Nitrous oxide emissions from grassland and spring barley, following N fertiliser application with and without nitrification inhibitors

Ip, McTaggart; Clayton, H.; Parker, John P.; La, Swan; Ka, Smith

doi:10.1007/s003740050312

Cited by 128 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Although the correlations between N 2 O fluxes and soil WFPS were less significant (P > 0.05), the positive correlations in NP (0.2 < R s < 0.4) and SN (0.127 < R s < 0.314) plots also indicated that WFPS stimulated N 2 O emissions from the agricultural field. Nitrification and denitrification have been recognized as the main N 2 O production processes in soils, and the favorable WFPS levels for nitrification and denitrification were generally occurred at 30%-70% and 70%-90%, respectively (Davidson, 1993;Granli and Bøkman, 1994;McTaggart et al, 1997). Compared with the soils having gley, McLain and Martens (2006) reported that heterotrophic nitrification processes strongly impact N 2 O production in a well-drained semiarid soil (typic Torrifluvents).…”

Section: N 2 O Emissions From Fertilized Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrous oxide emissions from a maize field during two consecutive growing seasons in the North China Plain

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2012

Journal of Environmental Sciences

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Section: N 2 O Emissions From Fertilized Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrous oxide emissions from a maize field during two consecutive growing seasons in the North China Plain

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2012

Journal of Environmental Sciences

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“…In studies by McTaggart et al (1994McTaggart et al ( ,1997 and McTaggart & Smith (1996), the emissions of N2O from soils under grassland and arable crops were measured following application of NH;, or NHt-forming fertilizers with and without DCD and nitrapyrin, to determine the effectiveness of these substances as a means of reducing N20 emissions from agricultural soils in a cool temperate climate. The measurements were made at a grassland site, on a clay loam soil, over two growing seasons.…”

Section: Controlled-release Fertilizersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emissions of N₂O and NO associated with nitrogen fertilization in intensive agriculture, and the potential for mitigation

Smith

McTaggart

Tsuruta

1997

Soil Use and Management

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229

119

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Abstract. Increases in the atmospheric concentrations of nitrous oxide (Nz 0) contribute to global warming and to ozone depletion in the stratosphere. Nitric oxide (NO) is a cause of acid rain and tropospheric ozone. The use of N fertilizers in agriculture has direct and indirect effects on the emissions of both these gases, which are the result of microbial nitrification and denitrification in the soil, and which are controlled principally by soil water and mineral N contents, temperature and labile organic matter.The global emission ofNzO from cultivated land is now estimated at 3.5 T g N annually, ofwhich 1.5 T g has been directly attributed to synthetic N fertilizers, out of a total quantity applied in 1990 of about 77Tg N. This amount was 150% above the 1970 figure. The total fertilizer-induced emissions of NO are somewhere in the range 0.5-5 Tg N. Mineral N fertilizers can also be indirect as well as direct sources of N20 and NO emissions, via deposition of volatilized NH3 on natural ecosystems and denitrification of leached nitrate in subsoils, waters and sediments.IPCC currently assume an NzO emission factor of 1.25 i 1.0% of fertilizer N applied. No allowance is made for different fertilizer types, on the basis that soil management and cropping systems, and unpredictable rainfall inputs, are more important variables. However, recent results show substantial reductions in emissions from grassland by matching fertilizer type to environmental conditions, and in arable systems by using controlled release fertilizers and nitrification inhibitors. Also, better timing and placement of N, application of the minimum amount of N to achieve satisfactory yield, and optimization of soil physical conditions, particularly avoidance of excessive wetness and compaction, would be expected to reduce the average emission factor for N20. Some of these adjustments would also reduce NO emissions. However, increasing global fertilizer use is likely to cause an upward trend in total emissions even if these mitigating practices become widely adopted.Keywords: Nitrous oxide, nitrogen oxides, emission, intensive agriculture, nitrogen fertilizers I N T R O D U C T I O N ince the start of the industrial age, significant increases S have occurred in the atmospheric concentrations of severa1 gases which are now believed to have environmental impacts at the global and/or the regional scale. Three of these gases, carbon dioxide (C02), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (NzOFthe so-called greenhouse gases--contribute to global warming; N20 also causes depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer. Nitric oxide (NO) is one of the causes of acid rain and takes part in reactions leading to the formation of ozone in the troposphere-a process which is potentially damaging to biological systems and which also adds to global warming (Prather etal, 1995). Soils, both natural and cultivated, are the major global source of NzO, accounting for some 65% of all emissions (Prather et a l , 1995). Agriculture and forestry, and land-use change from natural fo...

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“…Inhibitors tested include urease inhibitors, such as N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide, and nitrification inhibitors, including dicyandiamide (DCD). These compounds have achieved substantial decreases (>50%) in both N 2 O emission (McTaggart et al 1997) and NH 3 (Saggar et al 2013) volatilisation. However, concerns have been raised over the persistent effects of these complex chemicals in agronomic systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel and effective technology for mitigating nitrous oxide emissions from land-applied manures

Hill¹,

Redding²,

Pratt³

2016

Anim. Prod. Sci.

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Abstract. Land-applied manures produce nitrous oxide (N 2 O), a greenhouse gas (GHG). Land application can also result in ammonia (NH 3 ) volatilisation, leading to indirect N 2 O emissions. Here, we summarise a glasshouse investigation into the potential for vermiculite, a clay with a high cation exchange capacity, to decrease N 2 O emissions from livestock manures (beef, pig, broiler, layer), as well as urea, applied to soils. Our hypothesis is that clays adsorb ammonium, thereby suppressing NH 3 volatilisation and slowing N 2 O emission processes. We previously demonstrated the ability of clays to decrease emissions at the laboratory scale. In this glasshouse work, manure and urea application rates varied between 50 and 150 kg nitrogen (N)/ha. Clay : manure ratios ranged from 1 : 10 to 1 : 1 (dry weight basis). In the 1-year trial, the abovementioned N sources were incorporated with vermiculite in 1 L pots containing Sodosol and Ferrosol growing a model pasture (Pennisetum clandestinum or kikuyu grass). Gas emissions were measured periodically by placing the pots in gastight bags connected to real-time continuous gas analysers. The vermiculite achieved significant (P 0.05) and substantial decreases in N 2 O emissions across all N sources (70% on average). We are currently testing the technology at the field scale; which is showing promising emission decreases (~50%) as well as increases (~20%) in dry matter yields. This technology clearly has merit as an effective GHG mitigation strategy, with potential associated agronomic benefits, although it needs to be verified by a cost-benefit analysis.

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Nitrous oxide emissions from grassland and spring barley, following N fertiliser application with and without nitrification inhibitors

Cited by 128 publications

References 22 publications

Nitrous oxide emissions from a maize field during two consecutive growing seasons in the North China Plain

Nitrous oxide emissions from a maize field during two consecutive growing seasons in the North China Plain

Emissions of N₂O and NO associated with nitrogen fertilization in intensive agriculture, and the potential for mitigation

A novel and effective technology for mitigating nitrous oxide emissions from land-applied manures

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Nitrous oxide emissions from grassland and spring barley, following N fertiliser application with and without nitrification inhibitors

Cited by 128 publications

References 22 publications

Nitrous oxide emissions from a maize field during two consecutive growing seasons in the North China Plain

Nitrous oxide emissions from a maize field during two consecutive growing seasons in the North China Plain

Emissions of N2O and NO associated with nitrogen fertilization in intensive agriculture, and the potential for mitigation

A novel and effective technology for mitigating nitrous oxide emissions from land-applied manures

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Emissions of N₂O and NO associated with nitrogen fertilization in intensive agriculture, and the potential for mitigation