Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Yield of Wheat Genotypes Affected by Nitrogen Fertilizing and Environmental Conditions in Southern Brazil

Marinho, Jéssica de Lucena; Silva, Sérgio Ricardo; Fonseca, Inês Cristina de Batista; Zucareli, Claudemir

doi:10.1007/s42106-022-00200-9

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…An appropriate nitrogen fertilizer supply is the foundation for high yields of wheat [37]. Yuan et al [38] proposed that the main reason for the rational application of nitrogen fertilizer to increase wheat yield is the increase in the 1000-grain weight; Wang et al [39] believe that the rational application of nitrogen fertilizer is beneficial for improving yield and ensuring harvest spikes.…”

Section: Effect Of Nitrogen Application Rate On Spring Wheat Yield An...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Root Trace Nitrogen Reduction in Arid Areas on Sucrose–Starch Metabolism of Flag Leaves and Grains and Yield of Drip-Irrigated Spring Wheat

Ma,

Wang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Agronomy

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To investigate the effect of nitrogen (N) application on the carbon metabolism and yield of flag leaves and grains of spring wheat under drip irrigation in Xinjiang, a split-zone design was adopted from 2020 to 2021, with strong-gluten wheat, Xinchun 37 (XC37), and medium-gluten wheat, Xinchun 6 (XC 6), as the main zones and different nitrogen application rates as the sub-zones. Four nitrogen application rates of 0, 210, 255, and 300 kg·ha−1 (CK2, B1, A1, and CK1, respectively) were set to analyze and compare the nitrogen response of key enzyme activity, soluble sugar, and sucrose and starch content in flag leaves and grains to control yield formation. The results showed that with the increase in nitrogen application, the activities of sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) and sucrose synthase (SS) in flag leaves; the activities of SS, adenosine diphosphate glucose pyrophosphorylase (ADPG-PPase), soluble starch synthase (SSS), granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS), and starch branching enzyme (SBE) in grains; the contents of soluble sugar and sucrose in the flag leaves; and the yield, all first increased and then decreased. There is a significant difference between A1 (255 kg·ha−1) and the CK1 (300 kg·ha−1), B1 (210 kg·ha−1), and CK2 (0 kg·ha−1) treatments under the above indicators, with increases of 8–158%, 9–155%, 8–53%, 5–63%, 3–86%, 3–57%, 9–79%, 9–197%, and 9–113%, as well as higher levels of amylose, amylopectin, and total starch content than other treatments by 2–30%, 11–84%, and 8–63%, respectively. Correlation and stepwise regression analyses indicated highly a significant positive correlation between the yield and soluble sugar and sucrose of flag leaves and grains, as well as their key enzymes and starch. Among them, soluble sugar in grains, amylopectin, and sucrose in grains have the greatest impact on the yield of XC37, determining 85% of its yield. SSS, soluble sugars in grains, amylopectin, and SBE have the greatest impact on the yield of XC 6, determining 80% of its yield. The starch showed a highly significant positive correlation with ADPG-PPase, SSS, GBSS, and SBE. There was a significant interaction effect between the nitrogen application rate and variety, with better performance observed in Xinchun 37 compared to Xinchun 6. Under drip irrigation conditions in arid areas, a nitrogen application of 255 kg·ha−1 can effectively regulate the metabolism of sucrose to starch in the flag leaves and grains of spring wheat, which is conducive to the accumulation of starch in grains and the formation of yield.

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Section: Effect Of Nitrogen Application Rate On Spring Wheat Yield An...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Root Trace Nitrogen Reduction in Arid Areas on Sucrose–Starch Metabolism of Flag Leaves and Grains and Yield of Drip-Irrigated Spring Wheat

Ma,

Wang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Agronomy

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“…We highlight that the effects of N fertilization on grain quality varied among the environments and were more notable in Londrina (L irrig and L rainfed ). Moreover, the varied plant responses to N fertilization in PG rainfed is evidence that the wheat genotypes have distinct efficiencies for N uptake, assimilation and utilization (Benin et al, 2012;Hawkesford, 2017;Marinho et al, 2022a), which influences the quality of the produced grains. In this context, the difference in wet gluten concentration among the studied genotypes indicates that this grain trait is genetically controlled, although it is influenced by environmental conditions and agronomic crop practices (Denčić et al, 2011;Lidon et al, 2019).…”

Section: Technological Quality Of Grains and Flour As Influenced By N...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the nutrients supplied through fertilization, nitrogen (N) is emphasized as an element required in larger amounts by crops, especially by plants of the Poaceae family such as wheat (Bazzo et al, 2016;Souza et al, 2021;Marinho et al, 2022a). The importance of N for wheat crops is consensual, considering that N deficit results in smaller plants with fewer fertile tillers and lower N utilization efficiency, which leads to lower grain yield (Ferreira et al, 2021;Souza et al, 2021;Ferreira et al, 2022) and usually reduced grain protein concentration (Souza et al, 2019a;Xue et al, 2019;Lollato et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technological quality of wheat grains and flour as affected by nitrogen fertilization and weather condition

2023

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The quality of grains and flour can be influenced by genetics, crop management, and environment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the technological quality of wheat grains and flour influenced by the interaction among genotype, nitrogen (N) fertilization and weather conditions in different regions of wheat crop adaptation in southern Brazil, aiming to support farmers and the bakery industry sector in their decision-making processes. The experiment was carried out in three environments (Londrina in rainfed and irrigated conditions; and Ponta Grossa in rainfed) in a randomized block design with a 10 × 2 factorial scheme. Ten wheat genotypes (BRS Sanhaço, BRS Graúna, BRS Gaivota, BRS Gralha-Azul, TBIO Sinuelo, TBIO Mestre, TBIO Sossego, TBIO Sintonia, TBIO Toruk, and Quartzo) and two N rates (40 and 120 kg ha-1) were assessed. The following technological quality analyses were performed in grains or flour: hectoliter weight, thousand-kernel weight, falling number, grain protein concentration, experimental flour extraction (i.e. flour yield), wet gluten concentration, and alveography. Increasing N rates from 40 to 120 kg ha-1 enhanced the concentrations of grain protein and wet gluten. However, it did not influence dough gluten strength and the commercial classification of the flour. Nitrogen fertilization also influenced the flour yield, dough tenacity and elasticity index, depending on the genotype × environment interaction. Environments with higher temperatures favored the flour yield and wet gluten concentration, while lower temperatures increased thousand-kernel weight and falling number. Water deficit increased the dough extensibility and grain protein concentration, whereas higher water availability favored the falling number, dough tenacity, and tenacity/extensibility ratio. Therefore, these outcomes are important drivers for farmers when choosing specific wheat genotypes for the environmental conditions of their farms, when they intend to meet the industrial requirements of mills and food companies that use wheat flour.

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“…It must also allow better use of the genotype × environment (G×E) interaction in this new agricultural frontier, optimizing the use of resources and maximizing yields (Pasinato et al 2018). Various studies have reported the existence of the G×E interaction in wheat, such as those carried out by Coelho et al (2010), Condé et al (2010), and Marinho et al (2022) in Brazil, which makes cultivar selection complex, especially because genotypic performance changes across the environments. That reduces the magnitude of association between the phenotypic and genotypic values, limiting genetic gain from selection (Bornhofen et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of potential parents for a rainfed tropical wheat breeding program

Teixeira,

Fernandes,

Chaves

et al. 2023

Crop Breed. Appl. Biotechnol.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic variability and performance of the agronomic traits of wheat cultivars in the southern region of Minas Gerais for the purpose of choosing parents for a rainfed wheat breeding program. We evaluated 78 wheat cultivars in two locations in Minas Gerais regarding different agronomic traits. The statistical analyses were carried out using Henderson's mixed-model approach. The genetic values of the cultivars were predicted, and the heritabilities and accuracies were estimated for selection of cultivars. The cultivar × location interaction was decomposed into its simple and complex fractions. The genetic and environmental correlations between the traits were estimated, and selection was made for multiple traits using the sum of the standardized variables (Z-index). The genetic variance was significant for all the traits, and the cultivar × location interaction was significant. By the Z-index, 15 wheat cultivars more adapted were identified.

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Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Yield of Wheat Genotypes Affected by Nitrogen Fertilizing and Environmental Conditions in Southern Brazil

Cited by 4 publications

References 66 publications

Effects of Root Trace Nitrogen Reduction in Arid Areas on Sucrose–Starch Metabolism of Flag Leaves and Grains and Yield of Drip-Irrigated Spring Wheat

Effects of Root Trace Nitrogen Reduction in Arid Areas on Sucrose–Starch Metabolism of Flag Leaves and Grains and Yield of Drip-Irrigated Spring Wheat

Technological quality of wheat grains and flour as affected by nitrogen fertilization and weather condition

Performance of potential parents for a rainfed tropical wheat breeding program

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