Nitrous oxide emissions from an annual crop rotation on poorly drained soil on the Canadian Prairies

Glenn, Aaron J.; Tenuta, Mario; Amiro, B.D.; Maas, Siobhan E.; Wagner-Riddle, Claudia

doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2012.06.015

Cited by 47 publications

(48 citation statements)

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“…Nitrate can further determine N 2 O emissions because an increased supply of terminal electron acceptor increases the N 2 O/N 2 ratio of reduced N products in denitrification (Firestone, 1982;Cho et al, 1997). In the current and previous studies, N 2 O emissions following the addition of synthetic N fertilizers and manures early in the season were linked to rainfall events (Glenn et al, 2012;Dunmola et al, 2010;Tenuta et al, 2010;Gao et al, 2013). Rainfall after application of the synthetic N sources probably displaced soil atmosphere and restricted gaseous diffusion in the clay soil of the current study, thereby lowering the availability of O 2 in the soil to stimulate denitrification.…”

Section: Importance Of Early Growing Season Nitrogen Releasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lack of emissions at this time was unexpected for this soil. From 2006 to 2010 at the TGAS MAN site, overwinter and spring thaw N 2 O emissions averaged 23% of whole-year emissions (Stewart, 2011;Glenn et al, 2012). At the same site, overwinter and spring thaw emissions in 2011 amounted to 0.9 and 2.6 kg N ha -1 for fields having received granular urea the previous spring and anhydrous NH 3 in the fall of 2010, respectively.…”

Section: Cumulative Nitrous Oxide Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…About 20 km away, Burton et al (2008a) reported whole-season emissions during 3 yr and across a variety of synthetic N source, timing, and placement treatments to range from 1.0 to 3.9 kg N ha -1 . At the TGAS MAN soil greenhouse gas study site 1 km from the current study, Glenn et al (2012) reported whole-year emissions with granular urea incorporation for corn in 2006 and spring wheat in 2008 to be 5.5 and 4.3 kg N ha -1 , respectively. The flux-gradient technique for N 2 O emission determinations was used by Glenn et al (2012), so emissions were measured continuously throughout the entire year, perhaps explaining why emission estimates in that study were greater than those in the current study and the study of Burton et al (2008a) using static vented chambers.…”

Section: Cumulative Nitrous Oxide Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These soils are poorly drained, have very high clay and organic matter contents, and seem to release more N 2 O than other areas of the Canadian Prairies and Northern Great Plains (Glenn et al, 2012). Thus, a field study was conducted with the objectives (i) to determine the effect of enhanced-efficiency N sources and a solid manure on N 2 O emissions compared with conventional granular urea on a clay soil of the Red River Valley, Manitoba, and (ii) to determine if the amount and timing of N release from the products determined emissions.…”

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Nitrous Oxide Emissions from a Clay Soil Receiving Granular Urea Formulations and Dairy Manure

et al. 2014

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Soil N2O emissions vary with N source. A study was undertaken on a clay soil in the Red River Valley, Manitoba, Canada, to determine the effect of granular N fertilizers and dairy manure on N2O emissions from a field cropped to rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) in 2009 and spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in 2010. Treatments included an unamended control, granular urea, controlled‐release urea (ESN), stabilized urea (SuperU), and solid dairy manure added at rates to achieve a total of 140 kg available N ha−1 (product plus soil N test). The N fertilizers were broadcast and shallowly incorporated each spring before planting; the manure was broadcast incorporated the previous fall. Nitrous oxide emissions were monitored from planting to freeze in fall and during spring thaw in 2011 using static‐vented chambers. In both years, N2O emissions occurred within 4 to 5 wk of planting but not in fall after manure application. Area‐scale cumulative N2O emissions (∑N2O, kg N ha−1) from planting to freeze were control < ESN = manure < urea = SuperU. Nitrous oxide emission factors were 0.017 kg N2O‐N kg−1 available N added for urea and SuperU and 0.007 kg N2O‐N kg−1 available N for ESN. Seventy‐eight percent of the variation in ∑N2O could be explained by NO3− intensity, an integration of soil NO3− concentrations during the study periods. Greater ∑N2O were also associated with higher yields. These findings suggest that N release rates, as indicated by NO3− intensity and yield, determined N2O emissions. The results highlight the challenge of meeting crop demand yet reducing N2O emissions by selection of an N source.

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Section: Importance Of Early Growing Season Nitrogen Releasementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cumulative Nitrous Oxide Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cumulative Nitrous Oxide Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Nitrous Oxide Emissions from a Clay Soil Receiving Granular Urea Formulations and Dairy Manure

et al. 2014

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“…Nitrous oxide emissions also differ among crop types. For example, Glenn et al (2012) found for Gleyed Humic Vertisol soils in Manitoba that 1.4 kg N ha…”

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Impacts of 49–51 years of fertilization and crop rotation on growing season nitrous oxide emissions, nitrogen uptake and corn yields

et al. 2014

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Impacts of 49 Á 51 years of fertilization and crop rotation on growing season nitrous oxide emissions, nitrogen uptake and corn yields. Can. J. Soil Sci. 94: 421Á433. A field study was established in 1959 to evaluate the effects of fertilization and crop rotation on crop yields, soil and environmental quality on a Brookston clay loam. There were two fertilizer treatments (fertilized and not-fertilized) and six cropping treatments including continuous corn (CC), continuous Kentucky bluegrass sod and a 4-yr rotation of cornÁoatÁalfalfaÁalfalfa with each phase present each year. We measured N 2 O emissions, inorganic N and plant N uptake over three growing seasons (2007Á2009) in the corn phase. Nitrous oxide emissions varied over the 3 yr as a result of the seasonal variation in precipitation quantity, intensity and timing and differences in crop growth and N uptake. Fertilized CC lost, on average, 7.36 kg N ha(1 by N 2 O emissions, whereas the not-fertilized CC lost only 0.51 kg N ha (1 . Fertilized rotation corn (RC) lost 6.46 kg N ha (1 , which was 12% lower than fertilized CC. The notfertilized RC, on the other hand, emitted about half as much N 2 O (2.95 kg N ha(1 ) as the fertilized RC. Fertilized RC had corn grain yields that averaged 10.0 t ha(1 over the 3 yr followed by fertilized CC at 5.48 t ha . Not-fertilized RC corn had yields that were 61% lower (3.93 t ha(1 ) than fertilized RC, whereas the not-fertilized CC had yields that were 75% lower (1.39 t ha(1 ) than fertilized CC. Nitrous oxide emissions were found to be dramatically affected by long-term management practices and crop rotation had lower emissions in the corn phase of the rotation even though the N input from fertilizer addition and legume N fixation was greater. These N 2 O emission and yield results were due to both factors that are traditionally used to describe these processes as well as long-term soil quality factors, which were created by the long-term management (i.e., soil organic carbon, soil physical parameters such as bulk density, and porosity, soil fauna and microflora) and that influenced crop growth, N uptake and soil water contents. Les de´gagements d'oxyde nitreux ont fluctue´au cours de ces trois anne´es et on attribue le phe´nome`ne aux variations saisonnie`res du nombre, de l'intensite´et du moment des pre´cipitations, ainsi qu'aux diffe´rences observe´es au niveau de la croissance des cultures et de l'absorption de l'azote. La MC bonifie´e a perdu en moyenne 7,36 kg de N par hectare sous forme d'e´missions de N 2 O, alors que la MC sans amendement n'en a perdu que 0,51 kg par hectare. En assolement fertilise´, le maı¨s a perdu 6,46 kg de N par hectare, ce qui correspond a`12 % de moins que pour la MC bonifie´e. L'assolement de maı¨s (AM) non fertilise´, en revanche, a libe´re´a`peu pre`s la moitie´de N 2 O (2,95 kg de N par hectare) que l'AM amende´. L'AM fertilise´a donne´un rendement grainier moyen de 10,0 t par hectare au cours des trois anne´es a`l'e´tude, la MC fertilise´e arrivant deuxie`me avec 5,48 t par hectare....

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Enhanced efficiency urea fertilizers and timing effects on N₂O emissions from spring wheat production in Manitoba

Wood,

Gao,

Tiessen

et al. 2023

Agronomy Journal

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Opportunities exist to reduce nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from nitrogen (N) fertilizers using enhanced efficiency fertilizers (EFF) and managing application timing. This study examined i) application timing (fall/spring) and ii) fertilizer N source on N2O emissions, yield and N uptake of Canadian hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Southern Manitoba. Fertilizer N sources included granular urea and four EEF products: i) polymer‐coated urea (environmentally smart nitrogen (ESN)); ii) urea plus nitrification inhibitor (eNtrench); iii) urea plus urease inhibitor (Limus); iv) urea plus nitrification and urease inhibitor (SuperU). Nitrification‐inhibited products most consistently reduced N2O emissions while maintaining productivity. Compared to urea alone, urea+eNtrench was most effective in reducing cumulative N2O emissions by 47 to 64% at four of six site‐years. SuperU reduced N2O emissions by 37 to 57% at three of six site‐years. ESN and urea+Limus did not affect emissions in most years. Wheat yield, protein, and N uptake were unaffected by N source in five of six site‐years. Compared to spring, fall application gave greater N2O emissions by 33 to 67% at three of six site‐years due to spring‐thaw emissions. Fall was inferior to spring application in wetter site years, with lower yield, protein, and N uptake. Overall, nitrification‐inhibited products – either alone or with a urease inhibitor – are a promising tool to reduce N2O emissions while maintaining wheat productivity in Manitoba. However, given that there were few consistent increases in yield or protein, the additional cost of the inhibitors will be a barrier to adoption.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Nitrous oxide emissions from an annual crop rotation on poorly drained soil on the Canadian Prairies

Cited by 47 publications

References 32 publications

Nitrous Oxide Emissions from a Clay Soil Receiving Granular Urea Formulations and Dairy Manure

Nitrous Oxide Emissions from a Clay Soil Receiving Granular Urea Formulations and Dairy Manure

Impacts of 49–51 years of fertilization and crop rotation on growing season nitrous oxide emissions, nitrogen uptake and corn yields

Enhanced efficiency urea fertilizers and timing effects on N₂O emissions from spring wheat production in Manitoba

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Nitrous oxide emissions from an annual crop rotation on poorly drained soil on the Canadian Prairies

Cited by 47 publications

References 32 publications

Nitrous Oxide Emissions from a Clay Soil Receiving Granular Urea Formulations and Dairy Manure

Nitrous Oxide Emissions from a Clay Soil Receiving Granular Urea Formulations and Dairy Manure

Impacts of 49–51 years of fertilization and crop rotation on growing season nitrous oxide emissions, nitrogen uptake and corn yields

Enhanced efficiency urea fertilizers and timing effects on N2O emissions from spring wheat production in Manitoba

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Enhanced efficiency urea fertilizers and timing effects on N₂O emissions from spring wheat production in Manitoba