Nitrous oxide and methane transport through rice plants

Yu, Kewei; Wang, Z. P.; Chen, G. X.

doi:10.1007/s003740050254

Cited by 89 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Although contrary to much of the current literature which suggests the presence of aerenchyma containing vegetation (i.e. rushes and sedges) increases emissions (Shannon et al, 1996;Yu et al, 1997;Greenup et al, 2000), a similar result to that observed here was found in an earlier study with mesocosms collected from Auchencorth Moss (Dinsmore et al, in press). As well as providing a source of readily available organic substrate, plants containing aerenchymous tissue can provide a direct pathway for many greenhouse gases to the atmosphere, bypassing the aerobic surface horizon and therefore reducing the potential for oxidation (Bartlett and Harriss, 1993;Minkkinen and Laine, 2006).…”

Section: Controls On Spatial Variationcontrasting

confidence: 98%

Spatial and temporal variability in CH4 and N2O fluxes from a Scottish ombrotrophic peatland: Implications for modelling and up-scaling

Dinsmore

Skiba

Billett

et al. 2009

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

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Peatlands typically exhibit significant spatial heterogeneity which can lead to large uncertainties when catchment scale greenhouse gas fluxes are extrapolated from chamber measurements (generally <1 m 2 ). Here we examined the underlying environmental and vegetation characteristics which led to within-site variability in both CH 4 and N 2 O emissions and the importance of such variability in up-scaling. We also consider within-site variation in the controls of temporal dynamics. Net annual emissions (and coefficients of variation) for CH 4 and N 2 O were 1.06 kg ha -1 y -1 (300%) and 0.02 kg ha -1 y -1 (410%), respectively. The riparian zone was a significant CH 4 hotspot contributing ~12% of the total catchment emissions whilst covering only ~0.5% of the catchment area. In contrast to many other studies we found smaller CH 4 emissions and greater uptake in chambers containing either sedges or rushes. We also found clear differences in the drivers of temporal CH 4 dynamics across the site, e.g.water table was important only in chambers which did not contain aerenchymous plants. We suggest that depending on the heterogeneity of the site, flux models could be improved by incorporating a number of spatially distinct sub-models, rather than a single model parameterized using whole-catchment averages.

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Section: Controls On Spatial Variationcontrasting

confidence: 98%

Spatial and temporal variability in CH4 and N2O fluxes from a Scottish ombrotrophic peatland: Implications for modelling and up-scaling

Dinsmore

Skiba

Billett

et al. 2009

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

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“…In the same way that certain plant species have the ability to transport O 2 from the atmosphere to the rhizosphere, they can provide a direct pathway for many GHGs to the atmosphere, bypassing the aerobic peat horizon (Bartlett and Harriss 1993;Minkkinen and Laine 2006). Such plant mediated transport has been demonstrated to account for >80% of CH 4 emissions from rice paddies (Butterbach-Bahl et al 1997;Yu et al 1997). …”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of water table on greenhouse gas emissions from peatland mesocosms

et al. 2008

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This version available at http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/5459/ NERC has developed NORA to enable users to access research outputs wholly or partially funded by NERC. Copyright and other rights for material on this site are retained by the authors and/or other rights owners. Users should read the terms and conditions of use of this material at http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/policies.html#access This document is the author's final manuscript version of the journal article, incorporating any revisions agreed during the peer review process. Some differences between this and the publisher's version remain. You are advised to consult the publisher's version if you wish to cite from this article. Peatland landscapes typically exhibit large variations in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions due to microtopographic and vegetation heterogeneity. As many peatland budgets are extrapolated from small-scale chamber measurements it is important to both quantify and understand the processes underlying this spatial variability. Here we carried out a mesocosm study which allowed a comparison to be made between different microtopographic features and vegetation communities, in response to conditions of both static and changing water table. Three mesocosm types (hummocks + Juncus effusus, hummocks + Eriophorum vaginatum, and hollows dominated by moss) were subjected to 2 water table treatments (0-5 cm and 30-35 cm depth). Measurements were made of soil-atmosphere GHG exchange, GHG concentration within the peat profile and soil water solute concentrations. After 14 weeks the high water table group was drained and the low water table group flooded. Measurement intensity was then increased to examine the immediate response to change in water table position.Mean CO 2 , CH 4 and N 2 O exchange across all chambers was 39.8 µg m -2 s -1 , 54.7 µg m -2 h -1 and -2.9 µg m -2 h -1 , respectively. Hence the GHG budget was dominated in this case by CO 2 exchange. CO 2 and N 2 O emissions were highest in the low water table treatment group; CH 4 emissions were highest in the saturated mesocosms. We observed a strong interaction between mesocosm type and water table for CH 4 emissions. In contrast to many previous studies, we found that the presence of aerenchyma-containing vegetation reduced CH 4 emissions. A significant pulse in both CH 4 and N 2 O emissions occurred within 1-2 days of switching the water table treatments. This pulsing could potentially lead to significant underestimation of landscape annual GHG budgets when widely spaced chamber measurements are upscaled. Introduction:Northern peatlands are estimated to contain 455 Gt of carbon (Gorham 1991), representing approximately a third of the estimated total global soil carbon pool.They are considered to be net sinks of CO 2 and net sources of CH 4 (Bartlett and Harriss 1993;Gorham 1991;Huttunen et al. 2003) , though annual and inter-annual variation can be extremely high. Peatlands also represent an important source of dissolved organic carbon to drainage waters (Urban et al. 1989;Billett et al. 2004;Daw...

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“…The results of previous studies on biochar effects on GHG emissions varied and depended on experimental conditions such as soil type, water and fertilizer management, biochar feedstock and the pyrolysis temperature for producing biochar (Singh et al 2010;Van Zwieten et al 2010;Zhang et al 2010;Liu et al 2011;Li et al 2013). To quantify GHG emissions in rice (Oryza sativa L.) production, field studies on site are suitable because the actual field condition during cultivation is repeatedly changing between aerobic and anaerobic status, and because a large part of CH 4 emissions occurs via rice plants (Inubushi et al 1989;Yu et al 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increase in soil carbon sequestration using rice husk charcoal without stimulating CH₄and N₂O emissions in an Andosol paddy field in Japan

Koyama

Inazaki

Minamikawa

et al. 2015

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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Biochar application has been recognized as an effective option for promoting carbon (C) sequestration, but it may also affect the production and consumption of methane (CH 4 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) in soil. A 1-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of rice husk charcoal application on rice (Oryza sativa L.) productivity and the balance of greenhouse gas exchanges in an Andosol paddy field. The experiment compared the treatments of rice husk charcoal applied at 10, 20 and 40 Mg ha −1 (RC10, RC20 and RC40, respectively), rice husk applied at 20 Mg ha −1 (RH20), and the control (CONT). Rice straw and grain yields did not significantly differ among the treatments. The seasonal cumulative CH 4 emissions were 38-47% higher from RC10, RC20 and RC40 than from the CONT. However, the increases were not in proportion to the application rates of rice husk charcoal, and their values did not significantly differ from the CONT. On the contrary, the RH20 treatment significantly increased the cumulative CH 4 emission by 227% compared to the CONT. The N 2 O emissions during the measurement were not affected by the treatments. As a result, the combined global warming potential (GWP) of CH 4 and N 2 O emissions was significantly higher in RH20 than in the other treatments. There was a positive linear correlation between C storage in the top 10 cm of soil and the application rate of rice husk charcoal. The increases in soil C contents compared to the CONT corresponded to 98-149% of the C amounts added as rice husk charcoal and 41% of the C added as rice husk. Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) fluxes in the off season were not significantly different among RC10, RC20, RC40 and CONT, indicating that C added as rice husk charcoal remained in the soil during the fallow period. The CO 2 equivalent balance between soil C sequestration and the combined GWP indicates that the rice husk charcoal treatments stored more C in soil than the CONT, whereas the RH20 emitted more C than the CONT. These results suggest that rice husk charcoal application will contribute to mitigating global warming without sacrificing rice yields.

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Nitrous oxide and methane transport through rice plants

Cited by 89 publications

References 5 publications

Spatial and temporal variability in CH4 and N2O fluxes from a Scottish ombrotrophic peatland: Implications for modelling and up-scaling

Spatial and temporal variability in CH4 and N2O fluxes from a Scottish ombrotrophic peatland: Implications for modelling and up-scaling

Effect of water table on greenhouse gas emissions from peatland mesocosms

Increase in soil carbon sequestration using rice husk charcoal without stimulating CH₄and N₂O emissions in an Andosol paddy field in Japan

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Nitrous oxide and methane transport through rice plants

Cited by 89 publications

References 5 publications

Spatial and temporal variability in CH4 and N2O fluxes from a Scottish ombrotrophic peatland: Implications for modelling and up-scaling

Spatial and temporal variability in CH4 and N2O fluxes from a Scottish ombrotrophic peatland: Implications for modelling and up-scaling

Effect of water table on greenhouse gas emissions from peatland mesocosms

Increase in soil carbon sequestration using rice husk charcoal without stimulating CH4and N2O emissions in an Andosol paddy field in Japan

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Product

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About

Increase in soil carbon sequestration using rice husk charcoal without stimulating CH₄and N₂O emissions in an Andosol paddy field in Japan