Nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions from surface and subsurface drip irrigated tomato fields

Edwards, K.P.; Madramootoo, Chandra A.; Whalen, Joann K.; Adamchuk, Viacheslav I.; Su, Ahmad Suhaizi Mat; Benslim, Hicham

doi:10.1139/cjss-2017-0001

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Only two studies reported a significant decrease in CO 2 emissions with lower amount of irrigated water applied or with a change in irrigation strategies. Studies that compared surface drip irrigation and subsurface drip irrigation systems in Canada found negligible effect on CO 2 emissions [67]. Similar non-significant findings were reported by Maris et al [78] in Spain when they evaluated the effect of surface drip and subsurface drip irrigation on the CO 2 emissions.…”

Section: Effects Of Irrigation On Co 2 Emissionssupporting

confidence: 73%

“…They found that subsurface drip irrigation can mitigate N 2 O emissions compared to drip irrigation. However, another study showed a negligible impact on N 2 O emissions when tomatoes were irrigated comparing surface drip and subsurface drip irrigation systems [67]. A cotton study in China showed that drip irrigation, which uses less water than furrow irrigation could significantly decrease N 2 O emissions when combined with certain management practices.…”

Section: Effects Of Irrigation On N 2 O Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Irrigation and Greenhouse Gas Emissions: A Review of Field-Based Studies

et al. 2020

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Irrigation practices can greatly influence greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions because of their control on soil microbial activity and substrate supply. However, the effects of different irrigation management practices, such as flood irrigations versus reduced volume methods, including drip and sprinkler irrigation, on GHG emissions are still poorly understood. Therefore, this review was performed to investigate the effects of different irrigation management strategies on the emission of nitrous oxide (N2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), and methane (CH4) by synthesizing existing research that either directly or indirectly examined the effects of at least two irrigation rates on GHG emissions within a single field-based study. Out of thirty-two articles selected for review, reduced irrigation was found to be effective in lowering the rate of CH4 emissions, while flood irrigation had the highest CH4 emission. The rate of CO2 emission increased mostly under low irrigation, and the effect of irrigation strategies on N2O emissions were inconsistent, though a majority of studies reported low N2O emissions in continuously flooded field treatments. The global warming potential (GWP) demonstrated that reduced or water-saving irrigation strategies have the potential to decrease the effect of GHG emissions. In general, GWP was higher for the field that was continuously flooded. The major finding from this review is that optimizing irrigation may help to reduce CH4 emissions and net GWP. However, more field research assessing the effect of varying rates of irrigation on the emission of GHGs from the agricultural field is warranted.

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Section: Effects Of Irrigation On Co 2 Emissionssupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Effects Of Irrigation On N 2 O Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irrigation and Greenhouse Gas Emissions: A Review of Field-Based Studies

et al. 2020

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“…All the benefits plus the reduced N 2 O emissions in this study make SDI preferable to the DI. Edwards et al [13] did not find significant difference in N 2 O emissions between SDI and DI from a tomato field because the drip tape in their study was buried at a much shallower depth (15 cm depth below the surface) compared to the ~50 cm depth in our study. They did illustrate that higher surface soil moisture from DI resulted in significantly higher seasonal CO 2 emissions than SDI.…”

Section: Mitigation Of N 2 O Emission Through Irrigation and Ferticontrasting

confidence: 72%

“…Wei et al [12] reported subsurface watering to saturate subsurface soil at 15-50 cm reduced N 2 O emissions in soil boxes. Subsurface drip at 15 cm soil depth in a tomato field, however, did not reduce emissions [13]. In a cotton field with raised beds, Bronson et al [14] reported that N 2 O emissions ranged from 0.1-0.54%, 0.15-1.1%, and <0.1% of added N fertilizer for furrow, sprinkler, and subsurface drip irrigation (to 22-28 cm depth) systems, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Subsurface Drip Irrigation Reduced Nitrous Oxide Emissions in a Pomegranate Orchard

Gao¹,

Hendratna²,

Cai³

et al. 2019

IJESD

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Soil fertilization is one of the major sources for nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions and soil moisture is among the most important factors affecting its production. Thus, one of the important mitigation strategies in semiarid or arid regions is through irrigation and/or fertigation management. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of different drip irrigation methods and N application levels on N 2 O emissions. Nitrous oxide emission flux and N 2 O concentration in soil profile were measured in a pomegranate field for two growing seasons under two irrigation systems [subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) at ~0.5 m depth and traditional surface drip irrigation (DI)], and three N application rates (50%, 100%, and 150% of current practice rate). Both years' data showed that N 2 O emissions has a high and positive correlation with N fertilization events and application levels. Nitrous oxide emissions from DI at 100% and 150% N levels were over an order of magnitude higher compared to those from SDI based on the data of the first year. Data from the second year confirmed the first year's findings of high emissions from DI. A positive linear correlation between the N 2 O emission flux and N 2 O concentration in soil-gas phase was identified that supported emission data. This research demonstrated that although N fertilization is a major cause for N 2 O emissions, subsurface drip irrigation/fertigation can lead to a significant emission reduction in addition to other benefits, such as increased water and nutrient use efficiencies, and reduced weed pressure.Index Terms-Chemical nitrogen fertilizer, greenhouse gas emission, high-frequency drip irrigation.

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“…Guo et al [20] also found that cumulative CO 2 emissions on the irrigation pipes was larger than that between irrigation pipes. Edwards et al [31] measured emissions from surface and subsurface drip (drip tape buried to 15 cm soil depth) irrigated tomato field for two years with significantly higher cumulative emissions from surface drip than subsurface drip, but they attributed the difference to sampling time temperature difference and concluded that the irrigation methods did not have a direct impact on CO 2 emissions. Fares et al [32] measured CO 2 emissions from different irrigation levels [75% (deficit), 100%, and 125% (excess) of reference crop evapotranspiration] using surface drip irrigation system and found no statistical differences among the irrigation levels.…”

Section: Cumulative Co 2 Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Dioxide Emissions and Spatial Variability Affected by Drip Irrigation Methods in a Pomegranate Orchard

Gao¹,

Hendratna²,

Cai³

et al. 2020

IJESD

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Mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions is essential to combat climate change, and also for sustainable agriculture. Agriculture is facing a growing number of challenges including water shortage and environmental degradation that threaten crop production. In this research, field monitoring was carried out to evaluate the effects of drip irrigation methods and nitrogen (N) fertilization level on carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions in a 5-year old pomegranate orchard. Surface drip irrigation (DI) and subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) were tested as main treatments. Three N application rates (50%, 100%, and 150% in reference to current practices) were applied as sub-treatments. CO 2 emission data were collected during the growing season. The CO 2 flux near the irrigation line was significantly higher from DI (ave. 2.67 µmol m -2 s -1 ) than SDI (ave. 1.74 µmol m -2 s -1 ). There were significant spatial variations surrounding a tree from DI but much less from SDI. However, no significant differences in cumulative CO 2 emissions were determined between DI (7.5-9.5 Mg ha -1 ) and SDI (7.7-9.0 Mg ha -1 ) due to small wetting areas under DI. These values may subject to error due to the limited number of sampling times in spatial variations. The higher DOC and water content in surface soil from DI contributed to the higher CO 2 emissions in comparison to SDI. The spatial variation should be considered to accurately estimate CO 2 emissions in orchard settings especially with irrigation systems. The SDI provides overall benefits of water savings, improvement on nutrient use efficiency, and reduction in total greenhouse gas emissions.Index Terms-Greenhouse gas emission, high-frequency drip irrigation, surface drip irrigation, subsurface drip irrigation, fertigation.

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Nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions from surface and subsurface drip irrigated tomato fields

Cited by 21 publications

References 19 publications

Irrigation and Greenhouse Gas Emissions: A Review of Field-Based Studies

Irrigation and Greenhouse Gas Emissions: A Review of Field-Based Studies

Subsurface Drip Irrigation Reduced Nitrous Oxide Emissions in a Pomegranate Orchard

Carbon Dioxide Emissions and Spatial Variability Affected by Drip Irrigation Methods in a Pomegranate Orchard

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