Nitrous oxide emissions from red clover and winter wheat residues depend on interacting effects of distribution, soil N availability and moisture level

Taghizadeh‐Toosi, Arezoo; Janz, Baldur; Labouriau, Rodrigo; Olesen, Jørgen E.; Butterbach‐Bahl, Klaus; Petersen, Søren O.

doi:10.1007/s11104-021-05030-8

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Soil mineral N pools in all treatments were measured at four destructive samplings after 1, 6, 22, and 43 d of incubation. Further details about the experimental treatments, preparations, and analytical methods are given by Taghizadeh-Toosi et al (2021).…”

Section: Laboratory Incubation Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(2) For soil moisture, for the control treatments, the initial volumetric water content was calculated from the water-filled pore space (WFPS) levels of 40 % or 60 % and the total porosity of 0.53. For the residue treatments, the initial volumetric water content was calculated from the moisture content of soil and crop residues (Taghizadeh-Toosi et al, 2021). (3) For organic matter pools, the partitioning of soil organic C between litter1, litter2, and humus was defined by the ratio 0.02 : 0.54 : 0.44 (Gijsman et al, 2002).…”

Section: Simulation Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides, CoupModel has integrated modules that implement parameter calibration and uncertainty analysis (Jansson, 2012). The calibration datasets used in the model were obtained from a 43 d laboratory incubation using a factorial-based design with various crop residue practices and abiotic factors (Taghizadeh-Toosi et al, 2021). Specifically, our objectives were (i) to conduct a global sensitivity analysis for parameters in a CoupModel setup that represents soil N and C processes for incubation treatments; (ii) to calibrate the model and assess model uncertainty in the estimates of N 2 O and CO 2 emissions, soil ammonium, and nitrate under different residue applications; and (iii) to discuss any limitations in the model optimization with short-term incubation experiments and suggest directions for future model development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling nitrous oxide emissions from agricultural soil incubation experiments using CoupModel

Zhang

Jansson

et al. 2022

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. Efforts to develop effective climate mitigation strategies for agriculture require methods to estimate nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from soil. Process-based biogeochemical models have been often used for field- and large-scale estimates, while the sensitivity and uncertainty of model applications to incubation experiments are less investigated. In this study, a process-oriented model (CoupModel) was used to simulate N2O and CO2 fluxes and soil mineral nitrogen (N) contents in a short-term (43 d) factorial incubation experiment (16 treatments). A global sensitivity analysis (GSA) approach, “Morris screening”, was applied to quantify parameter sensitivity. The GSA suggested that a higher number of sensitive parameters was associated with N2O flux estimates and that inter-treatment variations in parameter sensitivities were distinguished by soil moisture levels or NO3- content and residue types. Important parameters regarding N2O flux estimates were linked to the decomposability of soil organic matter (e.g., organic C pool sizes) and the denitrification process (e.g., Michaelis constant and denitrifier respiratory rates). After calibration, the model better captured temporal variations and magnitude of gas fluxes and mineral N in unamended soils than in residue-amended soils. Low-magnitude daily and cumulative N2O fluxes were well simulated with mean errors (MEs) close to zero, but the model tended to underestimate N2O fluxes, as observed daily values increased by over 0.1 g N m−2 d−1, in which the major mismatch was due to limited success of the model to describe the high emissions during the first few days after crop residue addition. A larger uncertainty was also seen in the magnitude of pulse emissions by the posterior simulations. We also evaluated ancillary variables regarding N cycling, which indicated that more frequent measurements and additional types of observed data such as soil oxygen content and the microbial sources of emitted N2O are required to further evaluate model performance and biases. The major challenges for calibration were associated with high sensitivities of denitrification parameters to initial soil abiotic conditions and the instantaneous residue amendment. Model structure uncertainties and improved modeling practices in the context of incubation experiments were discussed.

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Section: Laboratory Incubation Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Simulation Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling nitrous oxide emissions from agricultural soil incubation experiments using CoupModel

Zhang

Jansson

et al. 2022

Biogeosciences

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“…Thus, our data indicate that when the initial Nmin content in the soil is low, residues with a moderate C:N ratio below 30 can also have a near nil effect on N2O emissions, yet even a moderate increase in soil NO3 -(1.5 g N m -2 or ~30 μg g -1 in our study) can raise N2O emission several-fold. Thus, much attention should be given to avoiding excess mineral N in the soil before ploughing, or fertilization shortly after ploughing (Taghizadeh-Toosi et al 2021).…”

Section: Effect Of Quality Traits -Agrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If hot spots are sufficiently apart, the resulting effect will be additive, while if residues are sufficiently near, they will induce more severely anoxic conditions. Using a similar experimental setup with 8 cm high soil columns but either mixing AGR in the upper 4 cm soil layer (intended to resemble harrowing) or laying them compact between the upper and lower soil layers ('sandwich', intended to resemble ploughing), Taghizadeh-Toosi et al (2021) found that the 'sandwich' set enhanced emissions. Carter et al (2014) also reported that incorporation of grass-clover green manure by simulated harrowing (mixing in the upper 5 cm of soil) reduces N2O fluxes compared to simulated ploughing (layered at 15 cm depth).…”

Section: Residue Distribution and Additive Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low N2O emissions induced by root-derived residues compared to aboveground residues of red clover or grasses mixed in the soil hinge on slow decomposition rate

Bleken

Rittl

Nadeem

2022

Preprint

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IPCC default guidelines assume a constant N 2 O emission factor (EF N2O ) for belowground residues (BGR) as for aboveground residues (AGR) and that following the renewal of temporary grasslands, BGR contribute ~70% of total N 2 O emissions from nonremovable residues (BGR+Stubble). However, empirical data on N 2 O emissions from BGR not confounded with AGR are lacking. We hypothesized that in leys EF N2O would be considerably lower for BGR than AGR because root chemical composition and tight interaction with soil particles provide protection from decomposition.Soil rich in fresh BGR (in situ roots of a grass mixture or of red clover) and BGR-free soil were incubated alone or mixed with stubble or herbage and different KNO3 doses, over 107 days in a clay loam kept at 15 °C and 60% water-filled pore space. The results indicate that the effect of plant residues on N2O emissions depends on the enhancement of soil respiration. The carbon decay rate was an abundant order of magnitude lower in BGR than in AGR. Correspondingly the ratio of BGR EFN2O to that of AGR was ~0.06. Furthermore, the EFN2O of BGR remained low also in presence of an abundant dose of KNO3. In contrast, the EFN2O of AGR depended on their C:N ratio or on the presence of NO3 - in the soil. The recalcitrance of BGR was not linked to common quality parameters as C:N. Improved N2O accounting should consider the effect of labile carbon in crop residues and the singular recalcitrance of the roots, in addition to the residue N content.

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Nitrogen transformation as affected by decomposition of ¹⁵N‐labeled cover crop shoots and roots

Süß,

Kemmann,

Helfrich

et al. 2024

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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BackgroundIncorporation of cover crop (cc) shoot and root biomass can have different effects on nitrogen (N) dynamics and the transformation of soil‐derived N and cc N.AimsThe objective was to determine the effects of different ccs, cc compartments (roots and shoots), and pretreatment of cc biomass (fresh vs. dried) on mineralization processes and on the transformation of soil and cc N following incorporation into a silty loam soil.MethodsSoil columns with incorporated 15N‐labeled root and shoot biomass of two cc species (winter rye and oil radish) and different pretreatments (dried and fresh) were incubated for 70 days at a constant temperature and soil moisture (8°C, 40% water‐filled pore space). Carbon and N transformation dynamics were determined repeatedly, distinguishing between N originating from cc biomass and from soil.ResultsNet CO2 emission was related to the amount of soluble cell components added with ccs. Net N mineralization was negatively related to the C:N ratio of cc biomass. The incorporation of dried cc biomass caused higher initial soil respiration and N immobilization than fresh biomass. All treatments with cc incorporation showed increased N2O emission. Emitted N2O‐N consisted mainly of cc N (55%–57%) in treatments with fresh shoot biomass, whereas soil N was the main source of N2O (75%) in the treatment with fresh oil radish roots. Recovery of cc 15N was affected by crop compartment and pretreatment. At the end of the incubation, it was 17.5%–42.3% in soil NO3−, 0.1%–8.1% in microbial biomass N, and less than 0.23% of cc N was found in cumulative N2O emission.ConclusionThe incorporation of cc roots and shoots had different effects on N mobilization and immobilization processes and on the partitioning of cc N. These processes can be influenced significantly by pretreatment of the added plant biomass (dried vs. fresh).

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Nitrous oxide emissions from red clover and winter wheat residues depend on interacting effects of distribution, soil N availability and moisture level

Cited by 16 publications

References 50 publications

Modeling nitrous oxide emissions from agricultural soil incubation experiments using CoupModel

Modeling nitrous oxide emissions from agricultural soil incubation experiments using CoupModel

Low N2O emissions induced by root-derived residues compared to aboveground residues of red clover or grasses mixed in the soil hinge on slow decomposition rate

Nitrogen transformation as affected by decomposition of ¹⁵N‐labeled cover crop shoots and roots

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Nitrous oxide emissions from red clover and winter wheat residues depend on interacting effects of distribution, soil N availability and moisture level

Cited by 16 publications

References 50 publications

Modeling nitrous oxide emissions from agricultural soil incubation experiments using CoupModel

Modeling nitrous oxide emissions from agricultural soil incubation experiments using CoupModel

Low N2O emissions induced by root-derived residues compared to aboveground residues of red clover or grasses mixed in the soil hinge on slow decomposition rate

Nitrogen transformation as affected by decomposition of 15N‐labeled cover crop shoots and roots

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Nitrogen transformation as affected by decomposition of ¹⁵N‐labeled cover crop shoots and roots