Nitrous oxide emission and nitrogen use efficiency in response to nitrophosphate, N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide and dicyandiamide of a wheat cultivated soil under sub-humid monsoon conditions

Abstract

Abstract.A field experiment was designed to study the effects of nitrogen (N) source and urease inhibitor N-(nbutyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) or nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide (DCD) on nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emission and N use efficiency (NUE) in a sandy loam soil. Six treatments including no N fertilizer (control), N fertilizer urea alone (U), urea plus NBPT (NBPT), urea plus DCD (DCD), urea plus NBPT and DCD (NBPT plus DCD) and nitrate-based fertilizer nitrophosphate (NP) were designed and implemented separately during the wheat growth period. Seasonal cumulative N 2 O emissions with urea alone amounted to 0.49 ± 0.12 kg N 2 O-N ha −1 and were significantly (P < 0.05) reduced to 0.28 ± 0.03, 0.31 ± 0.01 and 0.26 ± 0.01 kg N 2 O-N ha −1 by application of DCD, NBPT and NBPT plus DCD, respectively. Cumulative N 2 O emissions from NP were 0.28 ± 0.01 kg N 2 O-N ha −1 . A single N 2 O flux peak was identified following basal fertilization, and DCD and/or NBPT inhibition effects mainly occurred during the peak emission period. The NP application significantly (P < 0.05) increased wheat yield by 12.3 % and NUE from 28.8 % (urea alone) to 35.9 %, while urease and/or nitrification inhibitors showed a slight increase effect. Our results clearly indicated that the application of urea as basal fertilizer, but not as supplemental fertilizer, together with DCD and NBPT is an effective practice to reduce N 2 O emissions. The application of NP instead of urea would be an optimum agricultural strategy for reducing N 2 O emissions and increasing crop yield and NUE for wheat cultivation in soils of the North China Plain.

Effect of nitrification inhibitors on the content of available nitrogen forms in the soil under maize (Zea mays, L.) growing

“…A series of studies reported by Di and Cameron over the past few years show a reduction of about 60 relative % in NO3 -leaching (Di and Cameron, 2005;Di and Cameron, 2006;Di et al, 2007;Singh and Verma, 2007). Soil NH4 + and NO3 -concentrations greatly increased after application of basal nitrogen fertilizers compared to the control (Ding et al, 2015). This citation is consistent with achieved results of ammonium and nitrate nitrogen contents in field experiment with maize growing in all experimental years 2012-2015.…”

The Effect of Granular Commercial Fertilizers Containing Elemental Sulfur on Wheat Yield under Mediterranean Conditions

“…N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) is the urease inhibitor that is often formulated into granular urea fertilizers. This compound is a structural analog of urea and inhibits urease activity by forming stable complexes with urease [11,48,49]. The use of granules co-enriched with ES and NBPT onto the same granule in a field experiment has been reported [50].…”

NO and N2O emissions from agricultural fields in the North China Plain: Origination and mitigation

“…Other optional measures for mitigating N 2 O emission were also investigated in the NCP, such as applying manure (Meng et al, 2005;Cai et al, 2013;Ding et al, 2013;Hu et al, 2013) and straw Hu et al, 2013), adding nitrification inhibitors and slow release fertilizer (Ding et al, 2010(Ding et al, , 2015Ju et al, 2011;Shi et al, 2013) and applying different kinds of nitrogen fertilizers (NH 4 + -N and NO 3 -N fertilizers) (Ju et al, 2011;Ding et al, 2015). Among these control measures, only the application of nitrification inhibitors and nitrate fertilizer are found to be effective (Ding et al, 2010(Ding et al, , 2015Ju et al, 2011). However, the few studies on the reduction of N 2 O emission only conducted in maize or wheat growing season of one agricultural field, and more investigations in the vast area of NCP are still necessary to verify the effect of the aforementioned control measures.…”