Nitrous oxide emissions in silvopastoral systems: Key driving variables and seasonality

Cardoso, Abmael da Silva; Alari, Fernando de Oliveira; Andrade, Nomaiací de; Nascimento, Tiago da Silva; Alves, Bruno José Rodrigues; Ruggieri, Ana Cláudia; Malheiros, Euclides Braga

doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2022.108851

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The range of N excreta lost as NH 3 in the present study was in the range of 2-21% observed in previous studies in the tropical region [10,12,30]. However, they were lower than the IPCC default emission factor of 21% from the national guidelines for greenhouse gas emissions [1,8]. Ammonia emissions are an indirect source of N 2 O; therefore, studies quantifying its emissions are important to refine GHG inventories and environmental assessments of bovine production in grazing systems.…”

Section: Ammonia Volatilizationsupporting

confidence: 41%

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Emission of Greenhouse Gases and Ammonia from the Excreta of Nellore Bulls Submitted to Energy and Tannin Supplementation

et al. 2023

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Animal supplementation during the background phase may increase greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). The inclusion of tannins in the diet of Nellore bulls can mitigate nitrous oxide (N2O), methane (CH4), and ammonia (NH3) production. The objective of this study was to quantify the effect of energy supplementation associated with sources of tannins in the diet of young Nellore bulls backgrounded in pastures with N2O, CH4, and NH3 emissions. Two experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design. The treatments were three supplementation strategies: (1) soybean hulls 0.3% of body weight (BW), (2) sorghum grain 0.3% of the BW, and (3) peanut peel 0.3% of BW, the last two being sources of tannin. The static closed chambers method was used to quantify N2O and CH4 emissions and the semi-open chamber technique to estimate NH3 volatilization. Supplementation strategies did not affect the N2O emissions (p = 0.9116). The soil water-filled pore space explained the variation in the N2O fluxes (p = 0.0071). The treatments did not change the total CH4 emissions (p = 0.3599), and no explanatory variable was correlated with the CH4 fluxes. The NH3 volatilization did not vary according to the supplements or tannin inclusion (p = 0.5170). However, the type of excreta affected the NH3 volatilization (p < 0.0001). Ammonia volatilization averaged 14.05, 4.16, and 2.25% of the applied N for urine, urine + dung, and dung, respectively. The energetic supplementation of Nellore bulls containing sources of tannins in the evaluated dosages was not a mitigation strategy for the emissions of N2O, CH4, and NH3.

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Section: Ammonia Volatilizationsupporting

confidence: 41%

“…Cardoso et al [2] reported that, with increased grazing intensity, N 2 O emissions also increase due to the rise of N being returned to the soil through the excreta (mainly from urine). In addition, variables such as soil temperature and moisture drive the N 2 O production process [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emission of Greenhouse Gases and Ammonia from the Excreta of Nellore Bulls Submitted to Energy and Tannin Supplementation

et al. 2023

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“…The hourly gases fluxes (mg of N 2 O or CH 4 or CO 2 per m −2 h −1 ) were calculated according to Cardoso et al 55 : where δC/δt is the change in gas concentration in the chamber during the deployment time; V and A are the chamber volume and soil area covered by the chamber, respectively; M is the molecular weight of the gas; and Vm is the molecular volume of gas. The Vm parameter was corrected to the standard conditions of temperature and pressure as Vm = 0.02241 × (273.15 + Tc/273.15) × p0/p1, where 0.02241 is the molar volume (m 3 ), Tc is the chamber headspace temperature at sampling time (°C), p0 is the air pressure at sea level, and p1 is the local pressure calculated using the barometric equation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inclusion of a tannin-rich legume in the diet of beef steers reduces greenhouse gas emissions from their excreta

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Dubeux

Ciriaco

et al. 2022

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The objectives of this study were to determine the emission of nitrous oxide (N2O), methane (CH4), and carbon dioxide (CO2), as well as the isotopic composition of N2O from excreta of beef steers fed ‘AU Grazer’ sericea lespedeza hay [SL; Lespedeza cuneata (Dum. Cours.) G. Don]. Fifteen Brahman × Angus crossbred steers were fed one of three experimental diets: 0, 50, or 100% inclusion of SL into ‘Tifton 85’ bermudagrass hay (Cynodon spp.). Gas sampling occurred on days 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 18, 25, and 32 after urine or feces application to static chambers for two experimental periods. Effect of the day after feces application (P < 0.001), while day × inclusion of SL interaction was observed in urine (P < 0.001) for all greenhouse gases (GHG) analyzed. Peaks of emission of all GHG in urine and feces occurred in the first days (P < 0.001), with days 3 and 5 being most depleted in 15N-N2O in feces, and days 3, 5, and 7, in urine (P < 0.001). Feeding SL to beef steers was effective in mitigating the emission of GHG from the excreta, but further research is necessary to investigate the mechanisms behind the reductions.

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“…The correct choice of the forestry and forage component plays a fundamental role in ensuring the success of the SPS implementation. Thus, the forest species should allow the luminous incidence to reach the forage canopy, must have low invasive potential, and provide marketable products [2]. In Brazil, the genus Eucalyptus has been highlighted for use in SPS because it presents desirable characteristics, besides being one of the most studied species for this purpose.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Are Warm-Season Pastures’ Nutritive Value and Fermentation Characteristics Affected by Open Pasture, Silvopasture, and Sward Herbage Maturity?

et al. 2023

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This study aimed to evaluate the forage mass and nutritional value (NV) of Guinea Massai grass (Megathyrsus maximus × Megathyrsus infestum) in an open pasture (OP) or the silvopastoral system (SPS) at different stages of development (SDs). The experimental design was completely randomized, with five replications. The treatments were distributed in a factorial scheme 2 × 4, corresponding to types of systems (OP and SPS) and four SD (vegetative stage—S1, pre-flowering—S2, full flowering—S3 and maturity after flowering—S4). There was no interaction of the system × stage of plant development in any of the variables evaluated. The production of forage mass and Guinea Massai grass morphological components did not differ (p > 0.05) between SPS and OP. However, they differed between the SDs (p ≤ 0.05), with an increasing linear effect for forage mass, percentage of the stem, and dead material, and decreasing for leaf percentage and leaf: stem ratio. Only protein content differed (p < 0.05) among the chemical composition variables between culture systems. The shading caused by the SPS did not decrease the forage mass, NV, and in vitro dry matter digestibility of Guinea Massai grass compared to the system in OP. The advance of the SD of Guinea Massai grass increases the forage mass, with higher proportions of morphological components of low NV, such as stem and dead material. Silvopastoral system of Guinea Massai grass and eucalyptus is effective to prolongate the grazing season, with a greater amount of green leaves in the sward and better NV, without compromising herbage mass production in the forage growing season.

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Nitrous oxide emissions in silvopastoral systems: Key driving variables and seasonality

Cited by 6 publications

References 41 publications

Emission of Greenhouse Gases and Ammonia from the Excreta of Nellore Bulls Submitted to Energy and Tannin Supplementation

Emission of Greenhouse Gases and Ammonia from the Excreta of Nellore Bulls Submitted to Energy and Tannin Supplementation

Inclusion of a tannin-rich legume in the diet of beef steers reduces greenhouse gas emissions from their excreta

How Are Warm-Season Pastures’ Nutritive Value and Fermentation Characteristics Affected by Open Pasture, Silvopasture, and Sward Herbage Maturity?

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