Nitrous oxide emissions in Chinese vegetable systems: A meta-analysis

Wang, Xiaozhong; Zou, Chunqin; Gao, Xiaopeng; Guan, Xiangying; Zhang, Wushuai; Zhang, Yueqiang; Shi, Xiaojun; Chen, Xinping

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2018.03.090

Cited by 106 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…However, SOC increased with the agricultural land-use intensity (conversion from non-vegetable to vegetable field) in the present study. This increase of SOC mainly results from the increase of net primary productivity (an increasing amount of residues returned to the soil) and intensification of agricultural inputs: fertilizer, irrigation, and manure [28,29]. Large amounts of manure were utilized by vegetable cultivation in Cangshan County and offset greenhouse gases released from tillage or microbial decomposition [30,31].…”

Section: Soc Increment Under Vegetable Cultivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition of a Soil Organic Carbon Increment under Different Vegetable Cultivation Patterns: A Study Using Three SOC Pools

Liu

Liu²,

Feng

et al. 2018

Sustainability

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Previous studies suggest that vegetable cultivation increases soil organic carbon (SOC) storage. However, how stable the SOC increment is, and how greenhouse cultivation contributes to the SOC increment in terms of quantity and stability, remains unclear. Soil samples were taken from three typical vegetable cultivation pattern fields: open field (OF), seasonal greenhouse (SG), and permanent greenhouse (PG), as well as adjacent non-vegetable fields. Three conceptual SOC pools, including active (C a ), slow (C s ), and resistant (C r ) pools were fractionated to evaluate SOC sequestration and its stability in vegetable cultivation. The results indicate that vegetable cultivation is associated with greater stored SOC compared with non-vegetable cultivation (SOC increased by 57.9% on average). Using non-vegetable fields as a reference, SOC increments by vegetable cultivation were associated with a higher proportion of C a (3.7-6.6%) than the reference fields (1.0-2.0%), indicating that the SOC increments might be easily decomposed. Among the three vegetable cultivation patterns, SG, with a higher increase in C r , is recommended due to its relatively more stable SOC sequestration. Overall, vegetable cultivation could enhance the quantity of SOC, but the stability of the SOC increment is affected by the vegetable cultivation pattern.

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Section: Soc Increment Under Vegetable Cultivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition of a Soil Organic Carbon Increment under Different Vegetable Cultivation Patterns: A Study Using Three SOC Pools

Liu

Liu²,

Feng

et al. 2018

Sustainability

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“…This high nutrient supply has the potential to pollute air, water, and other ecosystem components (Tuomisto et al, 2012;Meng et al, 2017). Increasing evidences suggest that in China greenhouse vegetable production has not only become an important source of N 2 O and NO emissions (Yao et al, 2015;Wang et al, 2018), but also induces large losses via nutrient leaching (Song et al, 2009;Yan et al, 2013), acidification and salinity of soils, and groundwater contamination (Shi et al, 2009). Three management systems examined in this study are the most commonly adopted by farmers in Northern China, but the input of nutrients and C from the organic materials/fertilizer used may be much higher than the environmental standards required for sustainable vegetable production, as the N input in Chinese vegetable management far exceeds the EU's limit (170 kg N ha -1 ).…”

Section: Influence Of Different Fertilization On Soc In Greenhouse Vementioning

confidence: 99%

Intensive organic vegetable production increases soil organic carbon but with a lower carbon conversion efficiency than integrated management

Zhao

Bol

et al. 2020

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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Intensive vegetable production in greenhouses has rapidly expanded in China since the 1990s and increased to 1.3 million ha of farmland by 2016, which is the highest in the world. We conducted an 11‐year greenhouse vegetable production experiment from 2002 to 2013 to observe soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics under three management systems, i.e., conventional (CON), integrated (ING), and intensive organic (ORG) farming. Soil samples (0–20 and 20–40 cm depth) were collected in 2002 and 2013 and separated into four particle‐size fractions, i.e., coarse sand (> 250 µm), fine sand (250–53 µm), silt (53–2 µm), and clay (< 2 µm). The SOC contents and δ13C values of the whole soil and the four particle‐size fractions were analyzed. After 11 years of vegetable farming, ORG and ING significantly increased SOC stocks (0–20 cm) by 4008 ± 36.6 and 2880 ± 365 kg C ha−1 y−1, respectively, 8.1‐ and 5.8‐times that of CON (494 ± 42.6 kg C ha−1 y−1). The SOC stock increase in ORG at 20–40 cm depth was 245 ± 66.4 kg C ha−1 y−1, significantly higher than in ING (66 ± 13.4 kg C ha−1 y−1) and CON (109 ± 44.8 kg C ha−1 y−1). Analyses of 13C revealed a significant increase in newly produced SOC in both soil layers in ORG. However, the carbon conversion efficiency (CE: increased organic carbon in soil divided by organic carbon input) was lower in ORG (14.4%–21.7%) than in ING (18.2%–27.4%). Among the four particle‐sizes in the 0–20 cm layer, the silt fraction exhibited the largest proportion of increase in SOC content (57.8% and 55.4% of the SOC increase in ORG and ING, respectively). A similar trend was detected in the 20–40 cm soil layer. Over all, intensive organic (ORG) vegetable production increases soil organic carbon but with a lower carbon conversion efficiency than integrated (ING) management.

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“…[4]. According to a recent meta-analysis [5], the average annual input of fertilizer N in vegetable cultivation was about seven-times as much as the field crops. The average N 2 O emission and nitrate leaching of greenhouse vegetable production system in China were 3.91 kg N 2 O-N ha −1 and 79.1 kg N ha −1 , significantly higher than those of field crops system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Vegetable Cultivation Reduces Resource and Environmental Costs While Increasing Farmers’ Income in the North China Plain

Zhang

et al. 2020

Agronomy

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Organic cultivation has been promoted in recent years as a possible alternative to conventional cultivation in order to reduce environmental burdens and nonrenewable resource use. However, a comprehensive assessment of the sustainability of different vegetable cultivation modes is currently lacking. In this study, a combined use of economic analysis (ECA), emergy analysis (EMA), and lifecycle assessment (LCA) was conducted to evaluate the economic performance, resource use, and environmental impacts of three greenhouse eggplant production modes, namely conventional (CON), low-input (LOW), and organic (ORG) cultivation. ECA results showed that the economic profit and value to cost ratio of ORG increased by 14%–17% and 36%–41% compared with CON and LOW, respectively. EMA results showed that ORG had higher resource use efficiency. The unit emergy value and emergy sustainability index of ORG increased by 37%–49% and 45%–65% than those of CON and LOW, respectively. LCA results revealed lower potential environmental impacts for ORG, and its total potential environment impact index was 80%–91% lower than that of CON and LOW. These results showed that organic vegetable cultivation reduced resource and environmental costs while increasing farmers’ income, which is the most sustainable vegetable production mode in the North China Plain.

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Nitrous oxide emissions in Chinese vegetable systems: A meta-analysis

Cited by 106 publications

References 43 publications

Composition of a Soil Organic Carbon Increment under Different Vegetable Cultivation Patterns: A Study Using Three SOC Pools

Composition of a Soil Organic Carbon Increment under Different Vegetable Cultivation Patterns: A Study Using Three SOC Pools

Intensive organic vegetable production increases soil organic carbon but with a lower carbon conversion efficiency than integrated management

Organic Vegetable Cultivation Reduces Resource and Environmental Costs While Increasing Farmers’ Income in the North China Plain

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