Nitrogen-source preference in blueberry ( Vaccinium sp.): Enhanced shoot nitrogen assimilation in response to direct supply of nitrate

Alt, D.; Doyle, John W.; Malladi, Anish

doi:10.1016/j.jplph.2017.05.014

Cited by 30 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Under acidic soil conditions, NH 4 + is present as the primary form of inorganic nitrogen rather than NO 3 - (Alt et al, 2017). As previously mentioned, many of ericaceous plants prefer NH 4 + over NO 3 of inorganic nitrogen (Alt et al, 2017;Clark et al, 2003). This probably accounts for adaptation of heath family plants to the soil with low pH.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Alternatively, the preference on acidic soil condition may not be attributed by pH per se but by the nutrient availability under low pH values. Under acidic soil conditions, NH 4 + is present as the primary form of inorganic nitrogen rather than NO 3 - (Alt et al, 2017). As previously mentioned, many of ericaceous plants prefer NH 4 + over NO 3 of inorganic nitrogen (Alt et al, 2017;Clark et al, 2003).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Many ericaceous members, including rhododendrons and blueberries, have a preference for the ammonium form (NH 4 + ) over the nitrate form (NO 3 -) of inorganic nitrogen. In the absence of this preferred condition, these ericaceous plants may display foliar chlorosis and stunted shoot growth (Alt et al, 2017;Clark et al, 2003). In B5 medium, the NH 4 + /NO 3 ratio is 0.08, much lower than that of WPM and MS (0.52) (Gamborg et al, 1968).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In Vitro Seed Germination of Kalmia latifolia L. Hybrids: A Means for Improving Germination and Speeding Up Breeding Cycle

He¹,

Zhang²

2018

horts

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Kalmia latifolia L. (mountain laurel), a member of Ericaceae, is a beautiful ornamental shrub native to the eastern United States. The plant is not common in the southeastern United States landscapes because of the limited heat tolerance of most commercial cultivars. Breeding of heat-tolerant cultivars can be achieved by cross hybridization, but is often challenged by low germination percentage, long germination time, and potential abortion of cross-hybridized seeds. We used in vitro seed germination to enhance germination and shorten germination time and investigated the appropriate collecting time, optimal basal medium, and pH for this approach. Collecting time affected in vitro seed germination, with more mature hybrid seeds [collected 4–5 months after pollination (MAP)] having higher germination rate (90% in 4 weeks) than the less mature seeds collected in 2 MAP (20% in 7 weeks). Seedlings from the mature seeds also produced two true leaves on average after 8 weeks of culture, whereas seedlings from the less mature seeds had no true leaves. Woody Plant Medium (WPM) better enhanced in vitro seed germination compared with Murashige and Skoog (MS) or Gamborg’s B5 (B5) medium. WPM yielded higher germination (98%) than MS (90%) and significantly greater total leaf area per seedling (67 mm3) than MS (50 mm3) and B5 (52 mm3) for seeds of ‘Firecracker’ × ‘Snowdrift’. Similar effects had been observed on seeds from ‘Little Linda’ × ‘Starburst’ and ‘Pristine’ × ‘Peppermint’. The pH ranging from 4.2 to 5.4 did not affect seed germination and seedling development of mountain laurel hybrids. Our protocol enabled early collection of mountain laurel hybrid seeds 1 month before their full maturation and permitted seeds to germinate in 4 weeks on WPM, which shortened the period from crossing to the seedling stage from up to 15 to 6 months and enhanced germination percentage from 30% to more than 90% compared with traditional seed germination. This protocol should be applied to promote the breeding and selection of new mountain laurel cultivars for the southeastern United States landscapes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In Vitro Seed Germination of Kalmia latifolia L. Hybrids: A Means for Improving Germination and Speeding Up Breeding Cycle

He¹,

Zhang²

2018

horts

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“…Nitrate assimilation is a process highly sensitive to N stresses [101]. Nitrite assimilation consumes six electrons from reduced ferredoxin [102,103].…”

Section: Photoprotection In N Deprivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photosynthetic performance and photosynthesis-related gene expression coordinated in a shade-tolerant species Panax notoginseng under nitrogen regimes

Zhang

Chen

2020

BMC Plant Biol

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Background: Nitrogen (N) is an essential component of photosynthetic apparatus. However, the mechanism that photosynthetic capacity is suppressed by N is not completely understood. Photosynthetic capacity and photosynthesis-related genes were comparatively analyzed in a shade-tolerant species Panax notoginseng grown under the levels of low N (LN), moderate N (MN) and high N (HN). Results: Photosynthetic assimilation was significantly suppressed in the LN-and HN-grown plants. Compared with the MN-grown plants, the HN-grown plants showed thicker anatomic structure and larger chloroplast accompanied with decreased ratio of mesophyll conductance (g m) to Rubisco content (g m /Rubisco) and lower Rubisco activity. Meanwhile, LN-grown plants displayed smaller chloroplast and accordingly lower internal conductance (g i). LN-and HN-grown individuals allocated less N to light-harvesting system (N L) and carboxylation system (N C), respectively. N surplus negatively affected the expression of genes in Car biosynthesis (GGPS, DXR, PSY, IPI and DXS). The LN individuals outperformed others with respect to non-photochemical quenching. The expression of genes (FBA, PGK, RAF2, GAPC, CAB, PsbA and PsbH) encoding enzymes of Calvin cycle and structural protein of light reaction were obviously repressed in the LN individuals, accompanying with a reduction in Rubisco content and activity. Correspondingly, the expression of genes encoding RAF2, RPI4, CAB and PetE were repressed in the HN-grown plants. Conclusions: LN-induced depression of photosynthetic capacity might be caused by the deceleration on Calvin cycle and light reaction of photosynthesis, and HN-induced depression of ones might derive from an increase in the form of inactivated Rubisco.

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“…In addition, ericaceous species have low N requirements as they have evolved adaptations to survive in habitats having low inorganic N availability and mineralization rates, especially cold climate species, such as lowbush blueberry [43]. Their use of nitrate is generally insignificant because ericaceous species have small or null nitrate reductase activity in their leaves and roots [44,45]. Ericaceous species rather support their N demand by taking up organic N molecules through their ericoid mycorrhizal associations [9,44,46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting impacts of two weed species on lowbush blueberry fertilizer nitrogen uptake in a commercial field

et al. 2019

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Numerous studies have speculated that lowbush blueberry ( Vaccinium angustifolium ) is less efficient than weed species at taking up inorganic nitrogen (N) derived from fertilizers, thus raising questions as to the effectiveness of N fertilization in commercial fields. However, competition for acquiring N as well as specific interactions between blueberry and companion weeds characterized by contrasted functional traits remain poorly documented. Here, we assessed fertilizer-derived N acquisition efficiency and biomass production in lowbush blueberry and two common weed species that have different functional traits—sweet fern ( Comptonia peregrina ), a N 2 -fixing shrub, and poverty oat grass ( Danthonia spicata ), a perennial grass—in a commercial blueberry field in Québec, Canada. In 2015, 15 N-labelled ammonium sulfate was applied at a rate of 45 kg ha -1 to 1 m 2 field plots containing lowbush blueberry and one of the two weeds present at several different density levels (0 to 25 plants m -2 ). In 2016, each plot was harvested to determine vegetative biomass and the percentage of fertilizer-derived N recovered (PFNR) in each species. The PFNR was higher in blueberry (24.4 ± 9.3%) than in sweet fern (13.4 ± 2.6%) and poverty oat grass (3.3 ± 2.9%). However, lowbush blueberry required about four times more root biomass than sweet fern and poverty oat grass to uptake an equivalent amount of N from ammonium sulfate. The PFNR in poverty oat grass increased with plant density (from 0.8% to 6.4% at 2–3 and >6 plants m -2 , respectively), which resulted in a decrease in blueberry’s PFNR (from 26.0 ± 1.4% to 8.6 ± 1.8%) and aboveground vegetative biomass production (from 152 ± 58 to 80 ± 28 g m -2 ). The increase in biomass production and N content in sweet fern with increasing plant density was not accompanied by an increase in PFNR (29.7 ± 8.4%), suggesting an increasing contribution of atmospherically-derived N. This mechanism (i.e., N sparing) likely explained blueberry’s higher biomass production and N concentration in association with sweet fern than with poverty oat grass. Overall, our study confirms lowbush blueberry low efficiency (on a mass basis) at taking up N derived from the fertilizer as compared to weeds and reveals contrasted and complex interactions between blueberry and both weed species. Our results also suggest that the use of herbicides may not be necessary when poverty oat grass is present at a low density (<15 plants of poverty oat grass m -2 ) and that adding inorganic N fertilizer is counterproductive when this species is present at a high density as it takes up as much fertilizer as lowbush blueberry.

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Nitrogen-source preference in blueberry ( Vaccinium sp.): Enhanced shoot nitrogen assimilation in response to direct supply of nitrate

Cited by 30 publications

References 58 publications

In Vitro Seed Germination of Kalmia latifolia L. Hybrids: A Means for Improving Germination and Speeding Up Breeding Cycle

In Vitro Seed Germination of Kalmia latifolia L. Hybrids: A Means for Improving Germination and Speeding Up Breeding Cycle

Photosynthetic performance and photosynthesis-related gene expression coordinated in a shade-tolerant species Panax notoginseng under nitrogen regimes

Contrasting impacts of two weed species on lowbush blueberry fertilizer nitrogen uptake in a commercial field

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