We report that the simple stable heme dimers (1-Fe) 2 and (2-Fe) 2 display strongly cooperative ligand binding. For example, (1-Fe) 2 binds a second isocyanide molecule with an approximately 50-fold higher affinity than the first, or with an allosteric interaction energy of DG a = 13 AE 3 kJ mol À1 . The degree of cooperativity is comparable to that of hemoglobin, a prototypical cooperative receptor for small molecules, whereas the mechanism appears to be distinct.With these results, we aim to help address the unmet need for simple, robust, and easily accessible synthetic receptors that bind small molecules (O 2 , NO, CO) cooperatively. Such receptors would be of great value for a number of applications (noncryogenic air separation, [1] chemical O 2 delivery/storage, [2] chemical sensors [3]