Nitroimidazole resistance genes (nimB) in anaerobic Gram-positive cocci (previously Peptostreptococcus spp.)

Theron, Maria M.; Rensburg, M. N. Janse Van; Chalkley, L. J.

doi:10.1093/jac/dkh270

Cited by 48 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…We determined the presence of nim genes [42,43] in all fecal and pus samples by PCR amplification with nim-specific primers. Amplicons of the sizes expected for the nim gene were present in both pus and fecal samples of ALA patients.…”

Section: Intestinal Flora and Amebiasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiome diversity in acute infective and chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases in North India

et al. 2016

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The disease profile in the Indian population provides a unique opportunity for studying the host microbiome interaction in both infectious (amebiasis) and autoimmune diseases like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) from a similar environment and genetic background. Analysis of fecal samples from untreated amebic liver abscess (ALA) patients, Entamoeba histolytica (Eh)-negative and -positive asymptomatic individuals, and pus samples from naive ALA patients revealed a significant reduction in Lactobacillus in asymptomatic individuals (Eh ?ve) and ALA patients. Two anaerobic genera, namely Bacteroides and Peptostreptococcus, were detected in naive ALA pus samples. Analysis of fecal samples from amoebic colitis patients showed a significant decline in population of Bacteroides, Clostridium coccoides and leptum subgroup, Lactobacillus, Campylobacter, and Eubacterium, whereas a significant increase in Bifidobacterium was observed. Mucosa-associated bacterial flora analysis from IBD patients and healthy controls revealed a significant difference in concentration of bacteria among predominating and subdominating genera between ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn's disease (CD) patients, and controls. In contrast to the mucosal studies, we found a significant increase in lactobacilli population in fecal samples of active UC patients. Another study revealed a significant decrease of Clostridium coccoides and leptum clusters in fecal samples of active UC patients along with decreased concentrations of fecal SCFAs, especially of nbutyrate, iso-butyrate, and acetate. We therefore found similar perturbations in gut microbiome in both infectious and autoimmune diseases, indicating inflammation to be the major driver for changes in gut microbiome.

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Section: Intestinal Flora and Amebiasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiome diversity in acute infective and chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases in North India

et al. 2016

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“…Metronidazole proved to have an excellent activity against both Peptostreptococcus species. Of concern may be that nim genes, which encode nitroimidazole resistance, are frequently present in GPAC, including P. anaerobius (26).…”

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confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Peptostreptococcus anaerobius and the Newly Described Peptostreptococcus stomatis Isolated from Various Human Sources

Könönen

Bryk

Niemi

et al. 2007

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Peptostreptococcus anaerobius sensu lato, currently including two closely related species, P. anaerobius and P. stomatis, is known to be more resistant than other gram-positive anaerobic cocci. We reidentified potential Peptostreptococcus isolates and tested their susceptibilities to eight antimicrobials. Notably, P. anaerobius had constantly higher values for the MIC at which 50% of the isolates are inhibited (MIC 50 ) and the MIC 90 than P. stomatis.Gram-positive anaerobic cocci (GPAC) are clinically significant organisms recovered from mixed infections involving anaerobic bacteria (16,19). This heterogeneous group has undergone considerable taxonomic changes, with new genera being formed from species previously belonging to the genus Peptostreptococcus (10, 11). Peptostreptococcus anaerobius was the only representative of the genus until Peptostreptococcus stomatis was recently described (9). P. anaerobius sensu lato has been frequently cultured from clinical specimens from the mouth, upper respiratory tract, skin and soft tissues, bone and joints, and gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts (5,6,8,16,19,20,27,28). Interestingly, Downes and Wade (9) suggested that the novel species, P. stomatis, originates from the oral cavity, whereas P. anaerobius sensu stricto has its habitat and is involved in infections under the waistline.GPAC have been considered susceptible to most antimicrobials used against anaerobic infections (19). However, P. anaerobius sensu lato seems to exhibit more resistance than other GPAC (2,13,17,18,21,23). No susceptibility data on P. anaerobius sensu stricto or P. stomatis exist thus far. The aim of the present study was to obtain information on their isolation sites and in vitro susceptibilities to eight antimicrobials potentially used to treat anaerobic infections.Sixty-four isolates that had been previously identified as P. anaerobius based on their anaerobic growth, coccoid cell morphology, sensitivity to sodium polyanethol sulfonate (SPS), and major production of isocaproic acid in gas-liquid chromatography (16) were available from various clinical specimens of 64 subjects. The isolation sites were traced from referrals that were sent together with the isolate to be characterized. The isolates, collected between 1985 and 2005, were revived from frozen (Ϫ70°C) stocks and subcultured on brucella blood agar to assure their purity before further testing. Key phenotypic tests discriminative in the separation of P. anaerobius and P. stomatis were the size of the growth inhibition zone around an SPS disk and the production of proline arylamidase (9). The zone around an SPS disk (Oxoid, Basingstoke, United Kingdom) was measured in millimeters (the minimum size should be 12 mm) on a brucella agar plate after 3 days of anaerobic incubation. Enzyme activity patterns were determined by the Rapid ID 32A test kit (API system; bioMérieux, Marcy l'Étoile, France) according to the manufacturer's instructions. For isolates with discrepant phenotypic characteristics, partial sequencing of the 16S r...

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“…Aliquots (ϳ0.5 ml), sampled by use of a syringe at 0, 6, 12, and 24, were diluted with sterile Wilkins-Chalgren broth and spiral plated onto Wilkins-Chalgren agar with 5% (vol/vol) laked horse blood (36). The plates were incubated anaerobically at 37°C for 48 h, after which the viable counts were determined.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antipropionibacterial Activity of BAL19403, a Novel Macrolide Antibiotic

Heller

Kellenberger

Shapiro

2007

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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BAL19403 exemplifies a new family of macrolide antibiotics with excellent in vitro activity against propionibacteria. MICs indicated that BAL19403 was very active against erythromycin-resistant and clindamycinresistant propionibacteria with mutations in the region from positions 2057 to 2059 (Escherichia coli numbering) of the 23S rRNA, although it is less active against those rare clinical isolates in which a methyltransferase, ErmX, confers macrolide and lincosamide resistance by dimethylation of the adenine moiety at position 2058. BAL19403 was predominantly bacteriostatic toward the propionibacteria, and population analyses indicated resistance selection frequencies for BAL19403 and the comparator drugs (erythromycin, clindamycin) in the range 10 ؊8 to 10 ؊9 for cutaneous propionibacteria with diverse antibiotic resistance profiles. On the basis of its antipropionibacterial activity and its high anti-inflammatory activity, BAL19403 represents a promising topical treatment for mild to moderate inflammatory acne vulgaris.

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Nitroimidazole resistance genes (nimB) in anaerobic Gram-positive cocci (previously Peptostreptococcus spp.)

Cited by 48 publications

References 10 publications

Gut microbiome diversity in acute infective and chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases in North India

Gut microbiome diversity in acute infective and chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases in North India

Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Peptostreptococcus anaerobius and the Newly Described Peptostreptococcus stomatis Isolated from Various Human Sources

Antipropionibacterial Activity of BAL19403, a Novel Macrolide Antibiotic

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