Nitrogen Turnover and Nitrate Leaching after Bark Beetle Attack in Mountainous Spruce Stands of the Bavarian Forest National Park

Huber, Christian; Baumgarten, Manuela; Göttlein, Axel; Rotter, Verena

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-0952-2_27

Cited by 16 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The scheme of the chronosequence is presented in air temperature in the highlands is 3.0 to 4.5ЊC, mean annual Table 1. The criteria for selecting the plots and more informaprecipitation (of which 50% is snow) is around 1600 mm with tion about the plots are given in Huber et al (2004a). a maximum of Ͼ2000 mm in some years.…”

Section: Study Plotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long Lasting Nitrate Leaching after Bark Beetle Attack in the Highlands of the Bavarian Forest National Park

Huber¹

2005

J of Env Quality

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During the past decade bark beetle (Ips typographus) attacks killed nearly all of the Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] stands in the unmanaged zone in the highlands of the Bavarian Forest National Park. This study was conducted to predict if and how long the catastrophic event might cause elevated nitrate NO3(-) concentration in seepage water, and if the presence of ground vegetation may reduce NO3(-) leaching. A chronosequence approach was used to investigate NO3(-) leaching before and after the death of trees. Additionally, the impact of ground vegetation coverage on NO3(-) leaching was determined. Flux weighted yearly NO3(-) concentrations were significantly elevated in the first 5 yr after the dieback compared with intact stands (27 micromol(c) L(-1)), with highest concentrations in the fifth year after the dieback (579 micromol(c) L(-1)). Lowest NO3(-) concentrations were observed 17 yr after the dieback (10 micromol(c) L(-1)). Suction cups in places without ground vegetation showed significantly higher NO3(-) concentrations of 163 to 727 micromol(c) L(-1) (Year 2-5 after the dieback) than suction cups without vegetation. However, net uptake of N by ground vegetation observed during the first 7 yr after the dieback was low on a plot scale. Compared with other severe disturbances in forests, NO3(-) concentrations were elevated for a longer period. Due to high rates of precipitation, NO3(-) dilution occurred and concentrations remained mostly below the European critical level for drinking water. Part of the observed heterogeneity in NO3(-) concentrations could be attributed to different patterns of ground vegetation coverage.

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Section: Study Plotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Approximately 8000 kg N ha Ϫ1 are stored In the expansion zone (Falkenstein-Rachel area), however, most of the area will be managed until 2017. In a 500-m buffer down to the 40-cm soil depth (Huber et al, 2004a). Nitrogen fluxes in throughfall of intact stands were in the range of 12 to zone (see Fig.…”

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Long Lasting Nitrate Leaching after Bark Beetle Attack in the Highlands of the Bavarian Forest National Park

Huber¹

2005

J of Env Quality

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“…The process of nitrifi cation and nutrient losses can intensify an acidifi cation risk, especially in soils of poor mineral fertility or with unsuitable physical properties (soil texture or drainage) (Groff man, Tiedje, 2002). The increased nitrate concentrations in soil solution resulting from a deforestation are obvious only at nitrogen-non-limited sites (Dahlgren, Driscoll, 1994;Huber et al, 2004;Katzensteiner, 2003;Weis et al, 2006). Leaching of N-nitrates explained by concentrations of N-NO 3 − in soil solutions was the highest during the second year a er deforestation; the leached N-nitrates can be partially retained within the B horizons or within the rooting zone by biological retention.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in forms of available nitrogen and respiration in soil of beech forest as a reaction to a deforestation resulting from wind storm

Kučera¹,

Holík²,

Marosz³

et al. 2013

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun.

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KUČERA ALEŠ, HOLÍK LADISLAV, MAROSZ KAREL, MARTINÍK ANTONÍN, VAVŘÍČEK DUŠAN:Changes in forms of available nitrogen and respiration in soil of beech forest as a reaction to a deforestation resulting from wind storm. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 2013, LXI, No. 1, pp. 107-113 The article deals with the reaction of soil environment to a violent deforestation resulting from a wind storm. As a material, permanent inventory plot located in Training Forest Enterprise Masaryk Forest Křtiny was selected. The plot represents beech high forest, where soil was sampled from four types of sample plots: (1) maternal forest representing situation before the storm; (2) zone of transition from the maternal forest to the open area; (3) reaff orested clearing; (4) natural evolution. From each sample plot type, 6 mixed samples of Ah horizon were analysed to assess N-ammonium (N-NH 4 + ) and N-nitrates (NO 3 − ) content and respiration activity. The results show a signifi cant diff erence between the respiration activities of the particular sample plots, as well as a signifi cant diff erence in the content of N-ammonium and N-nitrate forms, the maternal forest representing a site of the lowest biological (and respiration) activity on the one hand, and, on the other hand, site of high N-ammonium and low N-nitrate content, respectively. From the results, intensive nitrifi cation caused by the deforestation is evident. The results are to be used as a starting level for a long-term observation of reaction of the forest beech ecosystem to deforestation and selected types of forest management.

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“…Other benefits to society include improved livestock forage, wildlife viewing and hunting due to population increases of some big game species (Saab et al 2014). Yet, bark beetles can also cause deleterious effects to human health (Embrey, Remais & Hess 2012), including diminished air quality (Amin et al 2012) and increased nutrient levels in surface water (Mikkelson et al 2013), though elevated nutrient concentrations after outbreaks may not necessarily exceed drinking water standards (Huber et al 2004). Other negative impacts include real or perceived increases in wildfire risk, perhaps leading to modification of wildfire management strategies (Jenkins et al 2014).…”

Section: S O C I a L -E N V I R O N M E N T A L L I N K A G E Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing bark beetle impacts on ecosystems and society: priority questions to motivate future research

Morris

Cottrell

Fettig

et al. 2016

Journal of Applied Ecology

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Summary Recent bark beetle outbreaks in North America and Europe have impacted forested landscapes and the provisioning of critical ecosystem services. The scale and intensity of many recent outbreaks are widely believed to be unprecedented. The effects of bark beetle outbreaks on ecosystems are often measured in terms of area affected, host tree mortality rates, and alterations to forest structure and composition. Impacts to human systems focus on changes in property valuation, infrastructure damage from falling trees, landscape aesthetics, and the quality and quantity of timber and water resources. To advance our understanding of bark beetle impacts, we assembled a team of ecologists, land managers and social scientists to participate in a research prioritization workshop. Synthesis and applications. We identified 25 key questions by using an established methodology to identify priorities for research into the impacts of bark beetles. Our efforts emphasize the need to improve outbreak monitoring and detection, educate the public on the ecological role of bark beetles, and develop integrated metrics that facilitate comparison of ecosystem services across sites.

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Nitrogen Turnover and Nitrate Leaching after Bark Beetle Attack in Mountainous Spruce Stands of the Bavarian Forest National Park

Cited by 16 publications

References 17 publications

Long Lasting Nitrate Leaching after Bark Beetle Attack in the Highlands of the Bavarian Forest National Park

Long Lasting Nitrate Leaching after Bark Beetle Attack in the Highlands of the Bavarian Forest National Park

Changes in forms of available nitrogen and respiration in soil of beech forest as a reaction to a deforestation resulting from wind storm

Managing bark beetle impacts on ecosystems and society: priority questions to motivate future research

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