Nitrous oxide from streams and rivers: A review of primary biogeochemical pathways and environmental variables

Quick, A. M.; Reeder, W. J.; Farrell, T. B.; Tonina, Daniele; Feris, Kevin P.; Benner, S. G.

doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.02.021

Cited by 207 publications

(205 citation statements)

References 222 publications

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“…suboxic) conditions (see, e.g., Brase et al, 2017;Zhang et al, 2010), whereas N 2 O can be reduced to N 2 under anoxic conditions via sedimentary denitrification in rivers (see, e.g., Upstill-Goddard et al, 2017). Apart from ambient oxygen (O 2 ) concentrations, riverine and estuarine N 2 O production is also dependent on the concentrations of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN; = NH + 4 + NO 2− + NO − 3 ) and organic carbon (Quick et al, 2019). There seems to be a general trend towards high estuarine/riverine N 2 O concentrations when DIN concentrations are high as well (Barnes and Upstill-Goddard, 2011;Quick et al, 2019;Zhang et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apart from ambient oxygen (O 2 ) concentrations, riverine and estuarine N 2 O production is also dependent on the concentrations of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN; = NH + 4 + NO 2− + NO − 3 ) and organic carbon (Quick et al, 2019). There seems to be a general trend towards high estuarine/riverine N 2 O concentrations when DIN concentrations are high as well (Barnes and Upstill-Goddard, 2011;Quick et al, 2019;Zhang et al, 2010). However, this trend masks the fact that in many cases the spatial and temporal variability of riverine and estuarine N 2 O is often not related to DIN (see, e.g., Borges et al, 2015;Brase et al, 2017;Müller et al, 2016a;Quick et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) in rivers and estuaries of northwestern Borneo

et al. 2019

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Abstract. Nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) are atmospheric trace gases which play important roles in the climate and atmospheric chemistry of the Earth. However, little is known about their emissions from rivers and estuaries, which seem to contribute significantly to the atmospheric budget of both gases. To this end concentrations of N2O and CH4 were measured in the Rajang, Maludam, Sebuyau and Simunjan rivers draining peatland in northwestern (NW) Borneo during two campaigns in March and September 2017. The Rajang River was additionally sampled in August 2016 and the Samunsam and Sematan rivers were additionally sampled in March 2017. The Maludam, Sebuyau, and Simunjan rivers are typical “blackwater” rivers with very low pH (3.7–7.8), very high dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations (235–4387 mmol L−1) and very low O2 concentrations (31–246 µmol L−1; i.e. 13 %–116 % O2 saturation). The spatial and temporal variability of N2O and CH4 concentrations (saturations) in the six rivers or estuaries was large and ranged from 2.0 nmol L−1 (28 %) to 41.4 nmol L−1 (570 %) and from 2.5 nmol L−1 (106 %) to 1372 nmol L−1 (57 459 %), respectively. We found no overall trends of N2O with O2 or NO3-, NO2- or NH4+, and there were no trends of CH4 with O2 or dissolved nutrients or DOC. N2O concentrations showed a positive linear correlation with rainfall. We conclude, therefore, that rainfall is the main factor determining the riverine N2O concentrations since N2O production or consumption in the blackwater rivers themselves seems to be low because of the low pH. CH4 concentrations were highest at salinity = 0 and most probably result from methanogenesis as part of the decomposition of organic matter under anoxic conditions. CH4 in the concentrations in the blackwater rivers showed an inverse relationship with rainfall. We suggest that CH4 oxidation in combination with an enhanced river flow after the rainfall events might be responsible for the decrease in the CH4 concentrations. The rivers and estuaries studied here were an overall net source of N2O and CH4 to the atmosphere. The total annual N2O and CH4 emissions were 1.09 Gg N2O yr−1 (0.7 Gg N yr−1) and 23.8 Gg CH4 yr−1, respectively. This represents about 0.3 %–0.7 % of the global annual riverine and estuarine N2O emissions and about 0.1 %–1 % of the global riverine and estuarine CH4 emissions. Therefore, we conclude that rivers and estuaries in NW Borneo – despite the fact their water area covers only 0.05 % of the global river/estuarine area – contribute significantly to global riverine and estuarine emissions of N2O and CH4.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) in rivers and estuaries of northwestern Borneo

et al. 2019

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“…Given the projected increase in N loading to fluvial ecosystems and uncertainties surrounding global emission estimates, there is a clear need to improve understanding of N 2 O dynamics to more accurately model and predict emissions from streams and rivers (Dumont et al, 2005;Boyer et al, 2006;Hu et al, 2016;Quick et al, 2019). Refining emission estimates is critical for informing possible mitigation strategies in response to increasing anthropogenic N 2 O emissions particularly those regarding the balance between nitrification and denitrification as drivers of N 2 O production (Maavara et al, 2019;Quick et al, 2019).…”

Section: Eq 1: How Does Variability In Dom Composition Influence N Prmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many N 2 O producing pathways have similar yet not identical environmental optima (Quick et al, 2019), making it difficult to interpret correlations between predictor variables and concentrations and fluxes of N 2 O. As a result, it is difficult to confidently assign certain processes to observed patterns.…”

Section: Eq 1: How Does Variability In Dom Composition Influence N Prmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Understanding the controls on the mobilization and transport of sediment to the stream networks would provide essential insights in the contribution of storms and extreme events to the export of N and in-stream dynamics that connect sediment production to NO − 3 biogeochemistry. Denitrification correlates positively with the concentration of suspended sediments (Liu et al, 2013) due to an abundance of anoxic microsites which facilitate the reduction of NO − 3 (Quick et al, 2019). The relationship between sediments and NO − 3 biogeochemistry may have significant implications for NO − 3 removal from the river network and N 2 O production (Figure 4).…”

Section: Eq 3: How Do Concentrations and Fluxes Of Nitrogen Respond Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

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LINX I and II: Lessons Learned and Emerging Questions

Wymore

Rodriguez-Cardona

Herreid

et al. 2019

Front. Environ. Sci.

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The Lotic Intersite Nitrogen eXperiments (LINX I and II) were a series of replicated in situ manipulations of 15 N across biomes and land-uses designed to assess the factors that control the removal, retention, and ultimate fate of inorganic nitrogen in stream ecosystems. By studying streams at the continental scale, the lessons learned provide some of the best data available to understand the functional role of streams across the landscape, the management implications of nitrogen uptake in streams and rivers, and the value of small streams in elucidating fundamental principles of ecosystem science. Because small streams are characterized by high throughput and low standing stocks of primary producers and stored carbon and nutrients, they provide unique opportunities to assess the fundamental drivers of nitrogen cycling that would be difficult to conduct in other ecosystems. In addition to the water quality implications of understanding controls on nitrogen delivery to downstream systems, LINX I and II also provide unique insights for ecosystem science and stream ecology more broadly. Here we review a series of ecosystem and network-scale lessons that can be inferred from LINX I and II. We then propose three emergent research questions motivated by the LINX projects which are amenable to future continental-scale work. LINX I and II also demonstrate the value of a highly collaborative, distributed approach to ecosystem science that requires each member of the team to conduct a standardized protocol while simultaneously encouraging team member to improve protocols and develop cross-site projects in his or her specific area of expertise.

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Restoring the Liver of the River

Howard,

Baker,

Blackmore

et al. 2024

Ecohydrological Interfaces

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Nitrous oxide from streams and rivers: A review of primary biogeochemical pathways and environmental variables

Cited by 207 publications

References 222 publications

Nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) and methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) in rivers and estuaries of northwestern Borneo

Nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) and methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) in rivers and estuaries of northwestern Borneo

LINX I and II: Lessons Learned and Emerging Questions

Restoring the Liver of the River

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Nitrous oxide from streams and rivers: A review of primary biogeochemical pathways and environmental variables

Cited by 207 publications

References 222 publications

Nitrous oxide (N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O) and methane (CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;) in rivers and estuaries of northwestern Borneo

Nitrous oxide (N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O) and methane (CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;) in rivers and estuaries of northwestern Borneo

LINX I and II: Lessons Learned and Emerging Questions

Restoring the Liver of the River

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) and methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) in rivers and estuaries of northwestern Borneo

Nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) and methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) in rivers and estuaries of northwestern Borneo