Nitrogen Turnover and Nitrate Leaching after Bark Beetle Attack in Mountainous Spruce Stands of the Bavarian Forest National Park

Huber, Christian; Baumgarten, Manuela; Göttlein, Axel; Rotter, Verena

doi:10.1023/b:wafo.0000028367.69158.8d

Cited by 45 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…1 for further details of the organic N in the surface humus was mineralized. Elevated NO 3 -concentrations after disturbances due to clear cutting or other harvesting methods (Vitousek et al 1979;Dahlgren and Driscoll 1994;Weis et al 2006;Fukuzawa et al 2006), windthrows (Mellert et al 1996), or insect attacks (Huber et al 2004c, Huber 2005 have been frequently observed. Nitrate concentrations generally increase within the first two or three years (Dahlgren and Driscoll 1994;Gundersen et al 2006;Weis et al 2006) owing to mineralisation and nitrification of litterfall initially and harvesting residues.…”

Section: Nitrate Leachingmentioning

confidence: 98%

Ion concentrations and fluxes of seepage water before and after clear cutting of Norway spruce stands at Ballyhooly, Ireland, and Höglwald, Germany

Huber

Aherne

Weis³

et al. 2010

Biogeochemistry

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Ion concentrations and fluxes in seepage water (below the main rooting zone) were compared before and after clear cutting at two similar long-term experimental Norway spruce forest plots. While Ballyhooly (Ireland) was influenced by sea salt deposition, Höglwald (Germany) received high nitrogen (N) deposition. These differences were reflected in seepage water concentrations with sodium (Na ? ) and chloride (Cl -) dominating at Ballyhooly and high nitrate (NO 3 -) and aluminium concentrations at Höglwald. Following clear cutting of the forest plots, NO 3 -concentrations peaked (Ballyhooly: 2018 lmol c L -1 , Höglwald: 2595 lmol c L -1 ). Moreover, at Ballyhooly, NO 3 -concentrations and fluxes were continuously elevated for *1.5 years. At Höglwald, the clear cut plot, which was replanted with spruce and beech saplings, exhibited periodically elevated NO 3 -concentrations with two distinct peaks. However, low concentrations, compared to the control (uncut) plot, were also observed. Further, at Höglwald a plot with a pre-existing dense natural regeneration of Norway spruce exhibited much lower NO 3 -concentrations before and after clear cutting. Nonetheless, NO 3 -concentrations following clear cut at both sites were elevated at least periodically above European drinking water standards (50 mg L -1 ). An important prerequisite for NO 3 -leaching is that forests are N saturated or at least not N-limited; consequently chronic elevated N deposition may lead to increased deterioration of seepage water quality across Europe following forest disturbances (harvesting, windthrow, insect attacks). Clear cutting at Ballyhooly was responsible for significant element loss, especially of potassium, N and calcium, while magnesium loss was compensated by high sea salt inputs. At Höglwald the contamination of seepage water with NO 3 -has been the main problem for more than 20 years at the mature stand. A pre-existing regeneration can help to reduce NO 3 -and cation leaching after cutting.

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Section: Nitrate Leachingmentioning

confidence: 98%

Ion concentrations and fluxes of seepage water before and after clear cutting of Norway spruce stands at Ballyhooly, Ireland, and Höglwald, Germany

Huber

Aherne

Weis³

et al. 2010

Biogeochemistry

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“…In contrast to N deposition, atmospheric deposition of DOC is low (Lindroos et al, 2008) and thus has not been identified as major driver of DOC leaching from subsoil (Fröberg et al, 2007;Kaiser and Kalbitz, 2012;Verstraeten et al, 2014). Moreover, studies show contrasting results but point to increased DOC (TOC) leaching from soil and catchments after forest disturbances (Huber et al, 2004;Löfgren et al, 2014;Meyer et al, 1983;Mikkelson et al, 2013;Wu et al, 2014).…”

Section: A Hartmann Et Al: Model-aided Quantification Of Dissolved mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In mountainous catchments the latter flow paths are likely due to the steepness of the catchment slopes (Boyer et al, 1997;Sakamoto et al, 1999;Terajima and Moriizumi, 2013). The missing signal of forest disturbance on DOC concentrations at weir 1 even shortly after the disturbance may be due to the minor extension of the disturbed area, the minor increase of surface and shallow subsurface flow due to the relative low slope of the disturbed area, the buffering of increased topsoil DOC leaching due to absorption of DOC within the subsoil (Borken et al, 2011;Huber et al, 2004), missing DOC-rich riparian source areas (i.e. wetlands, floodplains) and the reduction in pre-disturbance organic matter input to soil (i.e.…”

Section: Impact Of Stormsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model-aided quantification of dissolved carbon and nitrogen release after windthrow disturbance in an Austrian karst system

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Karst systems are important for drinking water supply. Future climate projections indicate increasing temperature and a higher frequency of strong weather events. Both will influence the availability and quality of water provided from karst regions. Forest disturbances such as windthrow can disrupt ecosystem cycles and cause pronounced nutrient losses from the ecosystems. In this study, we consider the time period before and after the wind disturbance period (2007/08) to identify impacts on DIN (dissolved inorganic nitrogen) and DOC (dissolved organic carbon) with a process-based flow and solute transport simulation model. When calibrated and validated before the disturbance, the model disregards the forest disturbance and its consequences on DIN and DOC production and leaching. It can therefore be used as a baseline for the undisturbed system and as a tool for the quantification of additional nutrient production. Our results indicate that the forest disturbance by windthrow results in a significant increase of DIN production lasting ∼ 3.7 years and exceeding the pre-disturbance average by 2.7 kg ha −1 a −1 corresponding to an increase of 53 %. There were no significant changes in DOC concentrations. With simulated transit time distributions we show that the impact on DIN travels through the hydrological system within some months. However, a small fraction of the system outflow (< 5 %) exceeds mean transit times of > 1 year.

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“…Fang et al (1999b) reported that the mean annual accumulation of total N (aboveground) was approximately 124.0 kg N ha -1 and the annual return of total N via litterfall was about 40.0 kg N ha -1 for the poplar plantations with planting density of 1,111 stems ha -1 over a 6-year rotation. Natural annual N loss is about 10-250 kg N ha -1 as a result of combined losses associated with precipitation input and ecosystem N dynamics (Huber et al 2004). Therefore, mulching weight and mulching intervals for each mulching species would be different at various ages of poplar plantations as well as at different sites.…”

Section: Conclusion and Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decomposition and nutrient release of four potential mulching materials for poplar plantations on upland sites

Fang

Xie

2008

Agroforest Syst

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The application of organic residues and the release dynamics of nutrients during decomposition may be crucial to improving poplar growth in upland areas. Field experiments were conducted in Guizhou Province, southwestern China, to determine differences in biomass decomposition of four potential mulching materials in one-year-old poplar plantations. Results showed the initial total content of N, P, K, Ca and Mg in the mulches ranged from 30.0 to 35.0 g/kg and was significantly greater in Quercus fabri, Imperata cylindrica var. major and Pteridium aquilinum var. latiuscukum than in Coriaria nepalensis. The weight loss pattern of these four species during decomposition could be best described by a double exponential decay model, and monthly decay rate coefficients (k) were in the order Q. fabri [C. nepalensis[I. cylindrica[P. aquilinum over a one-year period. Total nutrient (N, P and K) release of the four mulching materials ranged from 74.2 to 90.8% of the initial content after one year of decomposition, while nutrients were released in the order K [ P[N. Nutrient release was fastest in C. nepalensis followed by Q. fabri, I. cylindrica, and slowest in P. aquilinum. Thus, taking into account initial nutrient content, nutrient additions and decay rates, the sprouts of woody species (Q. fabri and C. nepalensis) with massive foliage proved to be more important as nitrogen sources than the grass or fern.

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Nitrogen Turnover and Nitrate Leaching after Bark Beetle Attack in Mountainous Spruce Stands of the Bavarian Forest National Park

Cited by 45 publications

References 0 publications

Ion concentrations and fluxes of seepage water before and after clear cutting of Norway spruce stands at Ballyhooly, Ireland, and Höglwald, Germany

Ion concentrations and fluxes of seepage water before and after clear cutting of Norway spruce stands at Ballyhooly, Ireland, and Höglwald, Germany

Model-aided quantification of dissolved carbon and nitrogen release after windthrow disturbance in an Austrian karst system

Decomposition and nutrient release of four potential mulching materials for poplar plantations on upland sites

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