Nitrous oxide and nitric oxide emissions from an irrigated cotton field in Northern China

Liu, Chunyan; Zheng, Xunhua; Zhou, Zaixing; Han, Shijie; Wang, Yinghong; Wang, Kai; Liang, Wei; Li, Ming; Chen, Deli; Yang, Zhongling

doi:10.1007/s11104-009-0278-5

Cited by 112 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Highest emissions occurred after heavy rainfall following fertilisation and there was a significant effect of the N fertiliser rate on the magnitude of the flux. This is consistent with previous studies on N 2 O emissions from cotton where highest emissions following irrigation or rainfall immediately after fertiliser N application have been reported (Liu et al 2010;Scheer et al 2008Scheer et al , 2013. Consequently, the non-linear increase in N 2 O emissions was mainly caused by highly elevated emissions after the side dressing of N fertiliser in the 180N and 270N treatments at the beginning of January and beginning of March 2011 that were followed by heavy rainfall.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…These are lower than the IPCC default value used from global inventories (1% of N applied (IPCC 2006)) but in reasonable agreement with the EF for irrigated cotton (0.5%) used by the Australian Government for their national GHG Inventory report (ANGA 2010). It is also at the lower end of EFs reported for other irrigated cotton systems with 0.12-4.0% (Liu et al 2010;Macdonald et al 2015;Scheer et al 2008). This highlights the need for differentiated EFs that take the non-linear response to N fertiliser rates into account to reliably estimate emissions from different agricultural systems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…In northern China, Liu et al (2010) observed annual emissions of 2.6 kg-N ha -1 year -1 from irrigated cotton fertilised with 66 kg N ha -1 and Scheer et al (2008) reported seasonal emissions of 0.9-6.5 kg N ha -1 from a range of different irrigated cotton systems in Uzbekistan (fertiliser rates of 162.5-250 kg N ha -1 ). These results confirm that the N 2 O emission potential from cotton on vertosols in Australia is generally low, most likely due to limited availability of labile carbon in the soil and the neutral to alkaline soil pH, which restricts denitrification activity and increases the N 2 /N 2 O emissions ratio (Scheer et al 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-linear response of soil N2O emissions to nitrogen fertiliser in a cotton–fallow rotation in sub-tropical Australia

2016

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Abstract. Nitrogen (N) fertiliser is a major source of atmospheric nitrous oxide (N 2 O), and over recent years there has been growing evidence for a non-linear, exponential relationship between N fertiliser application rate and N 2 O emissions. However, there is still a high level of uncertainty around the relationship of N fertiliser rate and N 2 O emissions for many cropping systems. We conducted year-round measurements of N 2 O emission and lint yield in four N-rate treatments (0, 90, 180 and 270 kg N ha -1 ) in a cotton-fallow rotation on a black vertosol in Australia. We observed a non-linear exponential response of N 2 O emissions to increasing N fertiliser rates with cumulative annual N 2 O emissions of 0.55, 0.67, 1.07 and 1.89 kg N ha -1 for the four respective N fertiliser rates, but no N response to yield occurred above 180 kg N ha -1 . The annual N 2 O emission factors induced by N fertiliser were 0.13, 0.29 and 0.50% for the 90, 180 and 270 kg N ha -1 treatments respectively, significantly lower than the IPCC Tier 1 default value of 1.0%. This nonlinear response suggests that an exponential N 2 O emissions model may be more appropriate for estimating emission of N 2 O from soils cultivated to cotton in Australia. It also demonstrates that improved agricultural N-management practices can be adopted in cotton to substantially reduce N 2 O emissions without affecting yield.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-linear response of soil N2O emissions to nitrogen fertiliser in a cotton–fallow rotation in sub-tropical Australia

2016

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“…Nitrous oxide fluxes were continuously measured for the U, DCD and DMPP treatments between 20 October 2009 and 15 October 2010, using an automated chamber system, as described by Liu et al (2010Liu et al ( , 2011. Twelve static translucent chambers (length × width × height = 70 × 70 × 90 cm) were attached to the system, and therefore each treatment had four replicated chambers.…”

Section: Measurement Of Nitrous Oxide Fluxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of nitrification inhibitors (DCD and DMPP) on nitrous oxide emission, crop yield and nitrogen uptake in a wheat–maize cropping system

2013

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The application of nitrification inhibitors together with ammonium-based fertilizers is proposed as a potent method to decrease nitrous oxide (N₂O) emission while promoting crop yield and nitrogen use efficiency in fertilized agricultural fields. To evaluate the effects of nitrification inhibitors, we conducted year-round measurements of N₂O fluxes, yield, aboveground biomass, plant carbon and nitrogen contents, soil inorganic nitrogen and dissolved organic carbon contents and the main environmental factors for urea (U), urea + dicyandiamide (DCD) and urea + 3,4-dimethylpyrazol phosphate (DMPP) treatments in a wheat–maize rotation field. The cumulative N₂O emissions were calculated to be 4.49 ± 0.21, 2.93 ± 0.06 and 2.78 ± 0.16 kg N ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ for the U, DCD and DMPP treatments, respectively. Therefore, the DCD and DMPP treatments significantly decreased the annual emissions by 35% and 38%, respectively (p < 0.01). The variations of soil temperature, moisture and inorganic nitrogen content regulated the seasonal fluctuation of N₂O emissions. When the emissions presented clearly temporal variations, high-frequency measurements or optimized sampling schedule for intermittent measurements would likely provide more accurate estimations of annual cumulative emission and treatment effect. The application of nitrification inhibitors significantly increased the soil inorganic nitrogen content (p < 0.01); shifted the main soil inorganic nitrogen form from nitrate to ammonium; and tended to increase the dissolved organic carbon content, crop yield, aboveground biomass and nitrogen uptake by aboveground plant. The results demonstrate the roles the nitrification inhibitors play in enhancing yield and nitrogen use efficiency and reducing N₂O emission from the wheat–maize cropping system

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“…To meet the food demands of the growing population in China, applications of chemical N fertilizers to agricultural soils have dramatically increased: from ca. 544 Gg N in 1961 (Liu et al 2010) to 32.4 Tg N in 2007. 30% of the total N fertilizer used globally (FAO 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigating nitrous oxide emissions from a maize-cropping black soil in northeast China by a combination of reducing chemical N fertilizer application and applying manure in autumn

Guo

Luo

Chen

et al. 2013

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions from agricultural soils, mainly caused by chemical nitrogen (N) fertilizer inputs, are major sources of N 2 O in Chinese terrestrial ecosystems. Thus, attempts to reduce N 2 O emissions from agricultural soils by optimizing N applications are receiving increasing attention. Further, organic fertilizers are being increasingly used in China to improve crop production/quality and prevent or reduce soil degradation. However, organic and chemical fertilizers are often both applied in spring in northeast China, which promotes N 2 O emissions and may be sub-optimal. Therefore, we hypothesized that reducing applications of chemical fertilizer N and applying manure in autumn could be an effective strategy for mitigating but not after manure inputs in autumn or during soil-thawing periods in the following spring. Emission factors for the chemical fertilizer N were on average 1.07% (1.00~1.10%) and 1.14% (0.49~1.83%) in 2010 and 2011, respectively. Furthermore, by comparing the nine pairs of fertilization treatments, the relative increase in cumulative nitrous oxide-nitrogen (N 2 O-N) emissions was found to be proportional to the relative increase in urea application, but independent of the amount of autumn-applied manure. These findings imply that N 2 O emissions from fertilized agricultural soils in northeast China could be mitigated by supplying manure in the autumn and reducing the total amount of chemical N fertilizer applied in the following year. Although no significant difference in maize grain yield was found among the fertilization treatments, the grain yield-scaled N 2 O emissions for the treatments with a lower chemical N application (e.g., N 230 M 15 and N 200 M 15 treatments) were significantly lower than those with a higher chemical N application (e.g., N 320 M 18 and N 280 M 18 treatments). Meanwhile, under the condition of the same application amount of chemical fertilizer N, the grain yield-scaled N 2 O emission decreased with the increase of manure application rate. Thus, the results support the hypothesis that combining reductions in chemical N fertilizer and applying manure in autumn could be an effective strategy for mitigating N 2 O emissions from N-fertilized soils in northeast China.

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Nitrous oxide and nitric oxide emissions from an irrigated cotton field in Northern China

Cited by 112 publications

References 37 publications

Non-linear response of soil N2O emissions to nitrogen fertiliser in a cotton–fallow rotation in sub-tropical Australia

Non-linear response of soil N2O emissions to nitrogen fertiliser in a cotton–fallow rotation in sub-tropical Australia

Effects of nitrification inhibitors (DCD and DMPP) on nitrous oxide emission, crop yield and nitrogen uptake in a wheat–maize cropping system

Mitigating nitrous oxide emissions from a maize-cropping black soil in northeast China by a combination of reducing chemical N fertilizer application and applying manure in autumn

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