of ammonia fertilizer, promote fungal activity resulting in further increases in N 2 O emissions. Prendergast-Miller et al [37] have recently shown ectomycorrhizal fungal species possess the ability to produce N 2 O, suggesting that they may have a significant, but as yet unexplored, role in N 2 O production in forest ecosystems. Recent advances in isotopomer approaches promise the ability to be able to estimate the partition between fungal and bacterial N 2 O production in situ, and to allow estimates of the significance of fungal denitrification across a range of ecosystems [38].…”

Section: Biological Production and Consumption Of Nitrous Oxidementioning

confidence: 99%

Biological sources and sinks of nitrous oxide and strategies to mitigate emissions

Thomson

Giannopoulos

Pretty

et al. 2012

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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423

282

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Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) is a powerful atmospheric greenhouse gas and cause of ozone layer depletion. Global emissions continue to rise. More than two-thirds of these emissions arise from bacterial and fungal denitrification and nitrification processes in soils, largely as a result of the application of nitrogenous fertilizers. This article summarizes the outcomes of an interdisciplinary meeting, ‘Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) the forgotten greenhouse gas’, held at the Kavli Royal Society International Centre, from 23 to 24 May 2011. It provides an introduction and background to the nature of the problem, and summarizes the conclusions reached regarding the biological sources and sinks of N 2 O in oceans, soils and wastewaters, and discusses the genetic regulation and molecular details of the enzymes responsible. Techniques for providing global and local N 2 O budgets are discussed. The findings of the meeting are drawn together in a review of strategies for mitigating N 2 O emissions, under three headings, namely: (i) managing soil chemistry and microbiology, (ii) engineering crop plants to fix nitrogen, and (iii) sustainable agricultural intensification.

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“…Although fungi have been shown to mediate denitrification in surficial soils (25)(26)(27), little information on fungal denitrification in subsurface environments is available. To our knowledge, the occurrence of fungi has been described for few pristine and contaminated aquifers (28,29), and the community composition of these microbial eukaryotes in subsurface environments remains poorly characterized.…”

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confidence: 99%

Watershed-Scale Fungal Community Characterization along a pH Gradient in a Subsurface Environment Cocontaminated with Uranium and Nitrate

Jasrotia

Green

Canion

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The objective of this study was to characterize fungal communities in a subsurface environment cocontaminated with uranium and nitrate at the watershed scale and to determine the potential contribution of fungi to contaminant transformation (nitrate attenuation). The abundance, distribution, and diversity of fungi in subsurface groundwater samples were determined using quantitative and semiquantitative molecular techniques, including quantitative PCR of eukaryotic small-subunit rRNA genes and pyrosequencing of fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions. Potential bacterial and fungal denitrification was assessed in sediment-groundwater slurries amended with antimicrobial compounds and in fungal pure cultures isolated from the subsurface. Our results demonstrate that subsurface fungal communities are dominated by members of the phylum Ascomycota, and a pronounced shift in fungal community composition occurs across the groundwater pH gradient at the field site, with lower diversity observed under acidic (pH <4.5) conditions. Fungal isolates recovered from subsurface sediments, including cultures of the genus Coniochaeta, which were detected in abundance in pyrosequence libraries of site groundwater samples, were shown to reduce nitrate to nitrous oxide. Denitrifying fungal isolates recovered from the site were classified and found to be distributed broadly within the phylum Ascomycota and within a single genus of the Basidiomycota. Potential denitrification rate assays with sediment-groundwater slurries showed the potential for subsurface fungi to reduce nitrate to nitrous oxide under in situ acidic pH conditions.

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Nitrous oxide production by the ectomycorrhizal fungi Paxillus involutus and Tylospora fibrillosa

Cited by 52 publications

References 37 publications

Symbiotic relationships between soil fungi and plants reduce N2O emissions from soil

Symbiotic relationships between soil fungi and plants reduce N2O emissions from soil

Biological sources and sinks of nitrous oxide and strategies to mitigate emissions

Watershed-Scale Fungal Community Characterization along a pH Gradient in a Subsurface Environment Cocontaminated with Uranium and Nitrate

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